Where and how is FIAT Ducato assembled for Russia. fiat

The diversified concern "Fiat" is one of the largest European manufacturers of cars and special-purpose equipment. Today we will talk about its history and popular models.

The history of the formation of the brand "Fiat"

The date of foundation of the Italian company is considered to be 1899. It was during this year that at the factory in the Italian city of Torino, a group of engineers opened production for the assembly of passenger cars under the Renault license. Fiat produced its first car in 1901. Simultaneously with the production of motor vehicles, the company mastered and began to produce aircraft and marine power units. An important stage in the development of the company was the year 1912, in which serial, and most importantly, conveyor production of cars began at the new Lingotto factory. By this period, the company began the production of trucks and buses.

Before the start of the war, the company managed to become a leader in the European automotive industry, updating the lineup of its cars almost every year. In the post-war period, Fiat produced modernized pre-war cars.

After the sixties of the last century, the company began to develop rapidly, and at present Fiat is a manufacturer of a wide variety of equipment.

Products of Fiat subsidiaries

In our country, the Fiat brand is most of all associated with cars. But the range of products manufactured by subsidiaries in different countries by Fiat manufacturers is much wider and includes the following special equipment:

• excavators, bulldozers, loaders - CASE (construction equipment), New Holland Construction;
• combines, tractors, agricultural equipment - Case IH, Steyr;
• fire fighting equipment - Magirus ("Magirus");
• trolley buses - Irisbus ("Irisbas");
• trucks - Astra ("Astra");
• military equipment - Iveco Defense Vehicles.

Fiat Powertrain Technologies specializes in the production of engines, transmissions, auto units and metalworking.

Automotive direction "Fiat"

The structure of the concern includes a number of well-known companies specializing in the production of cars. These are the following companies:

• Maserati ("Maserati") - business class cars, sports cars;
• Alfa Romeo ("Alfa Romeo") - cars;
• Ferrari ("Ferrari") - exclusive sports and racing cars;
• Chrysler ("Chrysler") - cars, crossovers, SUVs;
• Lancia ("Lyancha") - passenger models, minivans;
• Abarth ("Abarth") - sports cars based on serial Fiat models;
• Mopar - production of spare parts.

According to the location of the subsidiaries, the answer to the question of who produces Fiat, the producing country, except for Italy, should be the United States, where Chrysler is located.

Cars produced under the Fiat brand

In addition to the listed vehicles manufactured by Fiat subsidiaries in Europe and America, the following models of passenger cars are currently produced under their own name, as indicated in Table 1.

In addition to passenger cars under the name "Fiat", a commercial model of the minibus "Ducato" is produced in the following versions:

1. Van.
2. Combi.
3. Chassis.

The van variant has four variants of modifications for passenger transportation. Based on the combi and chassis versions, six variants of the cargo version and eight standard special vehicles are mass-produced.

The manufacturer of Fiat Ducato in the country is the domestic company Sollers. The car is manufactured at the company's production facilities in the city of Yelabuga.

Advantages of Fiat cars

Having extensive experience in the development and production of cars (12 awards for the best car of the year), the company successfully uses it together with innovative technologies to produce modern models. Such a merger, along with a fairly diverse model range, contributes to a high demand for brand cars. In addition, manufactured Fiat cars are characterized by the following advantages:

• individual design, forming a recognizable external image;
• the presence of a large number of modern driver assistance and safety systems;
• a variety of equipment versions that allow you to choose the necessary equipment;
• powerful and economical power units;
• affordable cost;
• low-cost service and low cost of spare parts;
• the possibility of acquiring the selected car under various credit and leasing programs;
• good demand in the secondary market.

The advantages include that the countries producing Fiat cars are completely different.

Sedan "Fiat Albea"

The company has developed a compact car specifically for the countries of Eastern Europe. As a basis for the novelty, I used the Paleo model. Considering the specifics of sales and the upcoming operating conditions, the following qualities were initially incorporated into the design of the car:

• high ground clearance;
• spacious interior with quality finishes;
• reinforced suspension;
• galvanized body;
• increased trunk volume;
• budget cost.

The original manufacturer of Fiat Albea is Türkiye. From here, the sedan was exported to European countries. In the future, the number of Fiat Albea producing countries increased, Poland and Russia became them.

In our country, the model was produced from 2000 to 2011 at the facilities of Sollers. Despite the termination of sales of the small car in Russia, in Europe the Albea sedan is sold in three trim levels, and the cost is from 10.70 thousand to 12.90 thousand dollars.

"Fiat Ducato"

The Ducato minibus has been produced by the company since 1981. Distinctive features of the novelty immediately became a large number of configuration options and the ability to install one of six power units to choose from. Currently, a modification of the car of the 2016 model is being produced and sold. The model became the leader in terms of sales among commercial minibuses. The basis of this success was the following advantages of "Ducato":

• modern design;
• multifunctionality;
• the presence of three options for the wheelbase;
• comfortable salon;
• increased power of body elements;
• reinforced suspension design;
• load capacity;
• economy in operation;
• affordable cost;
• rich equipment;
• powerful power units.

The main manufacturer of Fiat Ducato for European countries is the SEVEL enterprise located in Italy.

Placement of car production

Like all leading automakers in the world, the Italian company locates its production facilities in various countries in order to be closer to the most popular markets. Table 2 shows the Fiat producing countries, where the largest production facilities of the concern are located and the models produced under the Fiat brand are presented.

It should be noted that there are assembly areas in the Fiat manufacturing countries in Egypt (African market) and China (Asian region).

Sale of small cars in Russia

In addition to the minibus "Ducato", the following compact passenger cars of the brand are currently sold in the salons of official dealers:

1. "500". Subcompact runabout, designed primarily for use in urban areas. It has an unusual appearance, high security (five stars from EURO NCAP), a rich package bundle, which already includes in the basic version:

• air conditioner;
• seven airbags;
• on-board computer;
• remote door opening;
• emergency brake assistant.

Also in the salons there are two sports modifications of this model under the designation 500GQ and 500 Sport.

2. Punto. Compact passenger car, manufactured in 1993. It has a bright dynamic design that forms a modern external image. In our country, it is sold in four different configurations in a hatchback body. It has a rich equipment, among which are:

• multifunction steering wheel with electric power steering and a choice of control mode;
• on-board computer;
• air conditioner;
• lock with remote control;
• seven airbags;
• "Start/Stop" system;
• various trim options.

When asked which country is the manufacturer of Fiat for the Russian market, it should be answered that these are enterprises of Poland and Italy.

Minivan for domestic buyers

The appearance of the all-wheel drive Fremont model in the domestic market is connected with the company's desire to increase the segment of cars sold in our country by entering the market of universal family cars. Cars of this class are quite popular in Russia.

"Fremont" has a powerful appearance, stylized as a crossover; which highlights:

• multi-stage front bumper;
• wide wheel arches;
• large hood stamping lines;
• plastic lining imitating front and rear protection.

Traditionally for Fiat models, the minivan received rich equipment:

• multimedia complex with touch screen;
• multifunction steering wheel;
• seats with a large number of adjustments;
• dual-zone climate control;
• 17-inch wheels;
• parking controller;
• start the engine with a button;
• pressure and light sensors;

The cost of new items in domestic salons starts from 1.30 million rubles.

Fiat in Russia

The first Fiat cars appeared in our country in 1915, but deliveries did not last long. The next major and important stage in the emergence of Italians in Russia should be considered the construction of the Volga Automobile Plant and the creation of the production of passenger cars under the VAZ brand. The small car "Fiat 124" was chosen as the basis for the first model of the new plant. The car was redesigned jointly by Italian and Soviet engineers for the possibility of operation in domestic conditions. After successful tests, the runabout was put on the conveyor.

The new model turned out to be so successful that it went through several modifications, and subsequent cars of the plant were developed on its basis, the production of which continued until almost 2000.

In our time, the most successful result of cooperation must be called the production of the Ducato minibus model together with the Russian company Sollers. The plant in Yelabuga produces several modifications of this model. In addition, on the basis of Fiat Ducato, the manufacturer produces special-purpose vehicles.

Fiat is one of the largest automakers in Europe. The company is engaged in the manufacture of not only machines, but also special-purpose equipment. In 1999, she celebrated her centenary. The name of the company has a musical sound, and it immediately becomes clear that the country of origin of Fiat is Italy. Surprisingly, the brand has been in the shadow of its associates for almost its entire existence.

Fiat products

For many, the concern is associated only with cars, but its range of products is much wider:

• loaders, excavators and bulldozers (CASE, New Holland Construction);
• tractors, combines and other agricultural equipment (Steyr, Case IN);
• equipment for firefighters (Magirus);
• urban transport - trolleybuses, buses (Irisbus);
• trucks (Astra);
• equipment for military needs (Iveno Defense Vehicles).

history of the company

The story began in 1899. Then a group of investors in Turin founds a company whose activities are aimed at the production of passenger cars under the license of Renauil. Its management was entrusted to Giovanni Agnelli, who had previously been a policeman. This man showed strict discipline and imitated the brainchild of Henry Ford.

The first own car of the company was assembled in 1901, and in a couple of years the concern enters the world market. The abolition of the tax on imported steel leads to active expansion. In the production of cars, Fiat did not limit itself, and at the same time mastered and produced aviation, marine power units. And after 11 years, a new stage has come true - serial, conveyor production of machines, which was launched at the new Lingotto plant. During this period, the brand was already engaged in the production of buses, as well.

Before the war, Fiat was considered the leader in the automotive industry in Europe, adding a new car to the lineup every year. Wartime forced the brand to engage in the manufacture of military equipment. The manufacturer returned to the main craft only under the rule of Benito Mussolini.

For 23 years, the plant had great times, as a large number of branches were opened. This period began in 1922. In 1945, Agnelli was removed from his post. The reason for this was that he was an adherent of fascism.

The next stage in the development of the concern took place in 1957, when the production of the Nuova-500 model started. The total number of purchases of this small car for 15 years amounted to about 3 million.

The end of the 60s comes and the brand gets a second life. The reason for the rapid development was the concern's cooperation with the USSR. So, the "penny" known to this day was created on the basis of the Fiat 124. After a while, the company was absorbed by Lancia, which 10 years later also began to own Maserati, Alfa Romeo, Ferrari. As a result of such changes, the corporation became the monopoly of the auto industry in Italy.

In the 1990s, the corporation went into decline. The reason for this was the poor reliability of the products. It is known that in 2002 its losses reached a record figure - 4.2 billion dollars. The forecasts were disappointing, but despite this, the company continued to fight and after four years it was profitable again. And in 2009, Chrysler went bankrupt, and Fiat became the owner of a part of the brand's shares. It was temporary, and five years later she gained full control.

It is worth noting that the brand has always loved experiments and strived for development. And so the first racing car from Fiat appeared. The release was successful, so they continued to work on this direction.

Productive capacity

The size of the corporation is amazing. So, she manages 1000 companies located in 61 countries around the globe. Production has been established in Italy, Brazil, Argentina, France, Poland, Turkey, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, etc. As for employees, their number reaches about 220 thousand.

The largest production is in Brazil. Here, the plant can produce up to 3,000 models per day. Cooperation with each company has its own characteristics. For example, in some countries they only assemble units brought from Italy, and somewhere parallel assembly of local equipment is allowed.

The concern previously shared its plans, in which it announced further expansion in the American, European and African markets.

The largest production facilities of the concern are concentrated:

• Italy (Toro, 500L, 500S, Fullback, Grande Punto, 124 Spider, Ducato);
• Poland (500, Punto, Bravo);
• Türkiye (Tipo, Albea, Linea);
• Russia (Ducato);
• Argentina (Punto, Tipo, Argo);
• Mexico (500, Albea, Freemont);
• Brazil (Croma, Bravo, Toro, Panda).

Many drivers are interested in where Fiat Albea is going. The machine is intended for Eastern Europe. Initially, Turkey was engaged in its manufacture, and then Mexico, Poland, and Russia. In Russia, this car was assembled at the Sollers plant in Naberezhnye Chelny. This went on for 11 years and in 2011 sales of the small car for Russian consumers ceased. In the European car market, the model can be purchased in three trim levels, at a price of 10.70 thousand dollars.

The main production of the Ducato minibus is located in Italy - the SEVEL enterprise. There is also a Russian-assembled Fiat Ducato. The plant is located in Yelabuga.

The model is very popular due to the reinforced suspension, versatility, comfortable interior, increased power of body elements, load capacity and more. But the most important thing is that the minibus is produced in different versions: chassis, combi and van. The latter option has four modifications designed for passenger transportation. The remaining options are six modifications for cargo transportation and eight standard ones.

Car Benefits

The corporation has extensive experience in auto production, constantly introduces innovative technologies, and has a diverse model range. But not only this affects the high demand. So, Fiat boasts such advantages:

• individual style that forms a recognizable image;
• the use of many modern systems that help the driver and;
• different versions of equipment, which allows you to choose the right equipment;
• powerful and;
• demand in the secondary market;
• affordable price for cars, service and spare parts;
• the availability of various credit and leasing programs for purchase.

Fans of the brand will be interested to know some little-known interesting facts:

• the company's machines were recognized as the best in Europe 12 times;
• the automaker does not trust the production of branches, only in the third world countries they assemble models that are already outdated;
• the brand was the first to successfully introduce a heating system, as well as ventilation;
• Fiat 124, which is the prototype of the VAZ 2101, became the best car in the late 70s;
• the first Common Rail engine was produced at the company's plant,. This event happened in 1986;
• 1936 is marked by the release of the smallest car in the world, which gained great popularity, it was produced in large quantities;
• Fiat Panda has 60 modifications, and the total number of sales is 4 million (until 2000);
• the first SUV in the car market - Fiat Campagnola;
• the production of the Fiat Sedici and the Suzuki SX4 is carried out in the same plant, and the same basis is used for this;
• famous Italians prefer brand cars. For example, Felippe Massa, Alejandro Del Piero, etc.

The main reason why the brand is inferior to its Italian competitors is efficiency. And also there is information that despite all the advantages of the company, their cars have shortcomings. For this reason, the English translate its name as "Fix it again, Tony", the Germans say differently: "Defects in every node."

The brand says that it is not going to stop there and will expand its international contacts, as well as increase production figures.

FIAT S.p.A. (™: FIAT- an acronym for Italian. Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino, translated Italian car factory Turin) is an Italian manufacturer of automobiles, engines, a financial and industrial association based in Turin (Piedmont region).

Fiat car assembly plants are located all over the world. The largest plant located outside of Italy is located in Brazil. Also, its production sites are located in Argentina and Poland. Fiat has long licensed its products worldwide, regardless of political or cultural persuasion. Joint ventures are located in France, Turkey, Egypt, South Africa, India and China.

FIAT activities

The group's activities were initially focused on the production of commercial vehicles, industrial and agricultural equipment. During its existence, the company has extended its activities to many other areas in manufacturing and financial services. It is the largest Italian and world-wide concern with 1,063 companies with a total of 223,000 employees, 111,000 of which are employed in 61 countries outside of Italy.

Automotive

Fiat Group is Italy's largest transport manufacturer, producing a wide range of vehicles from microcars to Ferrari sports cars, vans and trucks (from Ducato to Iveco). In addition to Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A, the Fiat Group includes the following companies:

• Ferrari S.p.A.
• Iveco S.p.A.
• Maserati S.p.A.

Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A includes:

• Abarth & C.S.p.A.
• Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A.
• Fiat Automobiles S.p.A.
• Fiat Professional
• Lancia Automobiles S.p.A.

Ferrari S.p.A. 85% owned by the Fiat Group, but managed autonomously.

The company produces passenger cars under the brands Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Ferrari, Maserati and trucks under the Iveco brand. Fiat is also one of the largest manufacturers of agricultural and construction equipment in the world. The long-term crisis forced the company to sell the aircraft building, publishing and a number of other divisions.

Unlike passenger cars, FIAT has a traditionally strong position in commercial vehicles. In April 2009, the Fiat Professional brand set a historical sales record, reaching a market share of 14.9% in Western Europe. This figure propelled Fiat to the top spot among commercial vehicle manufacturers.

The international European Car of the Year award has gone to the Fiat Group 12 times, more than any other company.

Agricultural and construction equipment

The Fiat Group is owned by CNH Global (which includes Case Construction, Case IH, Flexi-Coil, Kobelco, New Holland, New Holland Construction and Steyr) and Fiat-Hitachi Construction. CNH is the second largest agricultural equipment manufacturer in the world (after Deere & Company.). CNH is also the third largest construction equipment manufacturer (after Caterpillar Inc. and Komatsu). CNH accounts for approximately 20% of Fiat Group's profits.

commercial vehicles

Commercial vehicles (Iveco and Seddon Atkinson), buses (Iveco and Irisbus) and fire trucks (Camiva, Iveco and Magirus), Ariete military vehicles.

List of some of Fiat's small commercial vehicles: Fiat Ducato, Fiat Scudo and Fiat Doblò Cargo.

Motorcycles

In 1959, Piaggio comes under the control of the Agnelli family (Italian: Agnelli). As a result, in 1964, the air and motorcycle divisions were separated into independent companies: the airline was named IAM Rinaldo Piaggio. To date, the airline is owned by the Piero Ferrari family (Italian: Piero Ferrari), who also still holds 10% of the Ferrari automaker.

Vespa prospered until 1992 when Giovanni Alberto Agnelli became CEO - but by that time Agnelli was already ill with cancer and died in 1997. In 1999 Morgan Grenfell acquired Piaggio.

aircraft industry

Fiat itself was a major aircraft manufacturer, specializing mainly in the production of military aircraft. After the First World War, Fiat merged several small Italian aircraft manufacturers (Pomilio, Ansaldo, etc.). The most famous Fiat biplane fighters of the 1930s are the Fiat CR.32 and Fiat CR.42. Other notable developments are the CR.20, G.50, G.55 fighters and the Fiat BR.20 bomber. In the 1950s, the company developed the Aeritalia G.91, a light ground attack aircraft. Fiat Aviazione subsequently merged with Aerfer to form the new company Aeritalia.

History of FIAT

• In 1899 FIAT was founded by a group of investors, among whom was Giovanni Agnelli
• In 1969 The Fiat group took control of the Lancia automobile company, founded in 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia.
• In the 1980s and especially in the 1990s, due to reliability problems, the prestige of the FIAT brand was greatly reduced. In 1984, FIAT was forced to leave the US market, in 1989 - from the Australian market. In the late 1990s, Fiat Auto (the automotive division of the concern) became unprofitable. Record losses reached in 2002 - 4.2 billion euros. In January 2003, the permanent president of the company, J. Agnelli Jr., died.
• In 2005 produced more than 1.697 million vehicles (4% less than in 2004). In 2005, Fiat S.p.A. fell by 17% to $55.1 billion, profit was $148 million.
• In 2005 FIAT was able to end the year with a profit for the first time in a long time. In 2006, FIAT's share of the European market rose to 7.6%. In 2007, the net profit of Fiat S.p.A. increased by 78% to 2.05 billion euros. In 2008, due to the global economic crisis, the group's profit decreased, but FIAT's share in the European market increased to 8.3%.
• In 2009 The company is facing serious financial difficulties. Losses of Fiat Group for the first half of 2009 amounted to 590 million euros, while for the same period a year earlier the company received a net profit of 1.07 billion euros. The company attributes the losses, in particular, to the global financial crisis.

Humor

There is an opinion that Fiat cars, despite their extraordinary and modern design, are known for their relatively low quality. In this regard, the name Fiat has become the occasion for a number of jokes: English speakers decipher Fiat as Fix It Again, Tony("fix it again, Tony"), the people of Germany - like Fehler In Allen Teilen(“defects in each node”), etc.

In the very early days of the automobile industry, all car manufacturers were, of course, independent of one another. But . As a result, more successful car companies began to buy competing car brands. Subsequently, the world's largest conglomerates began to be created in the automotive industry, which to this day are the largest auto companies in the world in terms of the number of products produced and, naturally, in terms of sales. Let's look at the current state of the global auto business. We invite you to find out which famous and popular ones are currently under the control of large corporations and auto alliances.

Abarth - owned by Fiat/Chrysler

Abarth was founded in 1949. Initially, the auto brand was engaged in the production of racing cars and the production of automotive components for powerful vehicles. In 1971, company founder Carlo Abat sold his brand to the company. Abarth is currently producing more powerful versions based on Fiat vehicles.

Alfa Romeo - Owned by Fiat/Chrysler

At the moment, the Audi brand is the largest part of the world's largest auto concern Volkswagen.

Bentley - Owned by Volkswagen

Ferrari - owned by Fiat

In 1969, Fiat acquired a 50% stake in Ferrari after a planned buyout of the Italian premium brand by Ford failed. Fiat eventually increased its shareholding to 90%. In 2014, Fiat Chrysler decided to separate the brand from the main group. As a result, the deal was completed in 2016, and the Agnelli family, who founded Fiat, became the largest shareholder of Ferrari.

Infiniti - Owned by Nissan

Lamborghini - owned by Volkswagen

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Lamborghini was owned by Chrysler. Currently part of the Volkswagen Group. Lamborghini became part of this company in 1998, when the brand came under control.

Land Rover - Owned by TATA

Land Rover has been owned by many well-known automobile brands throughout the long history of the automotive industry, ranging from and ending with the American company Ford. But in 2008, the Land Rover brand, along with Jaguar, came under the control of the Indian industrial giant Tata. Immediately after the takeover, the two independent brands and Jaguar were merged into one company.

Lexus - Owned by Toyota

Lexus is wholly owned by Toyota. The brand is the luxury division of a Japanese company. Like Acura, Infiniti, which are owned and respectively, the Lexus brand was brought to market to enter the US premium car market as well as the UK.

Lotus - Owned by Proton

Malaysian automaker Proton bought the company in 1993 from Italian businessman Romano Artioli (who owned Bugatti in those years). Today, the Lotus brand is still owned by Proton. The strangest thing is that Lotus cars are still produced and sold all over the world (mainly in England), while the production of cars under the Proton brand has been discontinued.

Maserati - Owned by Fiat-Chrysler

Maserati has been a 100% subsidiary of Fiat since 1993. Today it belongs to the Fiat-Chrysler automaker.

Mercedes - Owned by Daimler

Mercedes-Benz is the largest and most well-known automobile brand within the Daimler Corporation. Daimler also owns several commercial vehicle manufacturers.

MG - Owned by Saic

MG is owned by a Chinese company after MG Rover went bankrupt in 2005. Initially, the MG brand was bought by the Chinese company Nanjing Automobile, but then it was bought by the Shanghai company SAIC.

Mini - Owned by BMW

In 2000, BMW sold their MG, Rover and Land Rover brands, which were known to be part of the Rover Group. But in the sale, BMW retained control of Mini. As a result, today BMW, in addition to Rolls-Royce, retains control over the brand.

Mitsubishi - Owned by Nissan-Renault

Mitsubishi Motors is the automotive division of the Mitsubishi Group, which, in addition to auto production, is involved in projects in nuclear energy, banking and many other business areas. In October 2016, Nissan became the company's largest shareholder by purchasing a 34% stake. So Mitsubishi became part of the Renault-Nissan auto alliance.

Nissan - Owned by the Renault-Nissan Auto Alliance

After several years of financial difficulties, Nissan entered into an alliance with Renault in 1993. Technically, the two companies are separate. But the technologies, methods of work in the production of cars are the same. The autoalliance also has a single CEO, Carlos Ghosn. Nissan has a smaller stake in Renault, while Renault has a larger stake in Nissan, which is essentially a junior partner.

Porsche - Owned by Volkswagen

The car manufacturer is a subsidiary of Volkswagen.

Renault - Owned by the Renault-Nissan Alliance

Renault was once owned by the French government. In 1996 the company was privatized. But today, France still has a stake in Renault. Today, Renault is part of the world's largest auto alliance Renault-Nissan, which recently also included Mitsubishi.

Rolls-Royce - Owned by BMW

Rolls-Royce Motors was bought by Volkswagen in 1998. Five years later, the company was taken over by BMW.

Seat - Owned by Volkswagen

Since 1986 it has been the single largest car manufacturer in Spain. Since this year, the company has been part of Volkswagen.

Skoda - Owned by Volkswagen

Volkswagen began buying Skoda shares in 1991, at a time of great change in the former Czechoslovakia. Since 2000, Skoda has been wholly owned by the VW Group.

Smart - Owned by Daimler

Initially, the idea of ​​a radical city car was first proposed by the owner of watch manufacturer Swatch. Smart is now wholly owned by Daimler.

SsangYong - Owned by Mahindra & Mahindra

Although SsangYong is still based in South Korea, the main owner of the Korean auto brand is the Indian company Mahindra & Mahindra, which acquired a 70% stake in the Korean company in 2011.

Subaru - Owned by Fuji

Subaru is owned by Fuji Heavy Industries (FHI), which will soon change its name to Subaru Corporation. FHI has six independent automotive companies. The major shareholders of the company are Toyota and Suzuki. Suzuki has a large share.

Vauxhall / Opel - Owned by PSA (Citroen-Peugeot)

Vauxhall cars / despite the fact that they were positioned as British and German car brands, in fact, for a long time they were part of the world's largest automaker General Motors. General Motors has owned the Vauxhall/Opel brands since 1925. In March 2017, it was announced that the Vauxhall/Opel brands were being taken over by the Citroen-Peugeot Auto Alliance (PSA).

Volvo - Owned by Geely

After being a completely independent Swedish car brand for more than 70 years, Volvo became part of Ford in 2000, which 9 years later sold the Swedish brand to the Chinese company Geely.

Lada AvtoVAZ - Owned by Renault-Nissan Alliance and Rostec

In 2008, a controlling stake in the AvtoVAZ car plant was received by Renault.

GAZ - Owned by Basic Element, Oleg Deripaska

In 2000, a controlling stake in GAZ OJSC was acquired by Oleg Deripaska's Basic Element. In 2001, the Gorky Automobile Plant became part of the RusPromAvto auto holding.

On July 11, 1899, a new company was registered in Palazzo Bricherasio - “Società Anonima Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino”. The first plant of the company was opened already in 1900 in Corso Dante. The company employed 150 people who assembled 24 cars of the 3/12 HP model, which has one distinctive feature - the cars did not have a reverse gear.

In 1902, a racing-built Fiat 24 HP driven by Vincenzo Lancia won the Sassi-Superga hill climb competition.

Managing Director Giovanni Agnelli personally took part in the Second Tour of Italy and set the record with the 8 HP.

In 1908, Fiat settled in the United States, where it created a subsidiary, Fiat Automobile Co.

The product range is expanding: in addition to passenger cars, the company's production program now includes commercial vehicles, marine engines, trucks and trams.

Within a few years, Fiat completely updated its products: for the first time, batteries appeared on the company's cars. The use of a transmission with cardan joints patented by FIAT began.

Fiat racing cars continued to win various competitions and set several records.

In 1916, the construction of the Lingotto factory began, which was led by Giacomo Mate Trucco (Giacomo Mattè Trucco). The plant became the largest in Europe. The huge building had 5 floors, and on the roof there was a track for testing cars. The construction of the plant was completed in 1922. Having entered service, he became a symbol of the automotive industry in Italy.

At the beginning of the war, the company's products were almost completely reoriented to military needs.

After the war, it took several years to return production to a peaceful course and overcome the crisis, but already in 1923 growth resumed thanks, first of all, to a competent tax policy.

The 509, the company's first 4-seater, was launched into production.

The main activity of the company was the mass production of cars. Only mass production made it possible to significantly reduce the final cost of the product. The Sava holding was formed to promote car sales.

In 1934 and 1936, two models were born that found the strongest response among buyers: "Balilla", nicknamed "Tariffa minima" for its economy.

And the smallest utility car in the world is the Topolino, which lasted on the assembly line until 1955.

The war led to a significant decline in the production of passenger cars, but at the same time, the production of commercial vehicles expanded significantly. With the release of two new models - 500

and 1400, Fiat has confirmed its commitment to research and innovation.

For the first time, ventilation and heating systems were installed on mass-produced cars.

Research continued in the field of marine engines, as well as in the field of aircraft construction: in 1951, the G80 appeared - the first jet aircraft created in Italy.

In 1955, the Fiat 600 was born - a large utility car with a rear-engine layout.

And in 1957, the New 500 began to roll off the assembly lines. In 1960, this model appeared in the ‘Giardinetta’ version, which became the predecessor of the station wagon cars of the company.

In addition, the Fiat 1800 appeared during these years, then the Fiat 1300 and Fiat 1500.

In 1971 after the Fiat 850,

... the Model 127 appeared.

In 1979, the independent company Fiat Auto S.p.A. appeared, which included the following brands: Fiat, Lancia, Autobianchi, Abarth and Ferrari. Initially, the company owned only 50% of Ferrari. Later, this share increased to 87%. In 1984, the Alfa Romeo brand also became part of the company, and in 1993, the prestigious Maserati sports car brand.

In 1980, the Fiat Panda, designed by the Giugiaro design studio, saw the light of day.

And two years later, the Fiat Uno appeared. The most advanced technologies, innovative electronics, the latest materials and environmentally friendly 1000 Fire engines were used in the car.

Another successful model - Tipo - appeared in 1989. For the advanced technical solutions applied in it, she was awarded the title of “Car of the year”.

Fiat Tempra debuted in 1990

A year later, in 1991, the 500 appeared.

In 1993, it was the turn of the Fiat Punto (it received the title of "Car of the Year 1995") and the Fiat Coupé. Its design was developed by Pininfarina in collaboration with Centro Stile Fiat.

With the Fiat Ulysse, which appeared in 1994, the company entered one of the most dynamically developing market segments - the segment of minivans.

In 1995, the Barchetta, Bravo and Brava models debuted.

The following year they were joined by Fiat Marea and Fiat Marea WE, and in 1997 by Fiat Palio.

1998 was marked by the advent of the remarkable city car Fiat Seicento,

As well as the Multipla model, which was distinguished by its exceptional versatility.

Two years later, at the Paris Motor Show, the Fiat Doblò was presented, a modern universal car that also had a commercial version.

In addition, the company's factory in Brazil began production of three "worldwide" models at once: Palio, Palio Weekend and Siena.

In 2001, the production of the Fiat Stilo began, which featured modern design, advanced technology and many luxury options.

2003 was a tragic year for the company - Giovanni Agnelli, who headed it for almost half a century, died.

In the same year (ten years after the debut of the model), the new Punto appeared with an innovative 1.3 Multijet 16v engine, as well as a seriously updated Barchetta.

The Fiat Idea was not only the first MPV created by Fiat, but also the first to wear the new round badge that was created at Fiat's Centro Stile to commemorate the company's 100th anniversary.

In 2005, production began on the new Croma, designed by Giugiaro, the new Fiat 600 (in the year of the 60th anniversary of the launch of the original model) and the beautiful, solid and exciting Grande Punto.

2006 saw the release of the new Doblò and Sedici, the 4x4xTUTTI urban crossover that became the official car of the 2006 Winter Olympics.

There was also an updated Panda 2007 model year with an extended range of modifications.

2007 began with the launch of the new Bravo, the first to wear the redesigned Fiat badge.

The new Bravo and the new logo have confirmed the new direction of the company.

In the same year, the Fiat 500 was reincarnated. With the light hand of the designers, the car was transformed: the classic forms received a new reading.

In 2011, the FIAT Freemont crossover saw the light of day - the result of a collaboration between Chrysler and Fiat engineers. The car is a balanced family car with a modern European design and offering its owner a high level of comfort.