A warm steering wheel is one of the most mysterious options. Some cheap cars have it in the "base", and other premium brands do not even include it in the list of optional equipment.
Why is it needed?
First of all, of course, for comfort. It's nice to sit in a warm armchair in winter and touch not a hardened ice, but a warm steering wheel. In addition, there are security considerations. In warm gloves, especially woolen, you should not steer, because your hands will slip in them. There is nothing good in periodically removing your hands from the steering wheel and warming them with a deflector or just with your own breath.
When did he appear?
The first patent for a steering wheel heater was registered by the American inventor Reuben Smith in August 1912, and all subsequent authors only brought the invention to mind, introducing new materials and layouts. The "revolution" occurred in 1983, when Japanese engineers Kazushi Noda, Moryuki Komatsu, and Hiroshi Mitsunaga proposed a design made from a thermoplate, a thermal converter, and a thermal accumulator.
This design made it possible to accumulate heat while the steering wheel was hot, and then give it away when the temperature dropped below the set temperature. In hot weather, a steering wheel with a similar system could be cooled. However, the design has not found application - now cars are equipped with a simple heater, which is not far from its progenitor more than a century ago.
How is it arranged?
A heat-conducting wire is laid under the steering wheel braid - about the same as on the rear window. The terminals from this wire go to the hub and are connected there via a connector to the on-board network. Sometimes there is a regulator in the circuit that allows you to set the heating temperature. In general, the design is simple.How much does it cost on new cars?
As noted above, the heated steering wheel, despite our cold climate, is found in the list of standard equipment and options by far from all manufacturers. For example, on Mazda, Renault, Nissan, Citroen, Chevrolet and Mercedes-Benz, a heating pad can only be supplied as an option for an additional fee.
Occasionally, heating is found as a separate option. So, for example, on a BMW 1 Series it will cost (prices in July 2014) 11,168 rubles, and on a Range Rover - 13,500 rubles. Much more often it can be found in special option packages. On the Opel Zafira, the Enjoy package for 18,000 rubles, in addition to the heated steering wheel, includes an air quality sensor, dual-zone climate control and heated electric mirrors. On the Volvo XC60, the winter package for 19,900 rubles also includes a heated windshield and washer nozzles.
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It also happens that the steering wheel heating is included in the standard equipment of one or another configuration. The automakers have different policies here. For example, only expensive off-road vehicles Highlander, Land Cruiser and LC Prado have the coveted option in Toyota - even not cheap RAV4 and Camry, not to mention Corolla, are deprived of it. But Korean manufacturers do not skimp on heat for the driver's hands. Kia has a "Warm Options" package, which is included as standard equipment on almost all of the brand's vehicles, including the Rio. Only the cheapest basic Comfort package is deprived of it.
Can you make your own heating?
What if the steering wheel in the car is not heated, but the hands are asking for heat? You can install this option yourself, since the design, as we understand it, is simple. A set of high-quality heating filaments and wiring costs an average of 3,000 rubles. Installation cost depends on the complexity of your car's electronics. On inexpensive machines, where an alien device will not conflict with the on-board computer, the installation will cost about 5,000 - 6,000 rubles. On expensive cars, in particular on Mercedes-Benz (the Germans, as we already wrote, do not have steering wheel heating), the threads have to be introduced into the on-board electrical system. Pleasure will cost 12,000 - 15,000 rubles. And even higher. Fans of savings and self-repair can be advised to do without the help of craftsmen. Instead of an expensive installation kit, buying heating filaments is much cheaper - up to 1,000 rubles. Next, you have to disassemble the steering column, embroider the steering wheel braid to lay threads under it, and sew it back. Power and control can be laid to your own taste. Someone brings the heating on to a separate button and places it in an arbitrary place in the cabin. Someone prefers to connect the system to the seat heating button in order to turn them on synchronously. Just in case, let's make a reservation that you can engage in an independent "collective farm" only if you have some ideas about electrical engineering, and even better - experience with automotive electrics. If there is neither one nor the other, it is better not to experiment and, in order to avoid trouble, leave the matter to the masters who know their business. There is another alternative - do not suffer with installation and buy a steering wheel braid with a wire connected through the cigarette lighter socket. It costs from 700 to 1,000 rubles, but it is difficult to use it. The wire interferes with steering.What's in the future?
None of the cars sold today have such a feature as adaptive steering wheel climate control, which can not only heat it, but also cool it? However, every year manufacturers are forced to bring something new to the market, so that buyers get the impression of constant progress and the need to buy its fruits. Therefore, it is very possible that the day will come when a unique premium and innovative climate-controlled steering wheel is announced to us in a press release. And let his idea come up in 1983 ...Photo: powerfuluk.com, Kia, Land Rover, Hyundai, Kia, Opel, BMW
The steering of a car is one of the important mechanisms of any vehicle. It includes several nodes that are responsible for the movement of the car in the direction specified by the driver. An integral part of the steering mechanism is the steering wheel. Its presence allows you to control the front axle and control the wheels.
Steering wheel VAZ 2107
The steering wheel is connected to the steering gear through the intermediate shaft. The entire steering structure is designed to transfer the rotational force of the steering wheel shaft into a similar rotational force of the bipod shaft. When turning the steering gear lever and acting on the steering trapezoid, the front wheels are rotated.
Steering gear VAZ 2107: 1. Side thrust. 2. Bipod. 3. Thrust is average. 4. Pendulum lever. 5. Adjusting clutch. 6. Lower ball joint. 7. Right rotary knuckle. 8. Upper ball joint. 9. Right steering knuckle arm. 10. Bracket for pendulum lever. 11. Body spar right. 12. Oil filler plug. 13. Carter of the steering mechanism. 14. Steering shaft. 15. Casing facing the steering shaft. 16. Steering wheel.17. The upper support tube of the steering shaft. 18. Steering shaft bracket. 19. Body spar left. 20. Clamps for adjusting coupling. 21. Left rotary knuckle
The steering wheel of a car is a frame with a hub, rim and spokes. On the VAZ 2107, the steering wheel has 4 spokes, and the rim itself is made of special rubber. The size of the steering wheel on this car is 400 mm. This diameter is quite large by today's standards, but turning the steering wheel is easy. On the steering wheel there is a pressure element that allows you to turn on the sound signal.
Is it possible to put from another car
The steering wheel on the VAZ 2107 differs from the steering wheel of the same "penny" or "six" in a more attractive appearance and comfortable grip. If for some reason the standard steering wheel does not suit you, there are options for replacing it with a part from other cars:
- Kalina, Priora, VAZ 2115;
- products of Chinese manufacturers;
- steering wheels from the "sport" category of well-known brands such as Sparco, Momo, etc.
Steering wheels designed for tuning and sports are universal. They can be installed on different cars using a special adapter that is designed for a specific model.
It is not recommended to install products of unknown Chinese manufacturers on classic Zhiguli with rear-wheel drive. This is explained by the fact that such cars do not have a rack, but a steering gearbox with a worm gear. The lack of hydraulic or electric booster leads to the fact that sometimes it is necessary to apply quite a lot of effort to the steering wheel. When installing a low-quality product, there is a chance at some point to remain with the steering wheel in your hands, which will lead to undesirable consequences. Therefore, when choosing a steering wheel, attention should be paid not only to aesthetics, convenience and ergonomics. The steering wheel must also meet safety requirements. You can be sure of the quality of the parts of the Togliatti Automobile Plant and well-known European brands, since all products of these manufacturers are tested.
Sports
The sports steering wheel was initially used only in rallies, that is, for its intended purpose. However, some owners of the "sevens" install such a steering wheel in order to modify their car, to make it different from the standard. Installing a sports steering wheel has the following advantages:
- space is saved due to the smaller size of the product;
- small rudder size improves the ability to maneuver at higher speeds;
- attractive appearance.
Of the minuses, it is worth noting:
- high probability of buying a low-quality part;
- automatic turning off turn signals will not function;
- the need to purchase a special adapter;
- there is a chance of getting a refusal during the technical inspection.
Not everyone likes the classic VAZ steering wheel because of its size. However, it should be borne in mind that installing a sports steering wheel is not a cheap pleasure.
Wood
There are owners of "Zhiguli" and other "classics" who strive to give the salon a special style and comfort. Therefore, instead of a regular steering wheel, they install a wooden product. Such a steering wheel is similar in spokes and size to a sports steering wheel, but the rim itself is made of wood. The detail in the interior of the cabin looks quite attractive.
How to remove the steering wheel VAZ 2107
The need to dismantle the steering wheel can arise for various reasons. It is worth dwelling on when and how to do this in more detail.
When to shoot
The VAZ 2107 steering wheel is a fairly reliable part that does not have to be removed so often. There are practically no parts that can fail. The most common reasons for its dismantling are:
- signal button malfunction. The problem manifests itself in the inability to use the sound signal, which occurs due to a broken contact;
- appearance. As the car is used, the surface of the steering wheel wears out. To hide signs of wear, car owners use braids, but not everyone likes them. Such a product additionally increases the steering wheel in diameter;
- tuning. If the goal is to replace the steering wheel with a more modern and stylish one, then you can’t do without dismantling it;
- repair. Removal of the part may also be necessary when carrying out certain types of work with a torpedo, dashboard or horn contacts.
Dismantling the steering wheel
To remove the steering wheel on the "seven" you will need the following tools:
- collar;
- head for 24;
- flat screwdriver.
The procedure is carried out in the following order:
Video: how to remove the steering wheel on the "seven"
If the steering wheel is dismantled for the purpose of repair and will be installed back, then before removal it is necessary to mark the steering wheel hub and the shaft itself, which will facilitate installation.
Replacing the handlebar cover and slip ring
Sometimes it is necessary to replace the parts of the steering wheel (slip ring, springs or cover), for example, if they are damaged or malfunctioning. For repair, you only need a Phillips screwdriver. The process consists of the following steps:
- We unscrew the screws securing the cover on the back of the steering wheel.
- To unscrew the two middle screws, remove the plugs.
- We dismantle the cover and remove the wires coming from the contact ring.
- We remove the springs, rearranging them on a new cover, if it is being replaced.
- To replace the slip ring, unscrew the fastening screws and remove the part.
- We replace the ring or cover and assemble the steering wheel in the reverse order.
Steering wheel installation
Before reinstalling the steering wheel, it is necessary to lubricate the splines, for example, with Litol-24 grease. Assembly is performed in the following order:
If it is necessary to install a sports steering wheel, then the part is first connected to the adapter with bolts, after which it is mounted on the splines in the same way as described above.
The steering wheel on the VAZ 2107 does not have to be removed very often. However, if such a need arises, it is within the power of each owner of this car to dismantle the part. Removal requires a minimum set of tools, following step-by-step instructions and a little time.
The steering system of the VAZ 2114 car, from its very production, assumed the possibility of installing a power steering using an installation kit. This also applies to the electric power steering or just the EUR.
This modification will make it easier to turn the car and increase comfortable handling. This is especially true for drivers who drive in the city most of the time.
The main difference between the power steering (GUR) and the EUR is that the strength (efficiency) of the first directly depends on the speed of the motor. At high speed, turning the steering wheel is too easy. This affects both the ride feel and handling.
To overcome such problems, the power steering is not connected directly to the motor, but using a gain controller. It is this functionality that the electric amplifier has. The operation of the EUR is not characterized by a direct connection between the effort and the power of the motor, which allows you to get involved in the work as much as necessary in a particular situation.
For VAZ 2114, a similar EUR is suitable as for Lada Priora.
Additional advantages of using an electric booster instead of power steering:
- Less maintenance requirements (no need to monitor oil, connections).
- In frost, you do not need to warm up, as when using power steering.
- Installing the EUR is much easier (no need to interfere in the engine compartment).
- High reliability.
- Only less power can be called a minus, although this is not at all noticeable on cars like the VAZ 2114.
Should I install electric power steering?
The answer is unique for each motorist. On the one hand, the rotation of the steering wheel becomes easy and the effect is really noticeable. On the other hand, in addition to the financial side of the issue (and this is at least 15-20 thousand rubles), you will need to spend a whole day to install it. The choice is entirely yours, but if you still decide, we will help you with the installation.
What is needed for installation?
- The electric amplifier itself;
- Control block;
- Promval;
- Wiring.
Installation instructions
When installing an electric booster, it must be borne in mind that it will be necessary to replace the VAZ 2114 steering column with an “electric column”. To do this, let's start with the wiring. You will need to deal with the pads. There will be no need for any "twisting". There is a terminal in the block that we need to remove and insert it onto the block in the harness.
We insert the free terminal of the harness exactly in the place where the regular wire was. A special harness is not needed for this. Connect two wires with a cross section of 4 squares to the battery. Don't forget to connect a 50A fuse. "Weak power" will connect to the tachometer, speed sensor, ground, k-line and wiring to the control lamp. Don't forget to check for speedometer and tachometer signals.
- Remove the cover with switches and ignition switch.
- We unscrew the bolt on the rail and remove it. It is necessary to determine how much the “native” part is larger than our new one.
- We install the shaft on the EUR. The shaft itself is then attached to its place.
- Set up wiring. We stretch two cables to the battery from the passenger compartment, best of all through the left wing. To wire, you can:
- Remove the washer reservoir first.
- Take a hard wire and drag it through, trying to get to the hood.
- As soon as it appears at the hood, we attach our wires to it.
- We pull together with our wire.
- We connect the electronics of the EUR. Under the dashboard there is a red block, and in it is an orange wire. It is to him that you need to connect an electric amplifier.
- Similar procedures must be done with the gray wire.
- We connect the power ends. In the battery we connect pink is a plus, and black is a minus.
Installation on this is complete. If you did everything carefully according to the instructions, you will enjoy the ease of driving the VAZ 2114.
Steering wheel adjustment
If you don’t like the height and position of the steering wheel, then you will need to grind the edges of the shaft to the size you need or install gaskets between the plate and the body. It is worth remembering that the electric power steering is turned off automatically at speeds above 50 km / h, unlike the same power steering.
Installing an electric power steering on your own is quite real. One has only to remember that even for an experienced driver it will take a lot of time and effort. But for a lover of a comfortable ride, the result will justify all the costs and hopes.
(5 ratings, average: 5,00 out of 5)
Many car owners think that they will never have to face such a problem as replacing a steering wheel in a car - this node seems unshakable and reliable. But quite often there are malfunctions associated with wear of the mounts, bearings or electronic components that are installed inside the steering wheel. In addition, many motorists change the steering wheel to a non-standard product in order to increase the comfort of the vehicle or improve handling. One way or another, replacing the steering wheel is a rather difficult undertaking. To prevent damage and do everything right, you must strictly follow the instructions. More on this later in the article.
Auto steering - device, principle of operation
Steering of a modern car with hydraulic booster:
Pit arm (1), tie rod (2), steering gear (3), suction hose (4), drain hose (5), reservoir (6), right side tie rod (7), right swingarm (8) , tie rod (9), steering input shaft (10), lower universal joint (11), universal joint (12), upper universal joint (13), steering column shaft (14), steering wheel (15), left pendulum arm (16), left side link end (17), adjusting tube clamp (18), left steering link arm (19), pivot boot (20), left side arm end (21), joint (22), pressure hose (23), power steering pump (24).
Most modern cars are equipped with power steering - electric or hydraulic. The power steering is designed for comfortable driving, as well as to reduce the effort on the steering wheel and hold the car after a sharp maneuver. Power steering is included in the basic package of almost every modern car.
The basis of the steering is the steering mechanism, which performs the following functions:
- Spontaneously returns the steering wheel to the neutral position under unloaded conditions.
- Transmits power to the steering gear.
- Increases the force applied to the steering wheel.
Strictly speaking, the steering mechanism is a gearbox (mechanical transmission), so its main parameter is the gear ratio. Depending on the type of mechanical transmission, there are such types of steering mechanisms: screw, worm, rack and pinion.
Consider the principle of operation of the rack and pinion steering mechanism (it is most often installed on cars): when the steering wheel is rotated, the rack moves to the left or right, and during the movement of the rack, the steering rods attached to it move, which turn the steered wheels.
Design features of autopilots
The rack and pinion steering mechanism is distinguished by its simple design, correspondingly high efficiency, as well as high rigidity. However, at the same time, this type of steering mechanism is prone to vibrations and is sensitive to shock loads from bumps in the roads. Due to the peculiarities of its design, the rack and pinion steering mechanism is mounted on vehicles with front-wheel drive and independent suspension of the steered wheels.
The screw steering mechanism consists of the following structural elements: a steering arm located on the sector shaft, a screw on the steering shaft, a nut moving along the screw, a gear rack cut on the nut, and a gear sector that is connected to the rack. A feature of the screw mechanism is the connection of the nut and the screw with the help of balls, which makes it possible to achieve less friction and wear of the pair. This type of steering gear is mounted on some luxury cars, heavy trucks and buses.
The worm gear combines the following structural components: a globoid worm (a worm with a variable diameter) connected to the steering shaft and a roller. A lever (bipod) is mounted on the roller shaft outside the steering mechanism housing, which is connected to the steering gear rods. Worm gear steering is less sensitive to shock loads and provides better vehicle maneuverability. But it is not cheap because of the complexity of manufacturing. Steering with a similar mechanism has a large number of connections, and therefore requires systematic adjustment.
The worm gear is used in passenger vehicles with increased cross-country ability and dependent suspension, light trucks and buses. Previously, this type of steering mechanism was mounted on the "domestic" classics.
All models of the steering wheel are characterized by common design features:
- In the middle of the steering wheel, in its inner part, there is a hub with which this device is attached to the steering column.
- The outer rim is the control part of this entire device. The driver holds on to it and, influencing the outer rim, transmits torque to the steering column, and through it - directly to the steering rods.
- The hub and outer rim are connected to each other by means of spokes, which can look like pins or plates, and there are four, three or two in number.
The size of the steering wheel, what determines the size of the steering wheel
The size of the steering wheel installed on the vehicle depends to a large extent on whether the vehicle is equipped with hydraulic or electric power steering. In addition, the size of the steering wheel is largely dependent on the effort on it. There are certain requirements for maximum force on the handlebar under power failure conditions. The torque required to turn the steering shaft is equal to the product of the force (applied by the motorist) times the arm (radius of the steering wheel). Therefore, the smaller the steering wheel, the more difficult it will be to turn. Buses and trucks have harder wheels to turn, so the steering wheel is larger and more horizontal. In passenger cars, it can be made smaller.
The modern steering wheel of a modern car, which is displayed on the steering wheel
On modern steering wheels of many cars, control buttons for various automotive systems are displayed. An integral attribute of this device is a sound signal, only the location of the control of this signal is different. In fact, in all car models, turn, wiper and light switches are mounted along with the steering wheel. Therefore, when replacing the steering wheel, there is a need to dismantle these devices as well. It is worth noting that on older models of vehicles, especially American ones, the gear lever was actually installed directly in the steering wheel.
In addition, in our time there are so-called multifunctional steering wheels (multi-steering wheel), which can control the audio system, telephone, on-board computer, navigation system, voice control system, cruise control, air recirculation.
How to buy a new steering wheel, what you should pay attention to
Before changing the steering wheel, the car owner should seriously consider what type of steering wheel the car needs. Many drivers prefer sports steering wheels. Of course, the appearance of such a device attracts attention. Thickened, small in diameter, with shaped notches that make it comfortable to grip the steering wheel. Most often it is made of elastic materials and pleasant to the touch. However, this is not always a wise decision.
On a car without power steering, it is most convenient to use a large diameter steering wheel when driving around the city. As mentioned above, by rotating such a steering wheel, the motorist has to exert much less effort when performing a complex maneuver.
In addition, there is an important condition that should be observed when purchasing a new steering wheel. It is necessary to check the place where on the hub the new device is attached to the steering column of the vehicle on which the steering wheel is being replaced. This design is often made only for a specific vehicle model and does not have a unified connection.
As for cars with multifunctional steering wheels, which were mentioned above, only unique devices are suitable for them, since it is very difficult to remake the control scheme of automotive systems. When choosing a new steering wheel, you should imagine how convenient it will be located in the cabin and whether it will become a hindrance to the driver. The ideal option is to select a steering wheel according to the manufacturer's recommendation - such steering wheels have certificates of conformity and have the appropriate marks on the packaging.
Workplace selection
All work on replacing the steering wheel must be carried out on a flat horizontal surface. The vehicle, at the same time, is fixed with the help of a hand brake and the first gear is engaged when the engine is not running.
Safety
For insurance under the wheels, it is better to install mechanical stops. Without fail, de-energize the automotive systems by removing the terminals from the battery.
Tools, fixtures, consumables
- Phillips and flat screwdrivers.
- Spanners.
- Mechanical stops.
- A collar for the central nut.
- The steering wheel itself.
Preparatory work
How to remove the steering wheel and install a new one (step by step)
At the last stage, a check should be made, for which it is necessary to shake the steering wheel to the sides and pull it towards you. In addition, you should carefully listen to your feelings when driving the first few kilometers. If you notice that you have installed the steering wheel incorrectly, immediately contact the service center to avoid problems in the future.
At first glance, there is nothing complicated in this. But it is worth starting the very procedure for replacing the steering wheel in order to understand that each action requires accuracy and care. The whole procedure takes experienced masters at least an hour, and unprepared beginners can spend up to several hours on it.
For a long time, 1 1/8″ was the go-to head tube size in the bike market, but as time goes on, the 1 1/8-1.5″ Tapered has become the new standard for a few years now.
If you bought your bike three or four years ago (or later), then most likely you have an old type of headset, and it’s not easy to install a new fork with a tapered stem.
This applies to those who planned to upgrade their simple imitator fork to a decent air one over time. Nowadays, the leading manufacturers of bike shock absorbers have almost completely switched to the new Tapered standard, and it has become difficult to buy the right option.
More precisely, the old standard 1 1/8″ forks are still on sale, but mostly these are old models, and the choice is very small, while the prices for new options with a Tapered stem can be cheaper. This was already the case with the 1″ headset size, forks under that standard first became a shortage, and then exotic.
But if then it was simply physically impossible to insert a thicker stem of a new fork into the old head tube, now everything is much easier - a fork with a 1 1/8-1.5″ tapered stem can be put into a regular 1 1/8″ head tube. I will write about this a little lower, but for now let's talk about why the size of the steering wheel changes in general.
Size 1 ″ left the scene at one time for the same reason - a small diameter pipe does not give acceptable rigidity in control - the fork “walks” with active braking and taxiing, and the more the rider weighs, the more it feels.
The steerer stem size of the new forks remains the same 1 1/8" at the top while the bottom has been enlarged to 1.5". The larger diameter of the stem and head tube gave the necessary rigidity.
Is it necessary for a simple skater - perhaps not, in my opinion, he does not ride a bicycle in such modes when the lack of rigidity of the steering rod can be clearly felt. Therefore, we will consider this to be the next marketing ploy for the main market of mountain bikes.
Although I will say that for athletes and those who ride hard and aggressively, the new size turned out to be the topic - especially in combination with the 15mm axle in the front hub, the bike began to behave more predictably.
Tapered steerer fork
However, no matter how hard marketers try to put us on new bikes because of the impossibility of upgrading, there is a way out. At least one I know of is for owners of bikes with semi-integrated 44mm headsets (a very common headset).
So, if you want to put a tapered steerer fork in your frame with a conventional headset, then this one can help you wonderful steering wheel from NukeProof.
The top cup is regular 1 1/8, but the bottom cup is 1.5 outside, and it all fits into a regular cylindrical head tube. The main condition is that your bike must have a head tube specifically for a semi-integrated head tube with an internal size of 44mm, ZS (ZeroStack) standard.
I know for a lot of cyclists head tube standards are a dark forest, but if you want to upgrade your forks, you have to figure it out, it's easy.
What are the steering columns on a bicycle
In general, there are a lot of standards for steering, I will describe only a few of the most common among mountain bikes.
Semi-integrated ZeroStack (ZS) headset
It is easy to distinguish this type of steering wheel - between the plastic protection and the steering cup you will see a metal insert - this is the cup where the bearing lies. In the picture below, the cup is red.
In the steering cup, under the cups (top and bottom), seats are machined, where they are pressed. Bearings, open ball or closed industrial, are inserted into the cups, and all this is clamped by offset through spacer rings.
There is also a similar design, I don’t even know exactly what it’s called, the cups are also pressed into the steering cup, but unlike the ZS, the bearings are not hidden inside the cup, but are located outside, which is why the diameter of the pipe is smaller than the diameter of the cups.
Integrated steering
This type of steering differs from the previous one in that there are no cups - seats for cartridge bearings are machined right in the steering cup itself.
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I know there are other ways to put a tapered fork on a regular frame, at least I've heard of a Cane Creek lower head tube that accepts a 1.5″ taper stem.
Also, if there is a need to put a fork with a regular 1 1/8 stem in a frame with a tapered head tube, then there are adapters, but they didn’t come across my eyes, who knows, write in the comments.
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