The Hyundai Motor CIS company announced the expansion of the Hyundai Creta trim levels in the Russian market. The compact crossover version with a 1.6-liter engine, 6-speed manual or automatic transmission can now be equipped with an all-wheel drive system. Previously, only cars with a 2.0-liter engine and a 6-speed automatic transmission were equipped with it.
The company hopes that thanks to this adjustment, the share of all-wheel drive configurations of the model will exceed 50%.
Hyundai Creta with all-wheel drive, 1.6-liter engine and manual transmission in the Active package will cost 964 900 rubles. Creta 4x4 with 1.6L engine and automatic transmission in Comfort Plus package is affordable 1,134,900 rubles.
In addition, the top-end Comfort package has been updated, from today it is called Comfort Plus and costs 20,000 rubles more. However, it is difficult to call it an increase in price, because not only its name has changed, but also its content, which now includes projection-type headlights with static turn signal lamps when turning the steering wheel, front fog lamps and LED daytime running lights. Previously, this equipment was part of the Style package, and now it has been included in the "body" of the top version. For the mid-range Active, these features are now available in the new Light package for an extra charge.
Standard equipment on all Creta versions includes: 16-inch steel wheels, a full-size spare wheel, an audio system with USB connectors, AUX, driver and passenger airbags, ABS + EBD, a stabilization system with hill start and downhill assistance , steering wheel height adjustment, driver's seat height adjustment, Bluetooth, power windows for the front and rear doors, radio control buttons on the steering wheel, as well as the ERA-GLONASS emergency call system.
- , we became aware of this thanks to the Brazilian edition of Car and Driver. The budget truck should be put into production in mid-2018.
- Hyundai's stand at the Moscow Motor Show was completely dominated.
- Its closest competitor Kaptur in the top-end configuration will cost 15 thousand rubles cheaper, but it has a 4-speed automatic, and not a 6-speed, like the Crete. True, its equipment is a little richer.
- According to the results of February, the model is in the top five most popular cars on the Russian market. A total of 4,055 units were sold, and Renault Kaptur took only 17th place, with 1,838 such cars purchased in February.
Usage: a projection type headlight intended for self-propelled vehicles, in which between the screen 3 and the lens 4 at the bottom side of the latter there is a reflective segment 5, the reflective surface of which is located at the side of the lens 4 and is inclined at an angle (i 5) in vertical section. The objective 4 is followed by a refractor provided with strip lenses 62 of diameter (R) and width (H), the lenses covering the reflective surface 51 of the segment 5. The reflective surface 51 is either circularly symmetrical or planar. 5 z.p. f-ly, 4 ill.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a projection-type headlamp intended for self-propelled vehicles, wherein the headlamp has an increased intensity of illumination by a passing light beam above the border of light and darkness and an increased penetration of light into fog. In the case of well-known elliptical diopter headlamps comprising an elliptical reflector, a screen and a lens, the lens is designed to divert the light beam from the reflector in such a way that it is almost completely directed below the horizontal plane, so that the illumination intensity above said plane is minimal. This makes it possible to reduce the glare of drivers of passing vehicles, but on the other hand, due to poor illumination, the perception of vertical traffic signs or signals is limited, since the brightness of the transmitting surfaces of such signs when illuminated by such headlights is relatively low. This reduced illumination intensity above the light-dark boundary does not allow the driver to sufficiently control his activities in the upper part of the operating space. This can have a negative effect on any movement on unpaved and unlit roads, in particular in the absence of the so-called silhouette visibility created by the light of passing cars. Known headlight for self-propelled vehicles, containing a concave reflector for light integration, a light source located in the inner part of the reflector, a lens, a refractor, and a screen located between the reflector and the lens. The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art as mentioned above and to provide an improved headlight comprising a concave reflector which is designed to integrate the light generated by the light source. A screen is provided in front of the reflector to establish and form the upper part of the beam of transmitted light or light in the fog, and a lens to display the contrast of the brightness of the dark surface of the background screen of the light reflector on the road. On the underside of the lens according to the present invention, a reflective segment is provided, the reflective surface of which faces the lens. In a vertical section, the reflective surface has a slope of the radius of the lens focal hole and forms a circularly symmetrical, flat or arbitrarily formed surface. Light from the face of the reflector hits the reflective surface of the reflective segment, and the lens creates an image of said surface in the upper half of the space. In the case where the headlamp is provided with a refractor placed behind the lens, the light beam coming from the reflective segment is propagated to the sides by means of a strip lens zone which is formed on the refractor and which covers the lower part of the lens. In this case, it is possible to provide an optimal level of illumination intensity above the border of light and darkness, both in terms of illumination and glare, and improving the visibility of vertical road signs and road markings, as well as any possible obstacles and pedestrians, and, in addition, improving the orientation of the driver when driving on unlit roads and control the position and movement of the vehicle in the forward direction. The preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a vertical section A-A of a headlight; figure 2 shows a view of the P phase in the direction of the light beam; figure 3 shows a horizontal section B-B refractor headlights; figure 4 shows the projection of the light rays of the headlights on the roadway. As can be seen from the drawings and, in particular, from figure 1, the light source 2 of the headlamp is located on the axis 12 and close to the top 11 of the concave (parabolic) reflector 1. The light source 2 is formed by a transversely or axially oriented body of approximately cylindrical shape, for example spiral filament of an incandescent lamp or other discharge tube. The reflector 1 is followed by a screen 3, the edge 31 of which is on the same horizontal line with the fog lamp and at the same time diverges from the dipped beam headlamp. Further from the screen 3 at a distance X F from it is a lens 4 with a diameter D (figure 2), which is designed to collimate the beams 13, 14 coming from the reflector 1. Closer to the lens 4 at its lower side is a reflective segment 5 having a reflective surface 51, located close to the mentioned lens 4, and its angle of inclination i 5 corresponds to the equation: i 5 (2 -1/2 -2 1/2) ags tg (D/X F , (1) where D is the diameter of the lens 4; X F distance between the screen 3 and the lens 4. The angle i 5 is either constant in the longitudinal direction or varies in a given range along the length, while the vertical size of the light beam formed by it can be adjusted.The reflective surface 51 of the reflective segment 5 is either symmetrical in the circular direction with respect axis 52 of this segment 5, or planar.Farther from the lens 4 is a refractor 6, equipped with strip lenses 62. In FIG. 2 shows an objective 4, a reflective segment 5 and a refractor 6 with a zone 61 of a strip lens 62, said zone 61 completely or partially covering the reflective surface 51 of the reflective segment 5. The strip lenses 62 of the refractor 6 are arranged approximately in a vertical position. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the B-B section of the refractor 6 in zone 61 shows the reflective profile of the lenses 62, the width H of which corresponds to the equation H (0.2 2 1/2)R, (2) where R is the diameter of the strip lenses 62. On a roadway comprising a centerline 81, a left shoulder 82 and a right shoulder 83, Figure 4 shows a beam of light 7 having a horizontal left side portion 71 of a light/dark boundary and a right side portion 72 breaking at this boundary when the light passes, as well as a horizontal portion 73 with fog light. Rays 15, 16 coming from the edge of the reflector 1 are directed by the reflective segment 5 and the lens 4 to the upper half of the space, where they form a beam of light 91. The strip lenses 62 of the refractor 6 develop the said beam 91 into a beam 92. By changing the lateral dimension of the mentioned beam 92 it is possible to adjust the light intensity from the optimum value both in terms of illumination and glare. The headlight according to the invention is designed for any self-propelled vehicles operating on land.
Claim
1. A projection-type headlight intended for self-propelled vehicles, comprising a concave reflector for integrating light, a light source located in the interior of the reflector, a lens, a refractor and a screen located between the reflector and the lens, characterized in that it is provided with a reflective segment with a reflective surface on the side of the lens, located between the screen and the lens, and the angle of inclination of the reflective surface i 5 in vertical section corresponds to the following relationship i 5 = (2 -1/2 2 1/2)arctgD/x F , where D is the diameter of the lens; x F distance between screen and lens. 2. The headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractor is equipped with a zone of strip lenses, which overlaps the lower part of the lens, and the width H of the strip lenses corresponds to the ratio
H = (0.2-2 1/2) R,
where R is the diameter of the strip lenses. 3. Headlight according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the reflective surface of the reflective segment is symmetrical in shape in a circular direction. 4. Headlight according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the reflective surface of the reflective segment is planar. 5. Headlight according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the angle of inclination i 5 of the reflective surface of the reflective segment is made variable in the longitudinal direction. 6. Headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the reflective surface of the reflective segment is identical to the axis of the lens.
It seems that, finally, the fashion for the "collective farm" xenon that eats out the eyes has passed, but today LED artillery, which has not yet been banned, is entering the battle. A logical question arises: are the standard head optics bulbs really so bad that you need to look for an alternative, or are there other options?
Kulibins in Russia will not be transferred, no matter what GOSTs and TUs admonish them, no matter what fines they frighten for interfering with the design of a car. And the reason here is not at all in the itch of invention. Most of the standards of civilization end behind the bypass roads of major cities.
The hype around LED or LED bulbs has been fueled by Chinese lighting manufacturers, who have thrown a huge number of product options for headlights onto the market in recent years. Whether it is of high quality or not is another matter, but the buyer, as they say, caught fire.
Game without rules
Indeed, modern LEDs can last up to forty years, they are insensitive to temperature changes, and most importantly, to vibrations and shocks. Yes, and the light output, at first glance, is considerable - up to 30-60 lm / W or more versus 10-17 lm / W for an incandescent lamp, and it grows, with the development of technology, from year to year.
It would seem that buy and put such light bulbs, besides, the cunning Chinese released them in all known types of socles, which we recently wrote about. There are a lot of designs: with one or more LEDs, with a small focusing lens or without it ... Sellers promise fantastic light, but, alas, they lie on a blue eye.
But what about UNECE Rules No. 112, on the basis of which national standards for automotive lighting were created, in particular GOST R 41.112-2005? Indeed, they clearly state that the headlights marked C - low, R - high, CR - dual-mode (low and high) light, and they are designed either to work with incandescent lamps, or in the case of markings HC, HR and HCR are suitable, respectively, only for halogen incandescent lamps. For HID gas dischargers, or xenon lamps, their headlamp standards are UNECE Regulation No. 98 or GOST R 41.98–99. All of them are available on the official website of the Economic Commission for Europe.
For LED headlights (not to be confused with today's standardized daytime running lights!) Uniform rules are still under development, i.e. GOST only shines for them, which gives rise to a huge number of experiments by car owners.
Focus with focus
Alas, the experimental way to achieve the result is not always the best and shortest, and trying to achieve the perfection of Volkswagen, Opel or Audi, which has LED headlights worth several thousand euros per unit in the A8 or R8 models, is guaranteed to fail. Getting to the level of Peugeot or Kia is also unlikely to succeed - and everything is not easy there.
It's not just about the very "bird" that each of us saw on the focusing stand - the main parameter for the correct setting of the headlights. Something similar can be obtained with LEDs, and the light spot will be tolerable in shape.
It would seem that the temperature of the LED is correct (4500-5000 K), and the brightness is colossal (up to 3000 lm) with a power consumption of 20-30 W, but still the headlights will either shine mediocre or blind. And the point here is not only the brightness of the light source, but also its geometric characteristics. Much of what we see in the headlights depends on the shape, size and orientation of the tungsten filament.
Let's say a string strictly 4.1 mm long is required for a lamp with an H7 base and not only. Moreover, the distance from the support pad of the base to the lower edge of the spiral should be exactly 25 mm! Under them, a system of dispersion and focusing of the headlights of the vast majority of cars has been developed: either a projector - with a traditional design of reflectors and diffusers, or, in common parlance, lensed - a projector. But not under the luminous squares, rectangles and ovals of LEDs.
For LED headlight designs, special projector focusing schemes are still used, fundamentally familiar from both halogen and xenon headlights. On cars of the premium segment, matrix configurations of beam formation and control began to be used, requiring the most complex calculations and expensive auxiliary electronics.
Even the simplest LED lamps require a pulsed, stabilized power supply and a cooling system - the basis for the correct, long and uninterrupted operation of the device. Not to mention the mentioned focusing structures that cannot be done on the knee.
Yes, there are companies that have mastered the production of complete LED headlights. For example, in the German Herth + Buss line there is a version for our Niva. True, the kit will cost as much as 44 thousand rubles! Again German Hella, American J.W. Speaker and other companies have launched projector focusing LED modules that are mounted in certain types of headlights. But all this has nothing to do with mass production yet.
Before tinkering with headlights, it is useful to refer to a school physics textbook for the 7th grade. Read about illumination, light intensity, reflectance of various surfaces. You can finally get acquainted with the Internet resource, which presents some patented headlight designs.
Light at the end of the tunnel?
So, there is no chance for us to get excellent headlights at a reasonable cost? If we talk about LED near and far, then today it is so. Until a unified design of headlights for LED lamps appears, this pleasure will be either insanely expensive or ineffective.
But there is still a way out, even with the notorious halogens. A well-made, serviceable and adjusted headlight, even with a 55-watt light bulb, will provide safe lighting in most cases. Naturally, if the glass of the headlight is not covered with dirt, the reflector has not peeled off, and the voltage in the car network is at least 12 V.
If, under all the conditions met, you are not satisfied with the work of standard headlights, you can try to supply analogues from alternative manufacturers, if any. True, if you like tuning headlights with a modified filling, get ready for the fact that they will most likely be Chinese or Taiwanese. For owners of VAZ products - domestic.
Approximate cost of headlights for popular car models in Russia, rub./pc.
| car brand | Original | Depo (Taiwan) | Hella (Germany) | Direct parts (China) | Magneti Marelli (Italy) | Alkar (Spain) |
| Hyundai Solaris | 8340 | - | - | 4800 | - | - |
| Renault Duster | 5209 | 2994 | - | - | - | 4059 |
| Renault Logan | 4441 | 1955 | - | - | - | 2409 |
| VW Polo sedan | 9841 | 5037 | 10 775 | - | 7952 | - |
| Lada Granta | 4900 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Skoda Octavia | 9190 | - | - | - | 10 012 | - |
| chevrolet cruze | 16 390 | 4194 | - | - | - | 9336 |
| Nissan Qashqai | 10 924 | 7480 | 9190 | - | - | - |
| Kia cee'd | 29 430 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nissan Almera | 13 120 | 5810 | - | - | - | - |
Headlights in the vehicle lighting system occupy a central place. They illuminate the road in front of the vehicle and also serve to detect the vehicle and its intentions to other road users. All this provides the necessary level of safety and comfort.
The front headlight combines, as a rule, several lighting devices in one housing: dipped beam headlight, high beam headlight, position lamp, direction indicator lamp, daytime running lights (if any). The combined structure is called block headlight. The main lighting devices in it are the dipped and main beam headlights. The front headlights also include fog lights, which are installed separately.
dipped headlights is essential for driving in the dark. It is characterized by an asymmetric character (the light beam is stretched along the right side), the presence of a cut-off line (the shadow area is higher, the bright area is below a certain border). The dipped beam headlight implements a compromise between reasonably dazzling other drivers and a sufficiently high level of illumination.
high beam headlights provides the maximum range of illumination of the road, tk. has no restrictions. On the other hand, the high beam headlight creates maximum blindness for other drivers, therefore it is limited in use. The adaptive lighting system significantly improves the efficiency of the use of high beams on the car.
The headlights of a modern car are complex technical systems and, in their own way, works of art. They are individual for each new car model. Depending on the configuration, the car may have several headlight designs. The leading manufacturers of automotive lighting are Hella, Al-Automotive Lighting, Philips.
The classic headlight combines a light source, a reflector and a diffuser. The following light sources are used in the headlights: incandescent lamp, halogen lamp, gas discharge lamp, LEDs.
It is a tungsten filament placed in a glass flask. When the lamp is operating, the filament is heated, which is accompanied by the evaporation of tungsten from the surface. The thread thins and burns out over time. In addition, when the tungsten evaporates, the lamp darkens.
IN halogen lamp the tungsten filament is surrounded by a halogen gas (iodine, bromine), which makes it possible to raise the temperature of the filament and increase the level of illumination. The service life of a halogen lamp (up to 1000 hours) is much longer than a conventional incandescent lamp, because. heating of tungsten occurs in a closed cycle. During evaporation, tungsten combines with the gas and circulates through the flask. When in contact with the filament, the compound breaks up, and the tungsten settles on the filament.
IN discharge lamp(High-intensity discharge, HID) the luminous flux is created by heating the gas with high voltage. Automotive discharge lamps use xenon, which has a high luminous efficiency. To ignite and power a xenon lamp, additional equipment is required, which significantly increases the cost of the headlight. The service life of the gas discharge lamp reaches 2000 hours.
(Light Emitting Diode, LED) as automotive light sources are gaining rapid popularity. They have a lifespan of up to 3000 hours or more, consume less power and provide acceptable light levels. Currently, LEDs are widely used as indoor light sources ( instrument lighting, indicator lamps) and external ( rear lights, additional brake lights, Daytime Running Lights) lighting. Since 2007, white LEDs have been used as low and high beam sources.
Light sources are characterized by a number of parameters: voltage, power, luminous flux. The derivative of these parameters is the light output ( luminous flux per unit power), serving as a kind of indicator of the efficiency and economy of the lamp.
The main characteristics of light sources for a 12V network are given in the table:
The reflector, depending on the type of headlight, reflects light from the source directly onto the road or optical lens. The reflector is made of plastic or metal. More versatile plastic reflectors that allow you to create any geometric shape. A thin layer of aluminum is applied to the surface of the reflector. 
The main types of reflectors are: parabolic, free-form and ellipsoidal. used in classic headlights, in which the light level is proportional to the size of the reflector (more reflector more light).
(Homogeneous Numerically Calculated Surface, HNS) is divided into separate sections (vertical, radial), which have their own focal length and are optimized for a certain nature of light reflection. The reflector type HNS ensures high uniformity of illumination. The geometric surface of the reflector is developed using computer simulation.
A parabolic reflector and a free-form reflector form the basis of reflective (reflex) headlights.
It is part of the Poly Ellipsoid System (PES) lighting system. The ellipsoidal reflector, together with the optical lens, can significantly reduce the size of the headlight while maintaining the level of illumination and the direction of the light launch. An ellipsoidal reflector has projection (projector) headlights, in everyday life they are called lensed headlights.
The role of the diffuser in modern headlights is minimal, because. the distribution of light is carried out mainly by the reflector. Since 1992, plastic diffusers have been widely used.
Halogen headlights
Currently, halogen headlights are the most common type of headlights. They use a halogen lamp as a light source. Halogen headlights are used for low and high beams. Structurally, the headlights can be divided and combined, the so-called. bi-halogen. Low beam headlights use free-form or ellipsoid reflectors, high beams use free-form or parabolic reflectors.
Creating a cut-off border of the low beam in combined headlights is done in two ways: a reflective cap on a halogen lamp with two filaments, a light screen in the projection system. Maintaining a certain position of the headlight relative to the plane of the body provides an electromechanical corrector.
xenon headlights
Xenon headlights are very popular due to the high level of illumination. Headlights are offered as standard equipment for business and premium cars, as well as optional for budget cars. Unlike halogen headlights, xenon headlights have a more complex design. In addition to the headlight itself, the system includes an ignition unit and an electronic control unit, which provide gas ignition with an AC voltage pulse of 10-20 kV and power supply during operation.
Xenon headlights can be reflector and projector, while projector headlights are more popular with the consumer. Separately, xenon headlights are rarely used for low and high beams. Bi-xenon headlights are mainly used, in which the low and high beam functions are implemented in one headlight. Creating a cut-off line in bi-xenon headlights is carried out in several ways:
- light screen in projection headlights;
- horizontal movement of a discharge lamp in reflective headlights.
Bi-xenon headlights are usually equipped with a tilt and swivel module. This greatly expands the scope of the headlight. Due to the design features, xenon headlights are necessarily equipped with automatic headlight range control and headlight washer.
LED headlights
LED headlights have been used quite recently and there are not so many examples of their use - a number of Audi, Cadillac, Lexus models. For example, in the Audi R8, the LED headlight consists of three multi-chip LEDs. Each multichip LED includes two simple LEDs, each with its own reflector. The luminous flux from all LEDs is converted in a common projection lens. To create a cut-off line in the LED headlight, a light screen is used. Despite the significant advantages, LED headlights are still very rarely used.
A number of manufacturers offer LED lamps with a base for placing halogen lamps in regular places. Such LED lamps, despite the fact that they shine very brightly, do not provide the required level of illumination.
Recently, in the automotive industry, it is increasingly being used during operation, we will consider in this article.
In general, the effectiveness of any headlights, taking into account modern legislation, lies in the optimal combination of focused bright light and compliance with the cut-off line, which is adopted according to European standards. In other words, the driver must see the road as best as possible, but at the same time not blind other road users in the oncoming lane. Russia adopted the European system, which involves strict control over the blinding power of light, back in Soviet times. Accordingly, we are allowed to operate only those vehicles that are equipped with the appropriate headlights.
Most headlights on Russian roads have long been parabolic. However, today most foreign cars have lint projection headlights. What is this gives to the motorist?
Firstly, lensed projector headlights can significantly improve the quality of lighting without the use of xenon lamps, which, as you know, greatly dazzle the oncoming driver.
Secondly, the projection headlight is installed in a whole complex of modules: high beam, low beam, fog lamp, turn signal and dimensions. This gives an aesthetic appearance to the car.
Thirdly, such a headlight belongs to projector optics, that is, the lens collects light into a single beam. It turns out that the roadway is better and wider illuminated, while the illumination is uniform and creates a clear cut-off line.
Projection headlights with ellipsoid reflectors have gained great popularity among motorists. Among their undeniable advantages:
- increased visibility and visibility;
- improved efficiency: good light output and at the same time economical;
- decorative function;
- improving road safety.
In the salon Saransk-Avtosteklo you can find any projection headlights. What is this, you already know, you just need to choose the right model for your car. Repair and polishing of such headlights will be qualitatively performed in our service.
