to the rules of the road.

This article is the first article in the "Signs of the Road" series and it discusses the most basic features of road signs: the division of signs into groups, the designations of each of the groups, and the features of their use.

Types of road signs in 2019

At present, Appendix 1 to has 8 sections, each of which deals with a separate group of road signs:

Road signs are divided into groups in such a way that each of the groups contains signs similar in meaning. Let's consider each of the types of signs in more detail.

traffic warning signs

Warning signs are the most useful and safest signs for the driver. Their safety lies in the fact that the requirements of warning signs can't be broken, because these signs do not prohibit or restrict the driver. The main function of such signs follows from their name. They warn the driver of possible dangers and help to avoid.

Warning signs are installed on dangerous sections of roads and are easy to distinguish from all other signs. Most warning signs are in the form of a red triangle:

The only exceptions are the signs associated with the railway crossing, the signs "direction of turn" and the sign "Intersection section". Their shape is different from a triangle:

Please note that all other warning signs are triangles.

Let me remind you once again that it is impossible to violate the requirements of warning signs, therefore, in the zone of their action, a fine for violating the requirements of road signs in the amount of 500 rubles cannot be imposed.

However, warning road signs can warn you against violations for which you can get a very real punishment.

Consider an example with the sign " Dangerous bend":

If you come across a similar sign on the road, then no special action is required. However, you should keep in mind that after 150 - 300 meters outside the village or after 50 - 100 meters in the village there will be a dangerous turn on your way.

Overtaking is prohibited on a dangerous turn (paragraph 11.4 of the rules). Accordingly, for overtaking on a dangerous turn, the driver runs the risk of being punished in the form of 4-6 months or a fine of 5,000 rubles.

At the same time, the rules do not prohibit overtaking after the "dangerous turn" sign, but before the start of the most dangerous turn.

For more information about warning road signs, see the following articles:

Priority signs

Priority signs, unlike warning signs, establish the right of way, crossings of carriageways, as well as narrow sections of the road.

In this case, you should pay attention that for violation of the requirements of priority signs installed at the intersection, you can get a fine in the amount of 1 000 rubles(Part 2 of Article 12.13 of the Code of Administrative Offenses). For the same violation outside the intersection, a warning or a fine of 500 rubles may be imposed (Part 1 of Article 12.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses).

Here I want to note that most often on the road you can meet the following road signs:

	no entry (road sign brick)
	Movement Prohibition
	turn prohibited
	no overtaking
	maximum speed limit
	forbidden
	No parking

Consider an example related to the violation of the requirements of a road sign No Entry (brick). The penalty for this violation directly depends on which road the driver is driving on.

If the sign is installed before entering the territory of the organization or the courtyard, then we are talking about the usual violation of the requirements of road signs (500 rubles).

If the sign prohibits entry to a one-way road, then the violation will entail a fine of 5,000 rubles or deprivation of rights for a period of 4 to 6 months.

Mandatory signs

Mandatory road signs are the opposite of the prohibition signs discussed above. Mandatory signs allow only certain road users to perform certain actions.

For example, the road sign "bike path" allows only cyclists:

Various fines may be imposed for violating the requirements of prescriptive signs.

For example, for leaving the footpath, the driver will receive a fine of 2,000 rubles (Part 2 of Article 12.15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses).

Signs of special regulations

Signs of special prescriptions combine elements of both prohibitory and prescriptive signs.

For example, sign 5.19.1 "pedestrian crossing" allows pedestrians to cross the carriageway, and the sign "zone with a maximum speed limit" prohibits exceeding the speed limit on a selected section of the road.

Penalties for violation of the requirements of signs of special requirements depend on the type of sign and can vary widely.

Signs of additional information (plates)

Additional information signs serve to clarify the meanings of road signs from other sections.

For example, a "wet surface" sign indicates that the sign is valid only for the period of time when the road surface is wet.

It is difficult to imagine the life of a motorist without road signs. They are an indispensable element of the organization of traffic. And the topic of traffic signs is a very relevant vehicle.

Let's try and we will understand the most difficult issues related to road signs.

Advantages and Benefits

Road signs are one of the most popular and convenient means of traffic regulation in the world (in general) and Russia (in particular). What gives them special value and significance?

First, DZ very personable, and their large number enables traffic organizers to use them to achieve a wide variety of goals (to warn about something, prohibit or prescribe something, inform, etc.).

Second, they clear enough. As a rule, it is not difficult to guess about the requirements put forward by the signs, because each of them represents a kind of symbolism that is understandable to everyone.

Thirdly, DZ is not a particularly expensive way to organize traffic. Compared to markings, traffic lights and traffic controllers, the procedure for installing a sign is very economical.

Fourth, this stable motion controller. If in winter the markings can be covered with snow, which makes it difficult to see, then road signs do not have such a disadvantage. The traffic light, in turn, requires a mandatory power supply, which can be disrupted (or not possible everywhere).

Fifth, it the most durable control. If the markings tend to wear out and become indistinguishable, if the traffic light requires constant service, if it cannot work without rest, then road signs will function for a very long time.

These advantages testify to the special status of road signs in the practice of traffic regulation.

Groups of traffic signs

Solely for convenience and the clearest understanding by drivers of the principles of installation and operation, all road signs are divided into 8 main groups:

1. Special prescriptions.
2. Informational.
3. Service.
4. Additional information (or signs).

And each group of signs performs strictly defined functions in the field of traffic regulation.

a brief description of

Warning signs have the function of informing drivers that they are approaching a dangerous stretch of road. At the same time, the symbolism of the sign itself reflects the nature of the danger.

As a rule, warning signs do not oblige the driver to anything, but justify the need to exercise care and caution. That is why almost all warning signs are installed in advance - at some distance before the beginning of the dangerous section of the road.

2. Signs of priority

This group of signs is incredibly important. They indicate the sequence of passage of unregulated intersections, intersections, as well as narrow sections of the road where it is difficult or impossible to pass oncoming traffic.

As practice shows, ignoring these signs is one of the most common reasons. That is why knowing the requirements that the signs impose on the driver, as well as strict compliance with their requirements, is the key to a trouble-free ride.

One of the most insidious and difficult to digest signs. And all because there are a lot of prohibition signs. And they have a large number of exceptions to the general rules.

The purpose of prohibition signs is to restrict or exclude the movement of certain participants, to introduce restrictions on the direction of movement, speed, a number of maneuvers, etc. And in rare cases, to cancel previously imposed bans.

Prohibition signs are very important for traffic safety. That is why any violation of their requirements is punishable by the norms of the administrative law of the Russian Federation.

Mandatory signs are intended to introduce or cancel the modes of movement (speed, direction, etc.)

This group of road signs, prescribing a certain mode of movement, begins to resemble the action of prohibitory signs. And indeed it is. But with only one amendment: prohibitory signs introduce a negative (prohibitive) regulatory regime, while prescriptive signs introduce a positive one. In other words, prescriptive signs answer the question: “What should the driver do?”.

The proximity of these signs to the prohibition makes them very important in the organization of traffic and road safety.

These signs are very close to prescriptive signs. Still, they even have the same root words in their names: “prescriptive”, “prescriptions”. And their purpose is also related: signs of special regulations are used to introduce special modes of movement or cancel such modes.

It is not for nothing that earlier both prescriptive signs and signs of special prescriptions were part of a single group of indicative signs. Their difference lies in the fact that prescriptive signs introduce some one requirement, and the group of interest to us - several prescriptions at once. This makes signs of special regulations an actual means of traffic regulation.

The main purpose of information signs (judging even by the name of the group) is to inform road users about the location of various objects (mainly settlements) and the distances to them. In addition, this very extensive group of signs also performs the functions of notification of established traffic modes.

As a rule, drivers simply ignore information signs, considering them frivolous. And very much in vain! First, there are some very insidious ones among them, who not only inform, but also introduce a prohibitive regulatory regime. Secondly, information is never superfluous.

Although, in fairness, it should be said that in comparison with prohibitory and prescriptive signs, signs of priority and special prescriptions, this group is very harmless.

This is the noblest group of signs. Service signs notify the driver of the approach or location of important road and other infrastructure facilities within the road: hospitals, hotels, recreation areas, service stations and other facilities.

From the point of view of the requirements for drivers, service marks are the most harmless group. They do not require anything from the driver at all, and therefore cannot become the reason for his punishment.

Despite the derogatory name - "plates" - these signs are very important in the traffic system. Their goal is to supplement, clarify, limit the actions of other road signs.

There are eight groups of traffic signs. Each group carries useful information to the motorist. What are the features of each plate and their main functions, we will consider in this article.

Group types

All signs used on the territory of our state are divided into the following groups:

1.Information sign

4. Sign of additional information

5. Service mark

6. Sign of priority

8. Sign of special regulations

Each road sign has a specific shape and color. All plates have digital identifiers. For example, the first digit indicates which group, the second informs about the number within the group, but, and the third represents the species. All listed groups are intended to provide information or prohibit movement.

Warning signs and their classification

Similar signs differ only in white color with an outlined black designation, having a triangular shape with outlined red edges. According to the traffic rules, the "Warning" sign is installed from 50 to 100 meters to a dangerous area in the countryside or in cities, from 150 to 300 meters outside crowded areas. If for some reason it is not possible to mark the sign at a given distance, then the gap to the threatening zone is necessarily written at the bottom of the plate. Very often, the signs are triangular in shape, so it will not work to confuse them. Warning signs are also cross-shaped, in other cases they have a rectangular shape. They are established according to separate rules and regulations. Signs with the following numbers: 1.10, 1.9, 1.1, 1.2 are placed only outside the city or village. Information regarding the dangerous area should be located at a distance of 50 meters. It is on the emergency site that signs 1.23 and 1.25 are placed. These signs: 1.22, 1.17 and sign 1.7 inform about the absence of a pedestrian crossing and in cases where there is no roundabout. With such signs there are signs of other groups.

Types of signs from the Priority group

Priority signs indicate the main road in relation to other traffic directions. Such signs can often be found at intersections and other areas where there is difficult traffic. On narrow roads, you can also see the regulation sign. Often, not far from the railway tracks and barriers to avoid dangerous incidents with trains, you can find a sign - Movement without stopping - Forbidden. In cases where a sign is visible on the site and there is a traffic controller or a sign and a traffic light, then it is necessary to follow their instructions. Always be on the alert in such situations, and if suddenly you notice that the traffic light is not working, stick to the sign.

Types of signs from the group Prohibiting

Such signs can be divided into: limiting or prohibiting. The first sign means that you can move, but carefully, and the second prohibits movement. The prohibition sign has a round shape, there is a certain image on a white background. There are also 4 plates on a blue background, and 4 black and white signs. A sign in black and white permits traffic that was previously prohibited. It is difficult to remember the signs of this group, because there are exceptions for specific vehicles. It is also difficult to determine the territory of action of one or another sign.

1. An exception may be for those people who, when performing any official work, turn on red-blue lights and a special signal. In such cases, you can ignore the prohibition sign
2. Under any conditions, signs 3.17.2, 3.17.1, as well as 3.24, 3.17.3, 3.20, 16 must be taken into account by all motorists
3. Signs 3.27, 3.19, 3.18.2, 3.18.1, 1, and 3.2 do not apply to minibuses
4. Post machines may not respond to the following characters: 3.30, 3.29, 3.28, 3.8, 3.7, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2
5. Drivers who transport people with disabilities of the first and second groups can ignore signs with numbers: 3.30, 3.29, 3.28, 3.3, 3.2
6. If such signs 3.8, 3.7, 3.6, 3.5, 3.3, 3.2 are installed in a certain area, then people living there and workers of enterprises and factories can neglect them
7. Taxi drivers with an installed and working meter may not pay attention to signs 3.30, 3.29, 3.28
8. Sign 3.20 gives permission to bypass a car whose speed does not exceed 30 km / h, a bicycle, a cart or a motorcycle.

To always know where the sign ends its purpose, remember these rules

• At the first crossroads, certain signs lose their influence
• Those signs that are installed outside the area with a residential population. A crossed-out plate with its name is placed outside the territory of the settlement
• The area of ​​action can be displayed on the sign
• The influence of all listed cancels the sign 3.31

Mandatory tablets

Everyone must adhere to such signs. They inform about the route of special vehicles, you can also find out the side on which traffic is allowed, and the speed for maximum driving. Mandatory signs may allow cyclists and pedestrians to move around. These signs have a round shape, and a pictogram is depicted on a blue background in white.

The meaning of road signs

1. Plates 4.1.1, 4.1.2 - 4.1.6 show the traffic line at a certain intersection

2. Signs 4.1.6, 4.1.3 and 4.1.5 indicate movement to the left. In addition, it is allowed to turn around in such a place

3. Route transport and buses may ignore signs 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.13 - 4.1.6

As you have already managed to notice, we have examined 4 groups of road signs, we still need to make out the same number. These include: information signs, special regulations signs, additional information signs and service plates.

Signs of special regulations and their categories

When it is not possible to determine the traffic rate on the road, then prescription signs are used. Such signs inform about the mode of movement. Signs are always square or rectangular, painted blue, white or green.

1. Signs 5.24.2, 5.24.1, 5.23, 1.5, 2.3.2 are installed on the site for which compliance with traffic rules for residential premises is required

2. Pointers in the form of tablets 5.26 or 5.25 warn of not being true for agricultural as well as urban areas.

3. Influence of signs 5.29, 5.27, 5.33, 5.31. It is installed on a certain area, whether it is a different road with special traffic or an intersection.

information sign

Plates of this type are designed to notify car owners about the presence of a settlement and the placement of other villages and cities. Such signs are always in the form of a triangle, but the background color sometimes changes its color, depending on the subgroup. Green is used exclusively for motorway facilities. For objects at certain points, white is used, when repairing the road, yellow, but, and to indicate the route outside the city, a blue background is used.

Sign of Additional Information, and what categories are divided into

To find out more detailed information, Additional signs will help you. They complement the main signs. It follows that they cannot be used by themselves. If you carefully read the rules, we will see that no more than three plates are attached to one sign. In cases where the sign does not correspond to the main one, then the car owner is obliged to adhere to the instructions on the temporary plate. Often signs of additional information are used for any repair work.

Service mark, and into what categories it is divided

As you all understood, such signs inform about various points such as: food points, gas stations, car repairs, a place of rest. These signs are installed in an urban area near the object, in a non-urban or rural area at a distance of 400 meters and up to 80 kilometers.

The usual cross, enclosed in a triangle with a red border, symbolizes the crossroads.

Sign 1.6 "Intersection of equivalent roads" warns of approaching the intersection of equivalent roads. This means that if you have been driving along the main road all the time before, then at the intersection, in front of which there is a sign 1.6, you will have to give way to someone who is approaching the intersection from the right.

There are situations when the sign 1.6 is not installed before the intersection of equivalent roads. This is mainly in courtyards, in inactive lanes or in rural areas. In this case, you must be able to read the intersection, you must understand whether you have an advantage at the intersection or not.

Sometimes it is useful to see which sign is posted before the intersection of the road you are about to cross. This is a kind of hint by which you can determine your priority. If there is a familiar inverted triangle, then you can drive safely, this is a sign 2.4 "" for drivers who will approach the intersection on the right and give way to you.

Well, drivers approaching an equivalent intersection from the left will have to give way to you, since you are an obstacle to them on the right.

Warning sign 1.6 outside settlements is installed at a distance of 150 - 300 m, in settlements - at a distance of 50 - 100 m before the beginning of the dangerous section. If necessary, signs can be installed at a different distance, which in this case is indicated on the plate.

If this information was useful to you, please write about it in the comments. If you have any questions, write, we will definitely try to help you.

• road sign cross in a triangle
• crossing of equivalent roads
• cross in a triangle
• road sign triangle with a cross

Road signs are an integral attribute of roads, carrying all the information necessary for drivers: a warning about danger, speed limits, repair work, and much more. The study of road signs is necessary for all road users, since not only drivers can be the culprits of an accident, but also illiterate pedestrians, cyclists, etc.

If you are just going to become a driver and are preparing to pass exams, then you simply need to study road signs, because traffic police tickets contain questions on this topic. Here you will find all the latest information for 2015 on road signs.

First of all, you should know that road signs are divided into groups.

Group 1 - warning signs starting with the number "1". The signs of this group are designed to carry information for drivers, for example, about approaching a dangerous section of the road, narrowing of the carriageway, road crossing, etc.

Group 2 - priority signs starting with the number "2". A group of these signs informs about the distribution of priorities when passing through intersections and narrow parts of the road, for example, a sign of the main road, an intersection with a secondary road, etc.

Group 3 - prohibition signs starting with the number "3". The signs of this group carry information about the prohibitions in force on a given section of the road, for example, a ban on the movement of certain vehicles, prohibited overtaking, parking, stopping, etc.

Group 4 - prescriptive signs, beginning with the number "4". The signs of this group oblige vehicles to move only in a certain direction, and also limit the minimum speed, etc.

Group 5 signs - signs of special requirements starting with the number "5". The signs of this group serve to designate a residential area, pedestrian crossings, zones of artificial unevenness, etc.

Group 6 - information signs starting with the number "6". The signs of this group carry information about road numbers, parking lots, etc.

Group 7 - service marks starting with the number "7". They carry information about cafes, hotels, gas stations, etc. available on the track.

Group 8 - signs of additional information starting with the number "8". They are needed to indicate on the road the beginning and end of the operation of the signs under which the plate is placed, as well as to indicate the method of parking, etc.

9 group of characters - identification marks. These signs are designed to inform drivers that dangerous goods, children, etc. are being transported in this vehicle.

In order to better master the road signs, we recommend watching a training video on this topic. Good luck on the roads!