- Oh you! Didn't sniff life?! And I am a whole summer, a whole summer: mowing in the morning, milking in the evening, then the cow will farrow, then the chickens rushed ... And then the cherry rose! The beets are spitting!.. You plow like a tractor... And if it rains during drying, huh?
Why am I? And, let's continue about the "unkillable".
Today we have a representative of another German brand: Lanz. During the preparation, I found interesting material: short, to the point, with a history and a large number of illustrations, and most importantly in Russian. To be honest, I don’t see the point in copy-pasting it, or especially processing it - I like almost everything there. Bonus at the end there is a good example of "modeling by hand". Therefore, for those who are interested, I stupidly give a link - there is something to see.
I’ll still sketch a brief summary of the Lanz company for decency:
- 1859 - Heinrich Lanz, the son of the owner of a German forwarding company, opens a division and a small workshop for the import and repair of English agricultural machines within the framework of his father's company (J.P. Lanz & Co), simultaneously actively promoting the mechanization of agriculture among German farmers;
- 1870 - Heinrich Lanz creates his own company Heinrich Lanz & Co;
- 1878 - instead of a workshop, a full-fledged enterprise was opened in the city of Mannheim for the production of various agricultural equipment, mainly locomobiles and threshers;
- 1900 - participation in the Paris Exhibition, where the most powerful locomobile at that time was presented, giving out power of 260 hp, and with a short-term overload, even 450 hp;
- 1905 - Heinrich Lanz dies, leaving the company to his son - Karl Lanz. At that time, this was one of the largest, and even the largest enterprise in Europe, boasting a staff of 3,000 employees, an annual production of approximately 900 threshing machines and 1,400 locomotives, representative offices throughout Europe, including Moscow, Odessa, Rostov-on-Don and Warsaw;
- 1910 - a new record - a locomobile with a capacity of 1000 hp was shown at an exhibition in Brussels;
- 1911 - the beginning of the production of Schütte-Lanz airships, of which 22 were built until 1918;
- 1912 - construction of a self-propelled cultivator "Köszegi" with a four-cylinder engine of 70 hp. In the same year, a heavy tractor Lanz "Landbaumotor" (Landbaumotor), which was purchased by the military department for towing artillery pieces, was built. The Lanz firm is also becoming a major military supplier;
- 1921 - the first produced Bulldog tractor - HL 12, designed by Fritz Huber (Fritz Huber), the ancestor of the family of single-cylinder semi-diesel tractors, the descendants of which continued to be produced until 1960;
- 1926 - the HR2 tractor was released - the layout solutions of this tractor formed the basis for all subsequent Lanz tractors;
- 1945 - the plant is destroyed by 90%. The restoration and production of pre-war models of tractors begins with the gradual refinement of their designs;
- 1956 - the takeover of Lanz by John Deere and the release of new tractors under the brand name John Deere - Lanz;
- 1960 - the cessation of production of Bulldog tractors and the start of production of John Deere tractors;
- the disappearance of the Lanz name from the name of the company - the Mannheim plant is now just one of the European John Deere plants.
A good example of the model performance of the Lanz tractor from Schuco was shown by a colleague vestto
.
As part of the European magazine series Hachette, a post-war version of the Lanz D 8506 tractor was released. The 85 series (HR 7) of tractors used a horizontal 10.3-liter 1-cylinder two-stroke engine. In the long-term mode, it developed up to 30 hp, with short-term (up to 1 hour) work on the PTO pulley, it was possible to remove up to 35 hp. What is the main reason for the popularity of these machines? Firstly, this is their omnivorousness - the engine could run both on diesel fuel, kerosene, oil, and on waste or even vegetable oil. Secondly, the machines were technically simple and, as a result, inexpensive. A large number of versions (agricultural on steel, rubber wheels and with pneumatic tires; caterpillar versions, road tractors with different types of cabs and more "high-speed" gearboxes) also contributed to production volumes. And of course, these were quite reliable cars, which allowed a large number of them to survive to this day, incl. without interrupting employment. In Germany it is a very popular type of "retro tractor" with a large number of fan clubs and festivals. So in terms of "legendary" they are quite comparable with the Khanomagi and other well-deserved German marks.
The launch of these machines is typical. To begin with, it was required to warm up the glow head of the engine with a blowtorch. After it warmed up and pumped fuel with a hand pump, the steering wheel was removed from its regular place and with its help the flywheel mounted on the engine crankshaft was spun. You can see video. After that, on this puffing and shaking unit, you can ride in the field, and so ride :)
Grandfathers of the Russian fleet of the German agricultural tractor industry: 
Let's go back a little in time and with some stretch I will show you the ancestor of the tractor presented above. One of the important milestones in the history of the company was the HL12 tractor, released in 1921. I will show you a photo from one of my "offline" books, and I will consider a model of one of the very similar cars.
I begin the main hoax of the post: I will submenu the German with a rather similar Italian.
Lanz tractors were produced a lot by other firms, both licensed and sometimes without, but under strong influence. An example of such a machine, it seems to me, is the Italian Bubba UTB 3 tractor of 1926. The Bubba company itself began with the fact that at the end of the 19th century, being a small family business with a staff of about 20 blacksmiths and carpenters, it began to build threshers. At that time, Italy, like the rest of Europe, slowly but surely mechanized its agriculture, therefore, in the market, in the absence of large firms, which, for example, in the United States had already managed to form by that time, there were mostly small firms that had grown out of former workshops. . So Bubba, having released their first threshing machine in 1896, began to gradually increase the production of these useful machines.
The Bubba family, like many firms in the industry, took up the production of tractors after the First World War. In 1917-1919, American tractors sold at low prices appeared on the Italian market, which were purchased by Italy to compensate for the decrease in labor in agriculture during the war. Of the 6,500 tractors bought by Italy, 4,527 were sold to the private sector. Their appearance increased interest in tractors and stimulated an increase in demand for tractor equipment. On this wave, in order to keep up with competitors, Bubba in 1924 released their own tractor model. Unlike the American market, the Otto cycle engines did not take root in the Italian market, being considered unreliable and difficult to maintain. The main Italian manufacturers of the time, such as Landini, Orsi, Breda and Casali, produced Lanz-like machines with glow heads and a single horizontal cylinder, thermosiphon cooling and other parallels in design. The first Bubba models were no exception - UTC3, UTC4 and UTC5 (Ulisse trattore Case) were obtained either by installing their own glow engine on the Case tractor, or by overhauling the native engine.
Ulisses, the grandson of the head of the family, Pietro Bubba, became the chief designer of tractors before he graduated from the Polytechnic Institute in Turin. He is considered one of the most prolific and talented designers of glow engines in Italy. In 1926, Bubba released the UTB3 model, which was made by Hachette for the European magazine series. This tractor was already built on its own chassis. A single-cylinder engine with a volume of 11.756 cm3 (piston diameter - 240mm, stroke - 260mm) produced 25-30hp. at 500 rpm. Gearbox with two direct and one reverse gear. The tractor weighed about 3 tons. In 1927, the head of the family, Pietro Bubba, dies. In 1929, the company, like many others, suffered greatly from the global financial crisis, as a result of which in 1930 it was bought by other owners. As a result, from the family company SaS Pietro Bubba & Co is transformed into Bubba SA, and only the technical management of production remains with the family members. In 1929-30, with great financial and other difficulties, Bubba produced one of their most successful and very reliable tractors - UT2. Very many of the approximately 500 issued copies have survived to this day. Bubba also produces several caterpillar tractors: in 1936, the first-born C 35, later replaced by the D 42, Centauro and Ariete models.
In 1936, immediately after the development of the C 35, Ulisses Bubba quarreled with the director, Luigi Lodigiani, and left the company with his father, Federico Bubba. In 1941, the company is renamed società Italtractor and production is transferred to the city of Voghera. After the war, there will be several more changes of ownership and names, the main one being Arbos-Bubba. Post-war tractors already used full-fledged diesel engines, which were purchased from Perkins and Deutz. In 1956, only Arbos remains in the company name. Also periodically changing owners and structure, this company produces grain harvesters, until it finally closes in 1994.
upd: put it in a separate line video link a working tractor, otherwise it was in the old place due to a flaw.
Like a "family" photo:
According to the established tradition, I post "reference" photos: 
Thank you all for your attention!
"Whoever understands life is no longer in a hurry." I don’t know whether the venerable German grandfather Hubert Wirth read the poetry of Omar Khayyam, but his way of life absolutely fits into the philosophy indicated by the famous line of the Persian philosopher. A pensioner from the Bavarian town of Forchheim loves to travel, and as a means of transportation he uses an old German tractor Lanz Bulldog, which pulls a beer barrel on wheels (in fact, it is a mobile sauna converted into a camper).
But why on a tractor? Herr Wirth answers this question something like this: they say, I am a pensioner, I have a lot of free time, and I like to see the world. But not running, but with feeling, really, with the arrangement. And with stops every hundred kilometers. An old (but quite vigorous) iron Bulldog is capable of doing no more than 20 km / h, so you won’t drive much in a day. Yes, and I don’t really want to: the sociable German, according to him, loves to make new acquaintances. There are no problems with this: his outstanding person, sitting behind the wheel of a pre-war mechanism, always arouses the most keen interest among the public. That's just how to communicate with Hubert, if grandfather does not speak English in principle, not to mention Russian?
In Moscow, a tractor driver stopped at a campsite in Sokolniki, where I went to get to know him and his remarkable tractor. The technology is truly amazing. Let's start with the fact that the Lanz Bulldog is the most common tractor in the world. At one time, it was so popular both in Germany itself and abroad that the very name of the model among the Germans became a household name: they call all small tractors bulldogs. And the "bulldog" is interesting for its motor.
| | | In order to start the engine, you first have to heat up the glow chamber with a blowtorch, which is installed directly under the ignition ball. The start-up process takes about 5-10 minutes depending on the air temperature. The sight is almost infernal! In order to start the engine, you first have to heat up the glow chamber with a blowtorch, which is installed directly under the ignition ball. The start-up process takes about 5-10 minutes depending on the air temperature. The sight is almost infernal! |
An interesting design is the Lanz Bulldog tractor. The pre-war history of Lanz.
Only a lover of the history of auto and motorcycle technology today can remember the name of the German company Lanz, but meanwhile, in the first half of the 20th century it was one of the largest manufacturers of tractors and various agricultural equipment in Europe. The company traces its history back to 1859, when a young entrepreneur, Heinrich Lanz, founded the forwarding company J.P. Lanz & Co. Later, a repair shop was built at the company, which was transformed into its own full-fledged production, opened in Mannheim in 1870. The company specializes in casting iron and producing various agricultural machines, manual and steam threshers, locomobiles, multifunctional engines and even ... airships! To assess the scale of this enterprise, it is enough to list the cities in which the company's representative offices were located at the beginning of the 20th century: Breslau, Berlin, Regensburg, Amsterdam, Athens, Moscow, Madrid, Lisbon, Brussels, Budapest, Bucharest, Danzig, Hamburg, Koenigsberg, Cologne, Cairo, Constantinople, Odessa, Munich, Paris, Rostov-on-Don, Sofia, Tunisia, Warsaw. The geography is amazing!
Company founder Heinrich Lanz
Company `s logo
In 1912, one of the first heavy tractors from Lanz, Landbaumotor, with a 15-liter engine with 90 hp. began to be used in the German army for towing heavy guns and targets. Various versions of this tractor were widely used on the fields of the First World War, performing various roles. The most powerful version with a gasoline engine "squeezed out" 120 hp.
photo of Landbau-motor tractor
photo of Landbau-motor tractor
photo of Landbau-motor tractor
photo of Landbau-motor tractor
World War I Lanz artillery tractor
In addition, the company even produced steam rollers!
After the defeat of Germany in the First World War, the company had to concentrate on the production of peaceful products. In 1921, the first Lanz-Bulldog tractor appeared, which became the ancestor of a large family of tractors that were in production from 1921 to 1960. During this time, more than 220 thousand Bulldogs were produced. Thanks to the use of 1-cylinder glow engines, the Lanz Bulldog tractors had two important advantages: unpretentiousness and low cost, which ensured high demand among the burghers.
In the photo: The very first Bulldog, built in 1921.
1929 model with carbide headlights.
A model that could move on rails and was used in large plants and factories.
The smallest bulldog model, which was called Pug.
Now let's concentrate on the main part of this article. Later bulldogs, produced in the 30s and 40s, are the main characters of this work, since I collected models of just such tractors. They differed from earlier machines in higher engine power (range from 20 to 55 hp), dimensions, and chassis. Several main types can be distinguished (moreover, within the framework of one type there were tractors of different models, which could radically differ from each other in appearance, engine power, purpose, etc.:
Lanz Acker-Bulldog - tractors with all-metal wheels for agriculture. The design of their wheels involved the use of tractors on loose soil and movement, mainly on dirt roads. They were created purely for the implementation of work in the field.
In the photo: Acker-Bulldog, aggregated with a grain harvester
In the photo: Acker-Bulldog and on the assembly line of the plant
Lanz Ackerluft-Bulldog - agricultural tractors with conventional tires, which expanded the possibilities of using tractors. They could comfortably move on paved roads, respectively, the range of tasks to be solved was not limited to field work. These tractors could also tow trailers with goods between the village and the city.
In the photo: Ackerluft-Bulldog and at arable work
Please note that the picture shows a tractor with dual rear wheels to reduce ground pressure
Lanz Verkehrs-Bulldog - tractor-tractors for towing goods on a trailer, equipped with wheels with rubber tires or with conventional tires. Initially created to move on roads with hard ground and use outside of agriculture. Widely used by transport companies, in industry during road construction.
In the photo: a certain water pump attached to a Lanz Verkehrs-Bulldog
In the photo: transportation of some kind of barrel, obviously light.
Lanz Bulldog Raupe. This is a caterpillar version of a regular bulldog, which differed markedly from the main version. The main difference was the caterpillar chassis and control levers instead of the steering wheel. It was also intended mainly for the needs of agriculture, providing much better maneuverability and lower ground pressure than wheeled versions.
Lanz Bulldog Raupe
Lanz Bulldog Raupe
Lanz Bulldog Raupe
Lanz Eil-Bulldog (speedy bulldog). Unlike classic tractors, they were equipped with open cabs equipped with doors, windshields and folding roofs or fully enclosed cabs like trucks, front and rear fenders, car headlights, 6-speed gearboxes, softer suspension and pneumatic tires. These tractors were used to tow heavy trailers with a gross weight of 5-10 tons along the highway, developing a speed of 35-40 km / h. They were mainly used by private transport companies to tow all kinds of cargo.
Lanz Eil-Bulldog
Lanz Eil-Bulldog
Lanz Eil-Bulldog
Lanz Holzgas Bulldog - this branch of evolution appeared involuntarily, due to an acute shortage of fuel in Germany during the Second World War. Tractors of the Ackerluft-, Verkehrs- and Eil-Bulldog versions were equipped with boilers to make it possible to move on coal or wood. Thus, the boiler could be equipped with both a standard agricultural Bulldog, and a tractor or a High-Speed Bulldog.
Lanz Holzgas Bulldog
Lanz Holzgas Bulldog
DESIGN FEATURES
Single-cylinder, horizontal-cylinder glow engines have worked on just about anything that burns, from crude oil and gasoline to vegetable oil and mining. Primary ignition was carried out as follows: before starting the engine, the glow ball was heated using a conventional blowtorch (!).
The lamp heated the incandescent head, made in the form of a spherical cavity, falling into which the fuel instantly evaporated. The ignition of fuel vapors occurred, as in conventional diesel engines - from compression. For a confident start, it was possible to supply fuel with a syringe directly to the glow head. For further work, external heating of the glow chamber was not needed, its temperature was maintained at the desired level due to the combustion of the main fuel. An indispensable part of the design of all "Bulldogs" was a very massive flywheel, which allowed the tractor to move while a single cylinder gathered its thoughts for the next working stroke. Of course, the efficiency of the glow engine was not high, but the ability to pour any flammable liquid into the fuel tank ensured a high demand for these tractors, especially since fuel shortages intensified with each year of the war in the Reich.
The only serious operational disadvantage was the shaking from the heavy cast iron piston moving horizontally in a cylinder with a volume of more than 10 liters, and although later models used compensating sectors on the flywheels, it was not possible to completely eliminate vibrations.
In the photo: "X-ray" of the front of the tractor
A video that well illustrates the process of starting the engine of a Lanz Bulldog tractor. In addition, you can appreciate the very peculiar sound of a running motor.
When I started building a mini-series of Lanz-Bulldog tractors in 35 scale, I could not even imagine how much this topic would capture me. Starting to collect information about these tractors, I was simply confused by the abundance of types and modifications. In order to sort out a little the mess that formed in my head after reading the literature and sites dedicated to Bulldogs, I decided to write a short article. Its main focus was those Bulldog models that were in production in the 1930s and 40s and were used by the Wehrmacht. This material does not claim to be a serious historical study, but rather an attempt to structure the information collected.
_______________________________________________________________________
Only a lover of the history of auto and motorcycle technology today can remember the name of the German company Lanz, but meanwhile, in the first half of the 20th century it was one of the largest manufacturers of tractors and various agricultural equipment in Europe. The company traces its history back to 1859, when a young entrepreneur, Heinrich Lanz, founded the forwarding company J.P. Lanz & Co. Later, a repair shop was built at the company, which was transformed into its own full-fledged production, opened in Mannheim in 1870. The company specializes in casting iron and producing various agricultural machines, manual and steam threshers, locomobiles, multifunctional engines and even ... airships! To assess the scale of this enterprise, it is enough to list the cities in which the company's representative offices were located at the beginning of the 20th century: Breslau, Berlin, Regensburg, Amsterdam, Athens, Moscow, Madrid, Lisbon, Brussels, Budapest, Bucharest, Danzig, Hamburg, Koenigsberg, Cologne, Cairo, Constantinople, Odessa, Munich, Paris, Rostov-on-Don, Sofia, Tunisia, Warsaw. The geography is amazing!
Lanz factory
Company founder Heinrich Lanz
Company `s logo
In 1912, one of the first heavy tractors from Lanz, Landbaumotor, with a 15-liter engine with 90 hp. began to be used in the German army for towing heavy guns and targets. Various versions of this tractor were widely used on the fields of the First World War, performing various roles. The most powerful version with a gasoline engine "squeezed out" 120 hp.
photo of Landbau-motor tractor
World War I Lanz artillery tractor
In addition, the company even produced steam rollers!
After the defeat of Germany in the First World War, the company had to concentrate on the production of peaceful products. In 1921, the first Lanz-Bulldog tractor appeared, which became the ancestor of a large family of tractors that were in production from 1921 to 1960. During this time, more than 220 thousand Bulldogs were produced. Thanks to the use of 1-cylinder glow engines, the Lanz Bulldog tractors had two important advantages: unpretentiousness and low cost, which ensured high demand among the burghers.
The very first Bulldog built in 1921.
1929 model with carbide headlights.
A model that could move on rails and was used in large plants and factories.
The smallest bulldog model, which was called Pug.
Now let's concentrate on the main part of this article. Later bulldogs, produced in the 30s and 40s, are the main characters of this work, since I collected models of just such tractors. They differed from earlier machines in higher engine power (range from 20 to 55 hp), dimensions, and chassis. Several main types can be distinguished (moreover, within the framework of one type there were tractors of different models, which could radically differ from each other in appearance, engine power, purpose, etc.:
Lanz Acker-Bulldog– tractors with all-metal wheels for agriculture. The design of their wheels involved the use of tractors on loose soil and movement, mainly on dirt roads. They were created purely for the implementation of work in the field.
Lanz Ackerluft-Bulldog- agricultural tractors with conventional tires, which expanded the possibilities of using tractors. They could comfortably move on paved roads, respectively, the range of tasks to be solved was not limited to field work. These tractors could also tow trailers with goods between the village and the city.
Please note that the picture shows a tractor with dual rear wheels to reduce ground pressure
Lanz Verkehrs-Bulldog- tractor-tractors for towing goods on a trailer, equipped with wheels with rubber tires or with ordinary tires. Initially created to move on roads with hard ground and use outside of agriculture. Widely used by transport companies, in industry during road construction.
In addition, there were two radically different families: caterpillar and high-speed Bulldogs.
Lanz Bulldog Raupe. This is a caterpillar version of a regular bulldog, which differed markedly from the main version. The main difference was the caterpillar chassis and control levers instead of the steering wheel. It was also intended mainly for the needs of agriculture, providing much better maneuverability and lower ground pressure than wheeled versions.
Lanz Eil-Bulldog(speedy bulldog). Unlike classic tractors, they were equipped with open cabs equipped with doors, windshields and folding roofs or fully enclosed cabs like trucks, front and rear fenders, car headlights, 6-speed gearboxes, softer suspension and pneumatic tires. These tractors were used to tow heavy trailers with a gross weight of 5-10 tons along the highway, developing a speed of 35-40 km / h. They were mainly used by private transport companies to tow all kinds of cargo.
Lanz Holzgas Bulldog- this branch of evolution appeared involuntarily, due to an acute shortage of fuel in Germany during the Second World War. Tractors of the Ackerluft-, Verkehrs- and Eil-Bulldog versions were equipped with boilers to make it possible to move on coal or wood. Thus, the boiler could be equipped with both a standard agricultural Bulldog, and a tractor or a High-Speed Bulldog.
____________________________________________________________
DESIGN FEATURES
Single-cylinder horizontal-cylinder incandescent engines ran on just about anything that burns, from crude oil and gasoline to vegetable oil and waste. Primary ignition was carried out as follows: before starting the engine, the glow ball was heated using a conventional blowtorch (!).
The lamp heated the incandescent head, made in the form of a spherical cavity, falling into which the fuel instantly evaporated. The ignition of fuel vapors occurred, as in conventional diesel engines - from compression. For a confident start, it was possible to supply fuel with a syringe directly to the glow head. For further work, external heating of the glow chamber was not needed, its temperature was maintained at the desired level due to the combustion of the main fuel. An indispensable part of the design of all "Bulldogs" was a very massive flywheel, which allowed the tractor to move while a single cylinder gathered its thoughts for the next working stroke. Of course, the efficiency of the glow engine was not high, but the ability to pour any flammable liquid into the fuel tank ensured a high demand for these tractors, especially since fuel shortages intensified with each year of the war in the Reich.
The only serious operational disadvantage was the shaking from the heavy cast iron piston moving horizontally in a cylinder with a volume of more than 10 liters, and although later models used compensating sectors on the flywheels, it was not possible to completely eliminate vibrations.
A video that well illustrates the process of starting the engine of a Lanz Bulldog tractor. In addition, you can appreciate the very peculiar sound of a running motor!
_________________________________________________________________
IN MILITARY SERVICE
During the Second World War, Lanz Bulldog tractors were actively used not only in the rear, but also in the armed forces. As you know, with the beginning of the militarization of Germany, all motor vehicles were standardized in the interests of the army and to simplify mass production. For example, trucks and semi-tracked tractors were divided into several main classes according to their characteristics, and factories could produce only these vehicles. Everything else was taken out of production. In 1939, the military standardization program also affected Lanz tractors. Bulldog-Programm included six types of tractors, differing in engine power (15, 20, 25, 35, 45, 55 hp). Throughout the war, these tractors were actively used in the Wehrmacht for towing various trailers and cargo, and in the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as airfield and port tractors.
After the end of the war, the Bulldogs did not lose popularity, because in devastated Germany the need for omnivorous and unpretentious tractors only increased! Modernized Bulldogs were produced until 1960. Moreover, copies of Bulldogs were produced in a number of countries in the late 40s: Lanz Iberica in Spain, Le Percheron in France, KL Bulldog in Australia, Ursus in Poland and El Pampa in Argentina.
Pages from the instructions for using Bulldog tractors
Pages from the instructions for using Bulldog tractors
In 1956, Heinrich Lanz AG was taken over by Deere & Company, a major American agricultural machinery manufacturer, and renamed "John Deere-Lanz". In 1960, along with the discontinuation of the Bulldog family of tractors, the Lanz name sank into oblivion. But the story does not end there, the name Bulldog has become a household name. Until now, all small tractors in Germany are called Bulldogs.
By the way, at present in Germany there are several clubs of connoisseurs of Lanz Bulldog tractors and a huge number of these interesting machines are scattered in private collections. Anyone can see all this diversity with their own eyes, during regular meetings and competitions of tractor owners and during village holidays.
