As everyone knows, this is an integral part of absolutely any car. Therefore, it directly depends on its condition whether you can fully, using all the possibilities, use your four-wheeled friend. Without it, in principle, you will be able to go, but, however, only from the hill. So my advice to you is to respect the battery. Next, I will try to teach you how to operate the battery so that it can serve you faithfully for a long time.
Storage and transportation
It should be noted that car batteries that are dry charged do not require maintenance. They must be stored in a cool dry place. They must not be allowed to freeze, which means there must be a positive temperature. As for batteries that are flooded, they should be charged when the electrolyte density drops - more than 1.21 kg / l. Storage and transportation of such batteries must be carried out in an upright position in order to protect it from pouring electrolyte. When transporting, you should also prevent the battery from turning over.
Battery Care
While you are using the battery, dirt and dust are sure to accumulate on its surface, which can become a very good conductor of electric current. And as a result of this, your battery will slowly but surely discharge until it is completely discharged. The conclusion suggests itself - the battery must be cleaned in the same way as the car itself. For this case, it is best to use a soda solution. It perfectly neutralizes the electrolyte, which accidentally got on the surface of the battery.
To protect the battery, some motorists cover it with plastic wrap. This, of course, can be done, but the film can make it difficult to observe the battery, which, by the way, can swell and crack. This can happen if the batteries are pressurized. This happens when the ventilation holes are clogged. Also, electrolyte accumulates under the film layer, which contributes to the discharge of the battery. As soon as you notice this, you need to clean the plugs. To do this, use a cloth that has been soaked in a soda solution.
In summer, it is necessary to check at least once a week, and in winter even more often, about once every three to four days. A gross violation will be the operation of the battery if the plates are bare. This may lead to battery failure.
Recharging the battery
Charging a dry-charged battery is as follows: fill in the electrolyte, and recharging is not required. The temperature of the electrolyte and battery, when filling, must be more than 10 degrees. It is necessary to open the caps of the cans, then fill all the cans with electrolyte with a density of 1.28 kg/l up to the mark on the body or 15 mm above the plates. After that, it is necessary to let the battery stand for about 15 minutes, then do not shake the case much, if necessary, then add electrolyte. We tightly twist or press the plugs, if necessary, remove electrolyte particles that have fallen on the battery from the surface. Batteries that are supplied in a flooded form can be immediately installed and used for their intended purpose on a car. Note: if the room temperature is low or the storage conditions are unfavorable, the battery may not provide the required power, which means it needs to be recharged.
In the event that foam begins to form during charging, the reason for this can only be the presence of an impurity in the electrolyte, it is necessary to immediately complete the battery charge. It must be washed with distilled water, and then filled with a new electrolyte.
In order for your battery to serve you for a long time, you should keep it constantly charged. Better even if it is five percent discharged. This is provided by the generator when the battery is running in the car. It carries out a constant recharge while the engine is running. If there is a charge voltage deviation of at least 0.2–0.4 V, then the battery life will be reduced by 25%.
Installing the battery in place
Before installing or removing the battery, be sure to turn off the car engine and do not forget to turn off all electrical equipment. To avoid a short circuit, be sure to check the engine compartment for a forgotten tool. The procedure for removing the battery from the car: first of all, disconnect the “minus” (-) terminal, then the “plus” (+) terminal. After these operations, we calmly take out the battery. Before installing it back, it is necessary to wipe dry the surface on which the battery will be installed. Next, firmly fix it. We clean the terminals and terminals from dirt, lubricate with a thin layer of grease that does not contain acid. The procedure for installing the battery: first we connect the plus (+) terminal, and only then the minus (-) terminal, check that the terminals are firmly fixed.
Installing and removing the battery is very easy
Charging the battery after removing it from the vehicle
Before carrying out, it is necessary to check the electrolyte level and, if necessary, add water to the jars, always distilled, to the mark on the case or 15 mm above the plates. Charge the battery only removed from the car, so as not to spoil it. I draw special attention to the fact that it is necessary to comply with all requirements of the vehicle operating instructions. The battery is charged only with direct current. Charging procedure: connect the plus (+) terminal of the battery to the plus (+) terminal and the minus (-) terminal of the battery to the minus (-) terminal of the charger. The charger is switched on only after it is connected to the battery. When charging is complete, the charger will first turn off before it is disconnected from the battery. The current required for charging is calculated as follows: 42 Ah: 10 = 4.2 A, i.e. it should be ten times less than the capacity of the rechargeable battery. The temperature of the electrolyte should be less than 54 degrees. Above the temperature, charging stops immediately. A sign that charging is complete is the drop in current to zero or the cessation of its decline, there are also devices that turn off charging on their own when the battery is fully charged. Charging is allowed only in a ventilated area. I draw your attention to the fact that when charging the battery, explosive gas is necessarily formed, therefore, the use of open flames is prohibited near, as well as smoking.
Service
To ensure long battery life in your car, follow these very simple rules:
- keep the top cover of the battery clean and tidy at all times;
- do not forget to check the electrolyte level and, if necessary, add distilled water to the jars. Never use acid! If you experience significant water loss, be sure to have your voltage regulator checked by a professional;
- forget about all kinds of modifiers forever.
Engine start and help
Since the car uses ultra-sensitive electronics, assistance when starting the engine must be carried out by special starting devices. When starting the engine using the "vehicle-to-vehicle" method, when the terminals are disconnected, a voltage peak often occurs. It will certainly lead to a complete failure of the electronics, or at least to significant damage to it. Therefore, I suggest you the following rules that will help you avoid undesirable consequences:
- use a certified cable to start the engine;
- do not forget about the instructions for using the cable to start the engine;
- Batteries are connected only with the same nominal voltages.
Turn off both engines before connecting cables. First, the “plus” pole is connected, and only then the “minus” pole of the assisting car is connected to the metal part of the car that assists in starting the engine. The starter of the car assisted in starting is turned on for no more than 10-15 seconds, while the engine of the helping car does not start. The cables are disconnected in reverse order.
Battery storage
After charging the battery, it must be stored in a cool place, but not at sub-zero temperatures. When leaving the battery in the car, be sure to disconnect the "minus" terminal. Be sure to check the battery charge periodically.
With all the variety of batteries, the rules for care are the same
Causes of deterioration and failure of the battery
And now I propose to deal with the reasons for the failure of the batteries. This most often happens if:
- manufacturing defects;
- you did not follow the rules for using the battery, as a result of which it failed ahead of time;
- the battery is fully used.
Manufacturing defect. The quality of batteries is ensured during their manufacture. At the end of production, absolutely all batteries are subjected to checks. Defects that were not revealed at the end of production make themselves felt in the first months of operation, after about six to eight months.
Failure before the received time. This is always due to the fact that violations are allowed in compliance with the rules of use, which are indicated in the technical description of the product. The most common phenomena are overcharging or vice versa, undercharging. Overcharging occurs if the level of charging voltage on cars exceeds the norm, this is approximately 14.5 V. Overcharging occurs due to the fact that there are disturbances in the operation mode of the voltage regulator, the cause of which is the failure of its elements. The electrolyte level decreases rapidly due to overcharging, and this can lead to an explosion of batteries. Undercharging occurs, on the contrary, if the supply voltage is less than necessary, i.e. less than 13.8 V. The consequence of this problem will be that the battery, not being fully charged, cannot work at full strength and over time its performance decreases and subsequently fails. Therefore, I recommend checking your battery at least once a month for overcharging or undercharging. I also remind you that if the battery fails during the warranty period, through no fault of yours, it is subject to a free replacement from the manufacturer.
Battery Safety Instructions
Never remove the battery from the vehicle immediately after turning off the engine. It is necessary to wait some time for the gas that was formed during the operation of the engine to escape from the battery. This is due to the fact that while the engine is running, the generator recharges the battery, and as we remember, flammable gas is released during charging. This can only be neglected by a person who does not take care of his health. Indeed, as a result of the explosion of a battery bank, the driver can tear off his fingers.
When removing a battery, always start by disconnecting the negative terminal. The logic here is simple. If you first disconnect the "positive" terminal, then the key may accidentally come into contact with the car body. This will result in a closure.
Be sure to use rubber gloves and goggles when handling electrolyte. If the electrolyte comes into contact with the skin, severe burns occur, which heal very poorly. If the electrolyte comes into contact with the skin or eyes, immediately rinse the area with plenty of water and consult a doctor.
Video - useful tips when charging the battery
Conclusion!
By following these simple rules, you can significantly extend the life of your battery. Also, the battery must be installed on the car in accordance with the parameters set by the manufacturer. By performing all the recommended operations, you can be sure that the battery will not fail in any, even very difficult situation.
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