1. Requirements for marking vehicles (chassis) with an identification number
1.1. Each vehicle (chassis) must be affixed by the manufacturer with an identification number that is unique for at least 30 years.
1.2. The content of the identification number of the vehicle (chassis).
1.2.1. The identification number contains 17 characters, which can be Arabic numerals from 0 to 9 and letters of the Latin alphabet, except for the letters I, O and Q.
1.2.2. The first three positions of the identification number must contain the international identification code of the manufacturer. Accounting and control of the assignment of the international identification code of the manufacturer is the responsibility of the International Organization for Standardization*.
Note:
* Currently assigned by the International Organization for Standardization to an international public organization - the Society of Automotive Engineers (Society of Automotive Engineers) USA, which fixes certain identification
codes for different regions and countries. The assignment of international identification codes to manufacturers is carried out by the competent authority of the country in whose territory the manufacturer is registered as a business entity. If the manufacturer produces less than 500 vehicles (chassis) per year, the number 9 is used in the 3rd position of the identification number. In this case, the 12th, 13th and 14th characters of the identification number are also assigned by the competent authority of the country in whose territory the manufacturer is registered as a legal entity.
1.2.3. Positions of the identification number from 4th to 9th inclusive are used to encode the main features of the vehicle. The choice of characters for coding and their sequence is determined by the manufacturer.
1.2.4. At the 10th position of the identification number, the manufacturer can indicate the year of manufacture or model year of the vehicle (chassis), or use this position at its discretion. Codes for designating the year of manufacture or model year must be assigned in accordance with the table.
Codes for the designation of the year of manufacture (model year)
1.2.5. At the 11th position of the identification number, the manufacturer can indicate the code of the assembly plant or use this position at his discretion.
1.2.6. Positions of the identification number from the 12th to the 17th inclusive are used by the manufacturer to set the serial number of a specific vehicle (chassis), taking into account the requirements of paragraph 3 of paragraph 1.2.2 of this Appendix.
1.2.7. Positions of the identification number from the 15th to the 17th inclusive are filled in only with Arabic numerals.
1.3. Formation of vehicle identification number in special cases.
1.3.1. The manufacturer, which is a legal entity formed in accordance with the legislation of a member state of the Customs Union, using purchased chassis or base vehicles of another manufacturer for the production of vehicles, forms and applies a new identification number to such vehicles, different from the identification number of the purchased chassis. The previously assigned chassis (parent vehicle) identification number must be retained on the vehicle.
1.3.2. The manufacturer of the vehicle, which is the result of individual technical creativity, puts on it an identification number assigned by the authorized body of the state - a member of the Customs Union.
1.4. Application by the manufacturer of the identification number on the vehicle (chassis).
1.4.1. The identification number is applied in at least one place on the frame or part of the body that is not easily removable.
1.4.2. The identification number must be marked clearly, in a manner that ensures its durability and excludes easy change of its characters. The identification number is applied without spaces between characters.
1.4.3. The height of the signs of the identification number must be at least 7 mm for vehicles (chassis) of categories M, N, O and at least 4 mm for vehicles of category L.
1.4.4. It is allowed to apply the identification number in one or two lines. In the case of drawing an identification number in two lines, the characters from the 1st to the 9th inclusive are located on the first line; characters from the 10th to the 17th inclusive are located on the second line. At the beginning and at the end of the lines, a separator must be put down, which is set by the manufacturer of the vehicles (chassis) (for example, the sign "*").
1.4.5. The identification number, if possible, should be applied on the right side, in the front half of the vehicle (chassis), in an easily readable place.
1.5. Indication of the identification number in the documents for the vehicle (chassis).
1.5.1. The identification number indicated in the documents for the vehicle (chassis) must be located on one line without spaces or separators.
2. Requirements for vehicle manufacturer's plates (chassis), the conformity assessment of which is carried out in the form of type approval
2.1. The manufacturer's plate must be placed in a place convenient for reading - a part of the vehicle (chassis) that cannot be replaced during operation, and must not be removed without the use of a special tool. For vehicles of category L, it is allowed to have an additional plate, based on the possibilities of the layout of the vehicle. The manufacturer's plate must be rectangular in shape with dimensions that allow, in general, to place the following information in Russian and (or) a foreign language:
1) name of the manufacturer;
2) vehicle identification number;
3) technically permissible maximum weight of the vehicle;
4) the technically permissible maximum mass of the road train, if the vehicle can be used to tow a trailer (semi-trailer);
5) the technically permissible maximum weight per axle of the vehicle, starting from the front axle;
6) technically permissible maximum load on the fifth wheel (indicated for a semi-trailer);
7) vehicle type approval number (chassis type approval). It is allowed not to indicate the distribution, extension and correction codes of the vehicle type approval (chassis type approval).
If the technically permissible maximum weight, indicated in accordance with subparagraphs 3), 4) and 5) of this paragraph, exceeds the corresponding permitted maximum weight (Appendix No. 5 to this technical regulation), then the mass values are indicated in two columns: technically permissible maximum weight - in the left column; the permitted maximum weight is in the right column.
For vehicles of category L, it is allowed to indicate only the information contained in subparagraphs 1) and 7).
For the chassis, only the information contained in subparagraphs 1), 2) and 7) is indicated.
2.2. The information contained in subparagraphs 1) - 7) of paragraph 2.1 may, at the choice of the manufacturer, be partially located on an additional plate (sticker) located below or to the side of the main plate. This additional plate may also contain a single sign of product circulation on the market of the member states of the Customs Union.
2.3. The plates referred to in paragraphs 2.1 and 2.2 may be made in the form of stickers, which must be destroyed when attempting to remove them mechanically.
2.4. The information on the manufacturer's plate(s) must be printed clearly and in a manner that prevents abrasion. For vehicles (chassis) of categories M, N, O, the identification number on the manufacturer's plate(s) must be printed in a font size of at least 4 mm. For vehicles of category L, the identification number on the manufacturer's plate(s) must be in a font size of at least 3 mm.
2.5. If the information on the manufacturer's plate is presented in a foreign language, its translation must be given in the operating manual (instruction).
3. Requirements for the marking of vehicle components put into circulation as replacement (spare) parts
3.1. Vehicle components put into circulation as replacement (spare) parts must contain in their marking:
name or trademark of the manufacturer;
information on specific design characteristics affecting safety (if any);
official approval mark "E" or "e" or a single mark of product circulation on the market of the member states of the Customs Union.
4. Ensuring the possibility of identifying vehicles by state registration plates
4.1. On each vehicle of categories M and N, places for installation of one front and one rear state registration plate of the established dimensions must be provided. On each vehicle of categories L and O, places for installation of one rear state registration plate of the established dimensions must be provided.
4.2. The place for installing the state registration plate must be a flat vertical surface and must be located in such a way that the obstruction of the state registration plate by the elements of the vehicle structure is excluded. At the same time, state registration plates must not reduce the angles of the front and rear overhangs of the vehicle, cover external lighting and signaling devices, or protrude beyond the side clearance of the vehicle.
4.3. The installation location of the rear state registration plate must ensure that the following conditions are met:
4.3.1. The state registration plate must be installed along the axis of symmetry of the vehicle or to the left of it in the direction of the vehicle.
4.3.2. The state registration plate must be installed perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle + - 3 degrees and perpendicular to the reference plane of the vehicle + - 5 degrees.
However, if the design of the vehicle does not allow the installation of the state registration plate perpendicular to the reference plane of the vehicle, then for the state registration plates, the height of the upper edge of which from the supporting surface is not more than 1200 mm, it is allowed to increase the deviation from the vertical plane up to 30 degrees, if the surface on which the state registration plate is installed, facing up and 15 degrees if this surface is facing down.
4.3.3. For a vehicle in running order, the height from the reference plane of the lower edge of the state registration plate for vehicles other than those belonging to category L must be at least 300 mm, for vehicles of category L it must be at least 200 mm, and the height of its upper edges should be no more than 1200 mm.
However, if the design of the vehicle does not allow ensuring the height of the state registration plate indicated in the first paragraph of this paragraph, it is allowed to place it in such a way that the height of its upper edge exceeds 1200 mm as much as possible.
4.3.4. The state registration plate must be visible in a space limited by four planes forming visibility angles of at least: up - 15 degrees, down - 0 degrees, left and right - 30 degrees.
4.3.5. It should be possible to read the rear state registration plate from a distance of at least 20 m at night, provided that it is illuminated by standard lamps provided for by the design of the vehicle for this purpose. This requirement does not apply to inscriptions indicating nationality, and "TRANSIT", as well as to the image of the national flag of a state - a member of the Customs Union.
They represent an identical text of international standards ISO 3779-83 “Road transport. Vehicle identification number. Content and structure”, ISO 3780-83 “Road transport. International identification code of manufacturers”, ISO 4030-83 “Road transport. Vehicle identification number. Location and installation»
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Ccontent
GOST R 51980-2002
STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Vehicles
MARKING
General technical requirements
vehicles. Marking.
General technical requirements
Introduction date 2004-01-01
1 area of use
This standard establishes general technical requirements for the content of the identification number (code) and the plate of the vehicle manufacturer (hereinafter referred to as the TC), as well as their location on the TC and the method of applying code marks.
2 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms apply with their respective definitions:
2.1 vehicles (TC): Motor vehicles and wheeled self-propelled vehicles of other types.
2.2 vehicle identification number (code) - Vehicle Identification Number, VIN (hereinafter referred to as the VIN code): A structural combination of characters assigned to the vehicle for the purpose of its identification.
2.3 manufacturer's international identification code - World Manufacturer Identifier, WMI (hereinafter referred to as the WMI code): The first section of the V codeIN, denoting the manufacturer of the vehicle. A WMI code is assigned to a vehicle manufacturer for the purpose of identifying that manufacturer. The WMI code, when used in conjunction with the remaining sections of the VIN code, ensures the uniqueness of the latter for all vehicles produced within 30 years in all countries of the world.
2.4 descriptive part of the VIN code - Vehicle Descriptor Section, VDS: The second section of the VIN code. Contains information describing the main features of the vehicle. In this section of the VIN code, the vehicle type, type variants and versions can be indicated.
2.5 index part of the VIN code - Vehicle Indicator Section, VIS: The third section of the VIN code. Consists of a combination of characters assigned by the manufacturer in order to distinguish one vehicle from another. This section of the VIN code, together with the VDS, provides a unique identification of all vehicles produced by each manufacturer over a period of 30 years.
2.6 manufacturer: Person or organization responsible for a vehicle assembled to a state of readiness for operation. The manufacturer is also responsible for the uniqueness of the VIN code.
2.7 delimiter: A character, character, or other boundary designation that can be used to delimit sections of a VIN code or mark its beginning and end. Separators must be such that they cannot be mistaken for Arabic numerals or Latin letters.
2.8 year of issue: The calendar year in which the vehicle was manufactured.
2.9 model year: The conditional year indicated by the manufacturer (usually following the actual year of manufacture of the vehicle).
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Requirements for the structure and content of the VIN code
3.1.1 The VIN code consists of three sections:
International manufacturer identification code (WMI code);
Narrative part (VDS);
Index part (VIS).
Note - Examples of constructing VIN codes are given in.
3.1.2 As the characters that make up the VIN code, use:
Arabic numerals - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0;
Latin letters - A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z.
Note - The letters I, O and Q are not used.
3.1.3 WMI codes are maintained and controlled by an International Agency under the supervision of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Note - Currently, the functions of such an agency are entrusted to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), located at 400, Commonwealth Drive, Warren-dale, PA 15096-0001, USA.
3.1.4 WMI codes are assigned (in agreement with the International Agency) by the competent authority of the country in which the manufacturer has its main production facilities. Each manufacturer can be assigned multiple WMI codes.
Note - In the Russian Federation, this body is FSUE NAMI (Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Research Automobile and Automotive Institute), located at the address: 125438, Moscow, Avtomotornaya st., 2.
3.1.5 A WMI code assigned to a manufacturer must not be re-assigned to another manufacturer for at least 30 years after the last year in which the code was used.
3.1.6 The WMI code consists of three characters.
3.1.6.1 The first character of the WMI code may be a letter or a number. It denotes a geographic area. Several signs can correspond to the same geographical area.
3.1.6.2 The second character of the WMI code may be a letter or a number. It denotes a country located in the above geographic area. Several characters can correspond to the same country. To uniquely identify a country, a combination of the first and second characters is used. The combination(s) of the first and second characters is assigned to each country by the International Agency (3.1.3).
3.1.6.3 The third character of the WMI code may be a letter or a number. It is assigned to each specific manufacturer by the competent authority of the country (3.1.4). Unique identification of a particular manufacturer is provided by a combination of the first, second, and third characters of the WMI code. To designate a manufacturer producing less than 500 vehicles per year, the number 9 is used as the third character of the WMI code. For such a manufacturer, a combination of characters identifying a particular manufacturer is affixed to the third, fourth and fifth positions of the VIS. This combination is assigned by the competent authority of the country.
3.1.7 The descriptive part of the VDS code VIN consists of characters (letters or numbers) placed in six positions. The choice of characters for coding and their sequence are determined by the manufacturer.
If one or more positions are not used for VDS encoding, letters or numbers at the choice of the manufacturer are placed in their place.
3.1.8 The indicative part of the VIS code VIN consists of eight characters, the last four of them must be digits. All unused positions must be filled with zeros.
It is allowed to indicate the year of manufacture (model year) and / or assembly plant in this section of the VIN code. In this case, it is recommended to place the code of the year of manufacture (model year) in the first position of the section, and the code of the assembly plant in the second position. If the model year code is indicated in the VIS, then this should be indicated in the documents containing the description of the VIN code.
Codes for the designation of the year of manufacture (model year) are given in.
3.1.9 Separators are at the discretion of the manufacturer. Should not be used as delimiters
use the letters and numbers used to form the VIN () code, as well as any characters that could be mistaken for these letters and numbers. Separators are used at the boundaries of each line of the VIN code applied according to 3.2.3. It is also allowed to use delimiters to delimit sections of the identification number. Separators are not used in documents.
3.2 Requirements for setting the VIN code
3.2.1 Only one VIN code can be assigned to one vehicle.
3.2.2 The VIN code indicated in the documents must be located on one line without spaces (see also 3.1.9).
3.2.3 The VIN code is applied to the vehicle manufacturer's plate, as well as to the frame, chassis or body part that is not easily removable, in one or two lines without spaces and section breaks.
3.2.4 The VIN code applied to the vehicle is placed on the right side of the vehicle, if possible in its front half, in an easily readable place.
3.2.5 The characters of the VIN code must be clear, durable and protected from easy change.
3.2.6 The VIN code applied to the vehicle is located on the frame, chassis or part of the body that is not easily removable.
3.2.7 The height of the letters and numbers of the VIN code is as follows:
Not less than 7 mm when applied to the chassis, frame, body and other parts of the vehicle;
Not less than 4 mm in all other cases.
3.2.8 It is allowed to additionally apply visible and (or) invisible markings to the Vehicle containing either the VIN code or its descriptive (VDS) and indicative (VIS) parts.
3.3 Manufacturer's plate requirements
3.3.1 The manufacturer's plate must be firmly fixed in a visible and easily accessible place on the part of the vehicle that cannot be replaced during operation. It must clearly and in a manner that excludes erasure present the following information:
Manufacturer's name;
Number of "type approval" of the vehicle, assigned in the prescribed manner;
VIN code;
The maximum allowable weight of the vehicle;
The maximum allowable mass of the road train, if the vehicle is used to tow a trailer (semi-trailer);
Maximum allowable axle loads, starting from the front axle;
The maximum permissible load on the fifth wheel coupling (in the case of a semi-trailer).
Note - For foreign-made vehicles, it is allowed to indicate the number of the “general European type approval” - Whole Vehicle Type Approval, WVTA, as the “type approval” number. In this case, the vehicle is additionally marked with the Mark of Conformity and the "type approval" number in accordance with the established procedure for and.
3.3.2 The manufacturer may place additional information on the plate. This information shall appear below or to the side of the rectangle containing the inscriptions listed in 3.3.1.
APPENDIX A
(reference)
Examples of constructing an identification number (code) VIN
Figure A. 1
Figure A.2
APPENDIX B
(mandatory)
Codes for the designation of the year of manufacture (model year )
Table B.1
|
Year of manufacture (model year) |
Year of manufacture (model year) |
Year code (model year) |
Year of manufacture (model year) |
Year code (model year) |
Year of manufacture (model year) |
Year code (model year) |
|
|
1971 |
1981 |
1991 |
2001 |
||||
|
1972 |
1982 |
1992 |
2002 |
||||
|
1973 |
1983 |
1993 |
2003 |
||||
|
1974 |
1984 |
1994 |
2004 |
||||
|
1975 |
1985 |
1995 |
2005 |
||||
|
1976 |
1986 |
1996 |
2006 |
||||
|
1977 |
Marking of vehicles (TC) is divided into main and additional. The main marking of vehicles and their components is mandatory and is carried out by their manufacturers. In the case of the manufacture of a vehicle by several enterprises in series, it is permissible to apply the main marking of the vehicle only by the manufacturer of the final product. The main marking is carried out on the following products:Trucks, including specialized and special ones on their chassis, tractors with an onboard platform, as well as multi-purpose vehicles and special wheeled chassis; Content and place of the main markingIn addition to the fact that the vehicle, chassis and engines must have a trademark in accordance with GOST 26828, and products subject to mandatory certification must have a mark of conformity in accordance with GOST R 50460, a special marking of the vehicle and its components is carried out. Vehicle markingA. Directly on the product (non-removable part), in places least susceptible to destruction in a traffic accident, the vehicle identification number - VIN must be applied. One of the selected places should be on the right side (in the direction of the vehicle). VIN is applied: B. The vehicle, as a rule, should have a plate, located at the front if possible, containing the following data: Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) - a combination of digital and alphabetic symbols assigned for identification purposes, is a mandatory element of marking and is individual for each vehicle for 30 years. The VIN has the following structure: WMI VDS VIS The first part of the VIN (the first three characters) is the international manufacturer identification code (WMI), which allows you to identify the manufacturer of the vehicle and consists of three letters or letters and numbers. In accordance with ISO 3780, the letters and numbers used in the first two characters of WMI are assigned to the country and controlled by an international agency - the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), operating under the guidance of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The distribution of the first two characters characterizing the zone and country of origin, according to SAE, is given in Appendix 1. The first character (geographical area code) is a letter or number that represents a particular geographic area. The second character (country code) is a letter or number that identifies a country in a specific geographic area. More than one character may be used to indicate a country, if necessary. Only the combination of the first and second characters guarantees the unambiguous identification of the country. The third character is a letter or number that is assigned to the manufacturer by the National Authority. In Russia, such an organization is the Central Research Automobile and Automotive Institute (NAMI), located at the address: Russia, 125438, Moscow, st. Avtomotornaya, house 2, which assigns WMI as a whole. Only the combination of the first, second and third characters provides an unambiguous identification of the vehicle manufacturer - the International Manufacturer Identity (WMI). The number 9 as the third character is used by National Organizations when it is necessary to characterize a manufacturer that produces less than 500 cars per year. International Manufacturer Codes (WMI) are listed in Annex 2. The second part of the VIN - the descriptive part of the identification number (VDS) consists of six characters (if the vehicle index consists of less than six characters, then zeros are put in the blank spaces of the last characters of the VDS (on the right), indicating, as a rule, the model and modification of the vehicle, according to design documentation (CD). The third part of the VIN - the indicative part of the identification number (VIS) - consists of eight characters (numbers and letters), of which the last four characters must be digits. The first character VIS indicates the code of the year of manufacture of the vehicle (see Appendix 3), the subsequent characters indicate the serial number of the vehicle assigned by the manufacturer. Several WMIs can be assigned to a manufacturer, but the same number cannot be assigned to another vehicle manufacturer for at least 30 years from the moment it was first used by the previous (first) manufacturer. Marking of vehicle componentsInternal combustion engines, as well as the chassis and cabins of trucks, car bodies and engine blocks must be marked with an identification number of the component (CH). The identification number of the MF consists of two structural parts, the number of characters and the rules for the formation of which are similar to VDS and VIS VIN. The identification number of the SC on the chassis frame and the cab of the truck should be applied, if possible, in the front part, on the right side, in one place, allowing it to be seen from outside the vehicle. Engines are marked on the engine block in one place. Engine blocks are marked in one place, while the first part of the SC identification number, similar to VDS, may not be indicated. Content and place of additional markingAdditional marking of the vehicle provides for the application of the VDS and VIS identification number of the vehicle, visible and invisible to the eye (visible and invisible marking). Visible marking is applied to the outer surface, as a rule, of the following components of the vehicle: Invisible marking is applied, as a rule, on: Technical requirements for markingThe method of performing the main and additional visible markings must ensure the clarity of the image and its safety throughout the entire period of operation of the vehicle in the conditions and modes established in the design documentation. The identification numbers of the vehicle and the midrange should use the letters of the Latin alphabet (except for I, O and Q) and Arabic numerals. The font of letters the enterprise chooses from the types of fonts established in regulatory documents, taking into account the accepted technological process. The font of the numbers should exclude the possibility of deliberate replacement of one number with another. The identification numbers of the vehicle and the midrange, as well as signs of additional marking, must be displayed in one or two lines. When displaying an identification number in two lines, none of its components is allowed to be divided by a hyphen. At the beginning and end of the line (lines) there must be a sign (symbol, plate bounding box, etc.), which is chosen by the enterprise and must differ from the numbers and letters of the marking. The selected sign is described in the technical documentation. There should be no spaces between characters and lines of the identification number. It is allowed to separate the constituent parts of the identification number by the selected character. Note. When citing an identification number in text documents, the selected character may not be affixed. When performing the main marking, the height of letters and numbers must be at least: a) in the identification numbers of the vehicle and SC: b) in the rest of the marking data - 2.5 mm. The identification number of the main marking should be applied to surfaces that have traces of mechanical processing provided for by the technological process. The plates must comply with the requirements of GOST 12969, GOST 12970, GOST 12971 and be attached to the product using, as a rule, a permanent connection. Additional invisible marking is carried out using a special technology and becomes visible in the light of ultraviolet rays. When marking is performed, the structure of the material on which it is applied should not be violated. It is not allowed to destroy and (or) change the marking during the repair of the vehicle and its components. Methods for applying marking are not specified by the standards and can be either manual or mechanized. With the manual method of marking, by hitting the stamp with a hammer, an indented image of a number, letter, asterisk or other sign is obtained on a panel or platform. In this case, the order of applying signs is chosen by the worker. As a result of manual stuffing, signs are shifted horizontally and vertically, there is a deviation of the vertical axes, a template can be used to eliminate this. In this case, the depth of the marking digits is not the same. Mechanized marking is carried out in two ways: impact and knurling. Both methods have their own characteristics. So, in a microscopic examination of the marking made by rolling, traces of the entrance of the working part of the stamp from one side and its exit from the other side of the sign are visible. With the impact method, the working part of the brand moves strictly vertically. Quite often, with a mechanized method of marking, especially on aluminum blocks, there is a "shortage", as a result of which the marking marks are too small or barely noticeable. In such cases, manual finishing or re-mechanized is performed. With manual finishing, accompanying signs appear. With repeated mechanized application, double outlines with the same character shift can be seen. With the combined method of marking, part of the signs is applied mechanized, and the rest are achieved manually. This option is characterized by features of both methods. Additional marking is applied, as a rule, by sandblasting or milling car parts made of glass, or by applying special markings containing phosphors to the interior elements of the car. In the first case, the marking is observed visually without the help of special devices, in the second case, the use of an ultraviolet lamp is required to detect it. Examples of marking of vehicles of domestic and foreign productionThis section provides examples of the location of the marking of units of VAZ, GAZ and Peugeot cars. Cars produced in the early 80s and earlier may have markings that differ from those shown below, which was due to the lack of uniform requirements for it. In this case, it is necessary to refer to the special reference literature. The location of the marking places for some foreign-made cars is given in Appendix 3. Volzhsky Automobile Plant. Let's give an example of marking models VAZ - 2108, VAZ - 2109, VAZ - 21099. XTA - international identification code of the manufacturer (for VAZ - XTA); Structure and content of the engine markingEngine marking is applied to special milling pads of engine blocks. The block is cast from special gray cast iron. The marking process is mechanized. On the engines of the VAZ-2108, VAZ-21081, VAZ-21083 models, the marking is applied on the upper part of the rear wall of the block from the flywheel side to the left in the direction of the car in a single line in PO-5 font. It contains the model designation and the seven-digit serial number of the engine enclosed between two asterisks and being through for these models. The sprockets fit into a circle with a diameter of 3.0 mm. Cylinder blocks supplied as spare parts are not marked. In the event of an erroneous application of the marking sign, the overwriting is done manually using stamps and a mandrel. The sign is hammered with a special pin and a new one is stuffed. In case of erroneous application of the entire number (or several characters), it is cut off with an emery wheel of a grinding machine to the depth of the relief image and then a new number is stuffed. If only a part of the sign (signs) is displayed in relief, then its not displayed part is stuffed manually. Characters of the technological number that are not displayed are not stuffed. Body marking is applied with the help of a marker by impact method. From October 1 of each year, the letter designation of the next calendar year is entered into the identification number. The body for spare parts is always produced with its own number, and the marked body parts for spare parts are produced without a number. If the marking sign goes beyond the marking field ("floats" in height) or is applied erroneously, then it is minted and a new sign is manually stuffed. In the same way, a mistake on a painted body is corrected: after stuffing the sign and stripping it, it is painted over. Vehicles intended for export may be fitted with additional plates with approval marks. The plates are fastened to the body with single-sided rivets, less often with self-tapping screws. Gorky Automobile Plant. Let's give an example of marking for the GAZ-3102, GAZ-31029 models and their modifications. Structure and content of the identification numberXTH - international identification code of the manufacturer (XTH- for GAS); Peugeot models - 205, 305 since 1983 and models 309, 405, 505 and 605 have the body number in the gutter on the right side of the front body panel flare or on the right front fender mudguard under the hood. Peugeot has been using a 17-position chassis number (VIN) for its models since July 1981. For example: Methods and signs of changing marking dataThis section discusses ways to change markings outside of manufacturers, which should be distinguished from corrections of erroneously applied characters, all markings in general at the manufacturer. It also lists signs that may indicate a change in labeling. When they are found, it is necessary to determine what caused them. Some signs are formed both during manual stuffing or error correction at the manufacturer, and during falsification of marking data. The other part is only for fake. The issue of forgery can be resolved by conducting an appropriate study in the forensic unit. Methods and signs of changing body markingsThe main ways to change the marking of the body can be divided into two groups A and B. For the group of methods A, accompanied by the destruction of the primary marking, it is typical to remove a section, part or all of the marking panel and replace them with others. To identify the vehicle in this case, a comprehensive analysis is required. When using methods for changing the marking of group B, the primary marking or its traces are preserved and, in principle, its detection is possible. Group B includes the following common ways to change marking data, which are achieved by: Signs indicating a change in body markings include: Methods and signs of changing the marking of enginesTo destroy the marking of the engine of cars of any brand, the following main methods are used: Signs of changing engine markings include: Marking research toolsMethods for falsifying marking data determine methods for searching and analyzing "foreign defects" in the metal structure under a layer of paint and varnish coating (LCP), such as the presence of a weld, putty elements of signs, imitation of spot welding, etc. In some cases, the identification of the fact of a change in marking does not cause serious difficulties and can be carried out during the inspection process. However, there are cases when a successful solution of the problem without violating the integrity of parts is possible only when using non-destructive testing devices or special methods. A prerequisite for identifying signs of a change in the markings of units and assemblies of the vehicle by traffic police officers is to maintain the integrity of the paintwork. Consider some non-destructive testing devices. Eddy current flaw detectorsOne of the first eddy current devices designed specifically for solving traffic police problems is the Contrast-M device (Voronezh). The device is designed for prompt detection of signs of marking data on the body parts of vehicles. The device allows you to detect changes in the thickness of the paintwork, soldering, sticking or welding of metal fragments with changed marking data. The principle of operation of the device is based on the excitation of eddy currents in the metal and the registration of deviations of the secondary electromagnetic field created by these currents due to changes in the marking data. According to the test results, the small-sized vortex flaw detector MVD-2 (3) (Kazan) has also proven itself well. Its functionality can be improved by using a sensor that has a small, almost point-like working surface (surface of contact with the controlled sample). Therefore, with the help of MIA-2(3), it is possible, for example, to determine the presence of filling of individual elements of signs when correcting signs with a similar configuration. The VI-96N eddy current indicator has been developed at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI). Devices MVD-2(3) and VI-96N have practically the same technical capabilities, but unlike the device "Contrast-M" they allow to detect: The VI-96N device is more convenient in operation (it has automatic adjustment to the controlled surface, sensitivity threshold adjustment). VI-96N is recommended by the GUGAI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to traffic police officers for the operational check of the location of the markings of motor vehicle bodies and to employees of expert divisions as a technical means of preliminary verification by non-destructive testing. Eddy current flaw detectors make it possible to detect marking changes associated with welding a section of a panel with a different marking, replacing a part of a panel, superimposing a panel fragment with a secondary marking on the primary marking. The method of work is determined by the method of changing the marking of the body. As a rule, first of all, the panel sections adjacent to the marking place are examined. The operation of the sound and (or) light alarm of the device indicates the presence of a continuous metal defect in the form of a weld or a crack (in the case of a panel fragment with a new marking applied to the old marking), the presence of dissimilar metals on the panel under study (for example, steel - brass, in in case of overlaying a layer of tin or brass over the primary marking), etc. If it was not possible to detect defects in the area adjacent to the marking area, the presence (absence) of a welded seam along the entire length of the air intake box shelf is checked. Such a seam may appear as a result of replacing part of the panel. When working with eddy current flaw detectors, it must be remembered that the alarm may be triggered by cracks that have arisen in the process of straightening (repair, straightening) of the panel under study. As a rule, these cracks are located in a chaotic order, and therefore their differentiation does not cause any particular difficulties. Experience in the operation of these technical means shows that they are most suitable for the needs of practical workers (portability, the ability to work in the field, versatility, etc.). Magnetic particle flaw detectorsThe use of this method assumes the presence of a permanent magnet of a certain configuration and a suspension of iron powder with water (powder consumption 20-30 g per 1 liter of water). Portable samples of equipment of the MDE-20Ts type, developed at TSNIITMash, include a rectifier, a connecting cable and an electromagnet. Overall dimensions of the device 150x150x100 mm, weight up to 5 kg. To detect a possible change in the marking of the body, it is enough to apply a small amount of the suspension to the area under study, where a magnetic field is created. If the panel has welds or other similar defects formed when the marking has been changed, the magnetic particles will clearly outline the contours of this damage. Magnetic particle flaw detectors make it possible to detect marking changes associated with welding a section of a panel, replacing a part of a panel, superimposing a panel fragment with a new marking on an existing marking. The undoubted advantages of the method are simplicity and clarity. X-ray flaw detectorsThe stationary X-ray complex "Rentgen-30-2" (MNPO "Spektr") allows you to detect changes in the marking associated with the welding of a panel section with a new marking, the replacement of a part of the panel, the overlay of a panel fragment with a new marking on the existing marking, can be operated in stationary conditions or mounted on the chassis of van trucks, has a significant weight and overall dimensions. Portable X-ray flaw detectors of the MIRA-2D type (or similar imported ones) allow solving similar problems, but have significantly smaller overall dimensions and weight. To study the panel with portable X-ray flaw detectors, the device is placed above the area under study (usually starting from the marking area), and an x-ray film is placed below, under the panel. After transillumination, the film is processed in a standard way, and the obtained images are analyzed. The advantage of such devices is that in some cases they can be used to identify the primary marking of the body (if it was not destroyed in the process of changing it). Devices of this group are used in forensic units. Magnetic thickness gaugesMagnetic thickness gauge MT-41NU designed by MNPO "Spektr" is designed to measure the thickness of non-magnetic coatings (putty, tin, brass, etc.) deposited on ferromagnetic bases; has overall dimensions of 127x200x280 mm and a weight of 3.5 kg. Using this device, it is possible to detect marking changes associated with the application of a layer of putty, tin, brass or other dia- and paramagnetic coatings (for example, epoxy resin) over the primary marking. Establishing the fact of changing the marking of the body in this case is carried out by measuring the thickness of the non-magnetic coating applied to the steel panel at the location of the marking and at several points remote from it. Implementation of the proposed method is possible due to the fact that the thickness of the substance layer deposited on top of the marking area, as a result of the manipulations, becomes significantly greater than its thickness in distant places. The practice of researching vehicle marking data has developed in such a way that the objects of research are only marking areas with symbols printed on them, and nameplates. Such an unreasonable narrowing of the circle of objects of research reduces the possibility of resolving the issue of falsifying marking data, obtaining orienting information for checking the TS according to the records, etc. It is necessary to approach the study of TS marking data more broadly. Only an integrated approach ensures the reliability and completeness of the results of the study. Such an integrated approach involves a thorough analysis of a certain set of features that characterize this car. As already noted, this is: The result of the study should be a decision on the authenticity of the marking, the content of the primary marking and (if necessary) drawing up a request for checking the vehicle according to the records of stolen and stolen vehicles. The main conclusions are as follows: In Ukraine, a considerable number of cars are operated with a mark in the registration certificate - “B/N body”, that is, a body without a number. Of course, owning such a car, at first glance, provides some advantages. For example, it becomes possible periodically, as it wears out, to replace it with a newer, stolen or customs-cleared donor imported from abroad. Restorative repairs are also simplified in the event of an accident. On it, perhaps, and all advantages. Traveling abroad, deregistering and selling such a car is extremely problematic. There is a practice of transferring (selling) “no-nomerniks” according to a notarized so-called general power of attorney. However, the legal status of such cars is very low, and their market value is many times inferior to a full-fledged car. According to the Procedure approved by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, all registration operations with vehicles that do not have body, frame or chassis identification numbers are prohibited (except for registration of inheritance). In paragraph 2p. 15 of the Procedure for state registration (re-registration), approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated September 7, 1998 No. 1388 (as amended and supplemented), emphasizes: “The sovereign of the reaters (cutting), the bonfly of the context of the transporters, Krim vipadkiv vibrachannia, without the іndifice number of abstracts, nickels (one symbol of the butt, not inhabited) (tablet) or part of the panel (tablet) with the number) identification numbers of warehouse parts (body, chassis, frames) are not allowed. Therefore, in our opinion, for owners of license-free cars, the only way out is the legal way to remove them from the status of "lifetime". The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine has developed a legal mechanism for the legalization of such a fleet of vehicles using the approved procedure for duplicating the primary ones and applying the assigned special individual identification numbers, but with the obligatory observance of the Procedure clearly established and detailed in the regulatory documents. - this is a repeated mechanical reproduction (renewal) on the integral metal components of the body (chassis, frame) of the damaged (destroyed) primary factory identification number of the vehicle in accordance with the regulatory Procedure separately established by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. - this is mechanical application on the integral metal components of the body (chassis, frame) of a vehicle assigned by the GSC of a special individual identification number in accordance with the regulatory Procedure separately established by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. Main list of grounds, for which duplication of primary and application of assigned special individual identification marks on road vehicles (RTV) is allowed, in accordance with clause 15 of the Procedure for state registration (re-registration), approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated September 7, 1998 No. 1388 (as amended and supplemented ), next:
The main category of cars that are licenseless are cars of the former USSR, on which identification numbers were applied with paint using a stencil on the bearing parts of the car frame or were made only on plates attached with rivets or self-tapping screws in the places provided by the manufacturer. As a rule, such designations are short-lived. The numbers applied with paint were destroyed over several years under the influence of atmospheric factors and an aggressive operating environment, and the number plates, which were most often made of non-ferrous metal (aluminum), were mechanically damaged, destroyed and lost during the long-term operation of the technical facility. Such vehicles, after a special study, which confirms the absence of traces of deliberate destruction of marking identification symbols, as well as compliance with the design, brand, model and other data indicated in the registration certificate, as a rule, fall under the assignment of a special individual identification number by the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs followed by its application in the prescribed manner. On vehicles registered in Ukraine, duplication of primary and application of assigned special individual identification numbers (body, chassis or frame) is carried out by the Scientific Research Bureau of Forensic Examinations "Santodor". However, this technical operation is performed only after the issuance of a written Conclusion (permit) to the car owner by the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for each individual vehicle. Independently, without the Conclusion of the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Bureau does not make any decisions and does not carry out any actions. Duplication of the primary and application of a special individual identification number is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Standard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine SOU 78-31-001:2017 and is allowed only if traceological, as well as other methods and means available to specialists, it is not possible to establish the primary (factory) identification number possible, and there are no traces of deliberate destruction (damage) of the signs of the identification number. If a special study establishes that the number-bearing parts of the investigated numberless vehicle belong to another car (not cleared by the donor, etc.), the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs has the right to refuse to issue the Conclusion (permit) to the applicant for duplication of the primary or application of the assigned special individual identification number. ORDER duplication of primary (factory) and application of special individual vehicle identification numbers.
1.1. Appeal of the owner of the vehicle with a statement about the damage to the identification number (body, chassis, frame) as a result of corrosion on the surface of the license plate; 1.2. Identification by the employees of the TSC during registration operations of damaged identification numbers (body, chassis, frame) caused by corrosion on the surface of the number pad; 1.3. Return of the vehicle found by law enforcement agencies to the owner after illegal possession (theft), when the primary factory identification number (body, chassis, frame) is changed, damaged or destroyed in a makeshift way; 1.4. Total, (non-repairable and requiring replacement), damage to the number-bearing components of the body (chassis, frame) of the vehicle as a result of a traffic accident and there are sufficient grounds for their replacement with number-free ones in the prescribed manner; 1.5. Accidental (not careful) damage to the signs of the identification number (body, chassis, frame) of the vehicle during repair and restoration work; 1.6. Upon detection of an identification number (body, chassis, frame) of the vehicle with signs of its application with factory defects; 1.7. In the case when the manufacturer does not provide for the application of an identification number (body, chassis, frame) on the metal body of the integral components of the TPA body.
2.1. TPAs, in respect of which there are legal grounds for duplicating the identification number, are sent for a special examination of identification numbers to specialized institutions designated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. 2.2. A special study of the DTS is carried out by specialists of the expert service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine or specialists of other expert institutions who have the appropriate qualifications, as well as by forensic experts by order of the bodies of inquiry, pre-trial investigation or a court decision. 2.3. Responsibility for the reliability and completeness of the study of the damaged primary (factory) identification number (body, frame, chassis), as well as the feasibility and necessity of duplicating the TPA, lies with the employees of the specialized institution who conduct the relevant studies. 2.4. Based on the results of a special study, the owner of the TPA is provided by the expert institution that conducted it with a corresponding written opinion of a specialist drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the GSC. 2.5. If, according to the results of the specialist’s research, the full content of the primary (factory) number (body, frame, chassis) of the car, as well as signs of its application in the conditions of the manufacturer, is established, the owner of the vehicle has reason to apply to the Main Service Center (GCS) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine with a statement about considering the issue of issuing him a Conclusion (permit) for duplication of the primary (factory) or application of a special individual identification number of the TPA. Verification of the materials submitted to the GSC and making a decision to issue a Conclusion (permit) to the owner of the vehicle is possible only subject to the mandatory payment of funds in the amount of 94.00 (ninety-four) hryvnias. Payment is made to R/S GSC in accordance with paragraph 41 of the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine No. 369/1105/336 dated 05.10.2007. 2.6. Based on the results of consideration of the materials, the GSC provides the TTP owner with a written Conclusion (permission) for duplicating the identification number (body, frame, chassis) of the TTP or a reasonable written refusal on the impossibility of issuing permission to apply duplicate or special identification numbers. 2.7. A vehicle with a written Conclusion (permit) of the SSC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is provided to a specialized institution, where, after the necessary additional identification check of the vehicle and its accompanying documents, a duplicating or appropriated GSC special individual identification numbers DTS. 2.8. After applying duplicate numbers, the TPA is issued to its owner with a photo table of places for applying duplicate or special individual identification numbers and their general appearance on the number plate. The Appendix is an integral document that is attached to the Conclusion (permission) of the SSC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. 2.9. After the duplication of the TPA, the specialized institution that carried it out provides reporting information to the SSC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in the prescribed manner. 2.10. After applying a duplicate or special identification number (body, chassis, frame), the owner of the TTP is obliged to register or re-register the TTP within ten days. 2.11. Territorial service centers in the column "Special Marks" of the registration documents make the entry "Vehicle identification number duplicated" or "Special individual identification number applied". The same entry is made in the registration electronic data card of the registration database of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
3.1. The structure and content of the duplicate or special identification numbers must fully comply with the structure and content of the primary TPA number assigned and printed on (body, frame, chassis) by the TPA manufacturer. 3.2. The configuration of the signs of the duplicate number must comply with the standard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine - SOU 78-31-001:2017, approved by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine No. 374 dated 08.10.2007. 3.3. Duplication of primary (factory) or application of special individual TPA identification numbers (body, frames, chassis) is carried out by specialized institutions authorized by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine that have the appropriate certified equipment for applying TPA identification numbers with a specific and approved Standard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, font. 3.4. Duplicate signs are applied only on the metal surface of the bearing components (body, frame, chassis) of the car in specially defined accessible places in accordance with the Standard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. Signs must be clearly visible (to the naked eye). The shape of the contours of signs should not allow their double interpretation. 3.5. In the event of technical complications that make it impossible to apply an identification number (body, frame, chassis) on individual brands of DTS in the places provided for by the Standard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, it is allowed to duplicate or apply markings on nearby metal surfaces of body components that ensure compliance with the requirements for their clear uniform application. 3.6. The Scientific Research Bureau of Forensic Examinations "Santodor" is the author (developer) of the "Methodology for duplicating primary (factory) and applying special individual identification numbers of the TPA assigned by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine." After the decision made by the specialists of the service center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs about the impossibility of determining the symbols of the body number (chassis, frame) due to metal damage on the surface of the license plate, a special examination of the car is carried out to determine the authenticity of its identification number. The study can be ordered at any expert institution, as well as at the Santodor Bureau of Forensic Examinations or at its regional offices. It is important that the document you receive meets the basic requirements set by the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine for such documents. Note: the conclusion of the study must be unambiguous, for example: “The identification number (number of the body, chassis, frame) of the car is the number and then the full set identification number, usually consisting of 17 characters. If the conclusions of the specialist researcher are not unambiguous, but probabilistic, the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs will have sufficient grounds to refuse the applicant to issue permission to duplicate the number. When you apply to the Scientific Research Bureau "Santodor" or its regional offices, our specialists will analyze the documents you have collected and, if necessary, help to properly prepare them for transfer to the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for consideration. Employees of the Bureau notify you about the issuance of a permit for duplication of the primary or application of a special individual identification number assigned by the Main Service Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the vehicle, after which you agree on the date, time and place of the duplication or application of the number. Upon completion of this procedure, the Bureau staff will issue you two packages of documents, one for submission to the service center in order to carry out the necessary registration operations, and the other for you to keep. Related Articles
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