What is the difference between the concepts of "propiska" and "registration" in Russian law. What is the difference between residence and registration

29.04.2019

One of the issues that worries citizens so much is the difference between registration and registration. And many consider it one and the same. However, if you need to change your place of residence often, it’s still worth sorting out this issue, and getting the latest data. Let's take a closer look at the terminology and rules in force as of 2019.

Registration of citizens in the Russian Federation

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First of all, there is no concept of “propiska” in the legislation of the Russian Federation, it is a purely household name. Usually this word means permanent registration. But this is not the only type of registration of citizens.

The task of accounting for citizens is to ensure the implementation of the rights and obligations of a citizen associated with this place. So that in which case it can be found, as well as to secure the right of a person to live in this place.

Also, registration allows a citizen to register at a polyclinic, enroll in a school or kindergarten at the current place of residence.

Kinds

Russian legislation provides for the following types of registration of citizens:

. It is fixed in the passport until the time you move to permanent residence from your last apartment. Related to permanent registration is the term "place of residence", which refers to the apartment or house in which you are registered.
. Its task is to ensure that the authorities know where you currently live. For example, if you decide at the moment to live with relatives. If you don't, you're breaking the law. Within 90 days, you can not report your whereabouts anywhere, but if this period passes, then you need to register in a week. An exception is if you live with close relatives or in a hostel of the same subject of the Russian Federation where your permanent residence permit is located. The term "place of residence" is associated with time.

The legislative framework

The legislative base concerning the concept of propiska is small. A person can move freely in cases where there are no restrictions from law enforcement agencies with registration.

This is established by an act of 1993.

This is the main document that establishes the procedure for registration, the cases in which it is necessary and in which it is not. In general, it regulates issues related to temporary or permanent registration.

But the punishment for incorrect indication of the place of registration is provided for by the law, which is higher after 20 years - legal act No376 of 12/21/13, according to which each tenant is obliged to notify the place where the apartment is being rented.

Registration and registration: what's the difference?

So, registration and registration: what's the difference? From a legislative point of view, the first concept does not exist at all, therefore, they cannot be compared in the legal field. But purely at the household level, using the acquired knowledge, we conclude: registration is one of the forms of registration in a certain place of residence. And to compare, respectively, you need temporary and permanent registration. The term "propiska" existed in Soviet times and was a form of control over citizens.

Registration in the Russian Federation is also a means by which the state can find any person it needs, and the goals are the same, just not so tough.

In Soviet times, even living in a place other than registration was punishable. Most often, temporary registration is needed for long business trips, or when a citizen of the Russian Federation lives in rented housing in a city, while he is registered in a village, for example. Such cases are quite frequent.

At the place of residence

This is an indication of your place of permanent residence. Usually this is your own apartment or relatives' housing, depending on age, as well as certain life circumstances. Summons to the court, letters from tax authorities and other government agencies come to the address of the place of residence.

Employment to work without permanent residence is quite a challenge, and not every employer will take such a risk.

A bank loan also cannot be issued if there is no permanent residence permit. But a microloan may well be issued to persons without registration, although the interest is much higher.

Place of registration (temporary)

It is usually granted for a period of 90 to 180 days with a subsequent possible extension. In general, the period of temporary registration does not exceed five years, although there are exceptions. Its characteristic feature is the lack of the right to dispose of housing. However, any free public service can be provided.

If a person lives in the city, but does not have temporary registration, he will be denied, for example, medical care. All that such a person can count on is ambulance. In this case, the person cannot count on outpatient treatment.

Also, a temporary residence permit makes it possible to apply to government agencies. For registration, the written consent of the owner of the property is required.

Main differences

The difference between temporary registration and permanent registration can be summarized in several points:

Temporary registration is carried out for a relatively short period, while registration is issued without a specific period.
The place of residence is fixed in the passport, while the right to temporary registration gives a special certificate.
Permanent registration gives the opportunity to use the property (with certain nuances), while temporary registration provides only the opportunity to live in this territory.
Without permanent registration a citizen can stay no more than a week. Without temporary - no more than 3 months (1 month - 30 calendar days).

How to apply?

Making a residence permit or temporary registration is not such a difficult task as it seems at first glance. It is enough to follow a simple algorithm:

Obtaining owner consent. This applies to both permanent registration and temporary registration. Here you need to consider the type of property. If the apartment is municipal, then permission from the authorities is required. If its owner is a person, then written approval from this citizen is necessary. In addition, family ties are taken into account. If they are, it is not difficult to register a person. If not, a certain area should be allocated to one person, this is if the apartment is municipal. If privatized, there are no problems.
Prepare documents.
To write an application.
Go to one of two structures: the passport office or the MFC, where a person’s passport is taken away until changes in registration are made.

What documents are needed?

To apply for permanent or temporary registration, submit to the passport office or IFIC:

passports, your documents are needed, as well as the owner of the apartment for which registration will be issued if you yourself do not own it;
if you own, you just need to provide evidence that proves your right to own housing;
the consent of the owner of the housing to register in it, and you can also provide an extract from the house book, for the requirement, if the apartment is municipal, then permission from state bodies is required;
if necessary, it is important to provide a certificate of family composition;
if the housing is not privatized, then a social contract of employment should be provided.

And if you decide to check out from the previous address, you must also provide arrival and departure sheets to the passport office or the IFIC. This is if the registration is an adult. If a minor, then you also need his birth certificate with the consent of the second raising person (parent or guardian) for registration.

Is it possible to have two registrations at the same time?

The old Soviet institution of propiska is a thing of the past - instead of it, there is now registration of citizens at the place where they live. And, unlike registration, registration can be both permanent and temporary. Let's see what is the difference between them, and how it looks in practice for ordinary citizens.

✔ Goals.

Permanent registration is the main type of relationship between the state and citizens in the field of registration. There are several purposes for which this institution exists:

Opportunity for citizens to exercise their rights granted to them by the Constitution and other regulations. For example, everyone in our country is guaranteed the right to vote in elections to both federal and regional or municipal authorities. However, in order for a citizen to vote, he must be registered in the territory of a certain polling station. Without this, it is impossible to avoid double voting in different precincts. In addition, it is up to local residents to decide which of the candidates is worthy of taking the place of a deputy at local elections - otherwise it turns out both illogical and unfair.
The need for citizens to fulfill their obligations to the state. It is with the help of registration that taxation is carried out - and the military registration and enlistment offices draw up lists of conscripts based on data on who is registered on their territory.
Statistical accounting. Knowing how many people live in a certain city or area, the authorities can plan policies and actions aimed at the development of this territory.

✔ Who can receive and where.

Anyone who can prove their right to reside in a certain territory can register on a permanent basis. The following can be used as grounds:

Ownership of an apartment, cottage, room in a communal apartment, etc.
The contract of social rent, concluded with the municipal government.
Agreement on the provision of service housing at the place of work.

In a word, in order to register, you need, for some reason, to have housing in the corresponding locality.

Any citizen of our country can obtain permanent registration. In this case, it should be borne in mind that there are several special rules:

Registration confirms the right to live in a certain premises. The one who has lost the right must be deregistered - but having a stamp in the passport about "propiska" has the right to claim that he was allowed to go where he is registered. Registration itself does not replace other grounds for residence - but often proves to be the decisive argument in a conflict.
Children must be registered with a parent or other person who has parental responsibility.
Registration and ownership of housing are two different things. It is possible to be the owner of an apartment and have registration in another place - and it is possible to be registered without even having a share in the right to housing.
For those Russians who belong to peoples with a nomadic lifestyle and therefore do not have permanent housing, registration is also provided - without indicating the exact address in one of settlements near the nomad route.

✔ For foreign citizens.

When it comes to foreigners, you need to be guided by other rules. Since the above regulations apply primarily to Russians, for foreigners you need to use the following:

Federal Law No. 109-FZ “On Migration Registration of Foreigners and Stateless Persons in the Russian Federation” dated July 18, 2006
Federal Law; No. 115-FZ "On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation" dated July 25, 2002
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 9 "On the procedure for the implementation of migration registration of foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Russian Federation" dated January 15, 2007 No.
Administrative regulations for the provision of the Federal Migration Service with state services for the implementation of migration registration in the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Federal Migration Service of Russia dated August 29, 2013 No. 364.

According to these legislation, in order to register a foreigner, it is necessary:

Don't break deadlines. Time for registration - 7 days, excluding holidays and weekends.
Provide information on the details of the documents that prove the identity of a foreigner (passport, migration card, etc.).
Have a legal reason for a foreigner to be on Russian territory.

Registration is carried out by contacting the local branch of the FMS, or by filling out and sending by mail special form notifications. At the same time, it must be borne in mind that even permanent registration (for example, for foreigners who own housing in Russia) does not give them the right to stay in our country longer than established by the relevant regulatory acts of Russia or agreements with its country.

✔ Order of receipt.

Every citizen who has changed his place of residence is obliged to submit documents for permanent registration within 7 days from the moment they were deregistered at the same place. Moreover, simultaneous deregistration and registration is allowed. This is usually practiced when the new housing is located on the territory served by the same FMS body as the former one.

Registration takes place in the following ways:

Through the FMS office at the place of new residence.
Through the MFC, where state or municipal services are provided to citizens.
Through an organization that manages an apartment building.
Through the Internet portal of public services. In this case, you still have to come to the appointment and get a stamp in your passport, but you can choose the time and not wait until the documents are checked.

The procedure is as follows: a citizen who wishes to obtain permanent registration submits a package of documents established by law to an authorized employee of an organization that provides the relevant services. The employee, in turn, within 3 days is obliged to check the data available in the documents (if necessary, requesting the missing information from other state bodies) and either register the citizen or give a reasoned refusal to register.

In the event that a citizen himself does not apply for registration, the owner or tenant of the housing in which he lives is obliged to notify the registration authorities. He has 3 days to do so. If he does not do this, he will also be responsible for violating the registration rules. The only exception is the situation when one of the close relatives of the owner or tenant lives in an apartment or room without registration - in this situation, he is not obliged to notify them.

✔ Documents for registration.

To register, a Russian citizen will need the following set of documents:

Identification. Usually, it is a Russian civil passport, but other documents are also allowed.
Statement. Its form was established by the FMS of the Russian Federation in 2012. You can get a sample either at the local departments of the Federal Migration Service or the Ministry of Internal Affairs, or download it from the official websites of state bodies or from reference legal systems.
Documents confirming the right to live in an apartment, house, room, etc. Anything can be considered as such documents - from the consent of the owner of the housing for registration to a court decision establishing the right to use the apartment or room.

It should be noted that in the case when registration is carried out in a municipal apartment under a social lease agreement, supporting documents may not be provided: the registration authorities request them on their own.

✔ Timing and cost.

Permanent registration is therefore called permanent because it is not limited by any time limits. As long as a citizen uses housing and lives in it (even with trips to another territory), he remains registered at his former place of residence.

The cost of this public service is as follows:

For Russians - free of charge.
For foreigners or persons without citizenship - 350 rubles.

✔ Responsibility.

In the event that the registration rules are violated, the perpetrators will face the following punishment:

Citizens who have violated the terms of registration will have to pay from 2 to 3 thousand rubles, and in Moscow or St. Petersburg - already from 3 to 5 thousand.
Tenants or homeowners who have not ensured timely registration of tenants will pay from 2 to 5 thousand, and in the two largest Russian cities - already from 5 to 7 thousand.
If the registration rules were violated by officials, they will face a fine of 25 to 50 thousand, and in Moscow or St. Petersburg, respectively - no less than 30 thousand.
If there are violations on the part of organizations, they are fined from 250 to 700 thousand, and in the two cities mentioned above - already from 300 to 800 thousand.
If the owner or tenant did not report tenants living without registration, he will have to pay from 2 to 3 thousand (in Moscow and St. Petersburg - already from 3 to 5), and legal entities- from 4 to 7 (in the two main cities - from 7 to 10 thousand).
Finally, if the person responsible for registration did not submit the documents submitted by the citizen on time or provided false data for registration, the fine will be from 3 to 5 thousand.

○ Temporary registration.

✔ What is.

In addition to permanent, Russian legislation also provides for temporary registration of citizens - already in the place where they, although they do not live permanently, but stay for quite a long time.
Registration rules indicate that this type of registration is required where a citizen intends to spend 90 days or more outside his usual place of residence. It is in this case that he must obtain temporary registration.

It should be noted that permanent and temporary registration do not cancel each other. Absolutely normal and legal is the situation when a person, having a “permanent residence permit” in one city, stays in another for months.

✔ Goals.

Like permanent, temporary registration is a form of notification by a person of state and municipal authorities about exactly where he is located and where he intends to exercise his rights and fulfill his duties. It is temporary registration that allows a citizen to:

Receive medical care within the framework of CHI (commercial medical services can be provided to anyone and anywhere).
Arrange children in municipal children's institutions (kindergartens, schools, etc.).
Be officially employed (many employers pay attention to where their employee is registered).
Interact with law enforcement, etc.

✔ Who can receive and where.

Any Russian, foreigner or stateless person who has legal grounds to be in a certain territory and use residential premises can obtain temporary registration. Typically, temporary registration is carried out:

In hotels or sanatoriums for long stays.
In hostels for employees or students.
In housing that is rented under a commercial or social contract of employment.
In nursing homes.

This is not a complete list of places. In fact, temporary registration is possible in almost any room that belongs to the category of housing.

✔ For foreign citizens.

The following rules apply to temporary registration for foreign citizens:

If a foreigner or stateless person lives in a hotel, camping, is treated in a hospital or is in another similar institution, all registration issues must be resolved by the administration of this organization.
If he lives in own house or rents a house from one of the citizens of Russia - he must personally contact the migration service no later than 7 days from the date of entry into the country.

To get registered, he will need:

Passport of your country or other document confirming your identity.
Application in the prescribed form.
Migration card.

Documents are sent to the FMS either by mail or using the State Services portal.

✔ Order of receipt.

To obtain temporary registration, a Russian citizen must take one of the following actions:

Personally appear at the local branch of the FMS with originals and copies of documents.
Send the application and documents by mail. In this case, in response, after checking the documents, you will receive a notification about the need to appear at the FMS and receive a certificate in your hands. It is usually issued within an hour after the appearance of the citizen.
Use the portal "Gosuslugi". In this case, as with the submission of documents by mail, you will have to appear in person for the certificate.

There are two forms of registration in Russia: permanent and temporary, which have a number of fundamental differences from each other. The difference between them and the procedure for registration are prescribed in the Housing, Civil Codes, as well as in the Federal Law “On the right of citizens to freedom of movement”.

Permanent registration is registration by . Permanent registration is also often referred to in everyday life as propiska, although this term is legally incorrect. According to Art. 20 Civil Code The place of residence is understood as the place where the citizen permanently or predominantly resides. Accordingly, there can be only one registration.

If a citizen changes his place of residence, then he must first check out at the old address and only then - at the new one.

Permanent registration involves putting a stamp in the passport indicating the address of residence. It allows the propiska owner to receive certain privileges:

Opportunity to participate in relation to public housing.
Possibility of living in the specified housing area.
The possibility of refusing to grant the right to register on the living space of third parties.
The possibility of registration of their close relatives jointly in the living space.

When registering permanently, a citizen is more legally protected. He may not worry that he can be discharged at the request of the premises.

The presence of a residence permit gives the owner a wide range of rights and protects him in the event that the apartment is sold to another owner.

The essence and features of temporary registration

After submission required documents a citizen must issue a temporary registration within 3 days. A citizen also has the right to transfer documents remotely through the mail or the MFC. In this case, this period may be extended.

If additional verification is necessary (for example, to send a request to the address of the last residence of a person), the terms for setting up can be up to 8 days.

A citizen may be denied registration at the place of stay only in exceptional circumstances. For example, if the area of the premises is too small, the citizen has violated the rules of registration or did not provide the entire list of necessary documents.

Thus, temporary and permanent registration have a number of fundamental differences that cannot be ignored when it is necessary to register a citizen.

There are no related articles.

Changing the place of residence forces one to face such concepts as “propiska” and “registration”. But the terminology is clear only to specialists in this field.

However, even a simple person can easily penetrate into the existing concepts.

The word "registration" is more often used by the people. The concept of "registration" is pronounced by civil servants and employees of the passport office.

What is the difference between registration and registration, how are these concepts similar and different. Under what conditions can a person register at the place of residence.

How to understand

The concept of “propiska” does not exist in the legislation, but people actively use it to determine permanent registration at the place of residence. It is displayed as a stamp in the passport indicating the address.

Permanent registration is the place where a person lives. It is at this address that they look for violators, send letters from the tax authorities, the pension fund.

Without a permanent residence permit, it is impossible to get a loan or find a job.

Registration at the place of residence is mandatory for all citizens of the country. It is issued indefinitely, and it is impossible to discharge a person without his consent.

The second concept is temporary registration. It is issued for a fixed period, usually no more than 5 years.

Temporary registration does not give rights to property, but a person has the right to live at the specified address throughout the entire period.

It is necessary to receive free medical services and apply to government agencies.

Without a temporary residence permit, you can only count on an ambulance. Outpatient treatment will be denied to a non-resident.

Legal acts

Main legislative act, in which both concepts are regulated, is .

It defines the rights of a Russian citizen to free movement in the absence of restrictions, as well as the right to choose a place of residence and registration.

The legislation establishes the requirement of temporary or permanent registration when changing the place of residence.

Registration is carried out taking into account several factors:

If it is necessary to register a person in a municipal apartment owned by state or regional authorities, then it is taken into account that the plan can be carried out only with the permission of the authorities.

The owner of the housing is indicated in the social tenancy agreement, this body must be contacted to obtain permission.

Close relatives can be registered without problems. But the registration of strangers is carried out on the condition that each tenant has a certain number of square meters.

Registration in a privatized apartment has no restrictions on the number of people.

Any citizen can register the owner, regardless of the presence of family ties.

Each tenant registered in the apartment is responsible for the safety of the premises and must not violate the rights of neighbors.

He is responsible for paying utility bills.

To register a new tenant, you will need to follow several steps:

Prepare documents.
To write an application.
Contact the passport office or the MFC.

Registration registration lasts from 3 to 10 days. At this time, the applicant's passport is taken away.

Required documents

For registration at the place of residence, you will need to prepare the following documents:

Prepared documents must be presented at the passport office or MFC.

If everything is in order, then the service readiness dates are indicated. The result must be collected personally.