Depends on the type of gearbox installed on various models of MAZ vehicles. If you have MAZ 64229, MAZ 54323 cars, then they have a YaMZ 238A gearbox installed. It is a combination of a 4-speed gearbox and a two-stage demultiplier. That is, in fact, this gearbox is eight-speed.
Maz gearshift diagram models MA3 555I, MA3 53371, MAZ 5337, MAZ 5433, MA3 54331 other. After all, the YaMZ 236P gearbox installed on these machines is a five-speed one. Among other things, some MAZ models are equipped with imported gearboxes, which are adapted to the engines installed on MAZs. An example is the ZF 16S-1650 which has 16 steps, the ZF "Ecomid" 9S 1310 has 9 steps. These boxes are distinguished by the highest quality of workmanship, great reliability, but at the same time high-quality maintenance.
Such various gearboxes, depending on vehicle modifications, are made for a reason. This makes it easier to control, increase efficiency and increase the service life of engine and gearbox mechanisms.
In order for the gearbox to serve for a long time, it is not enough to follow the MAZ gear shift scheme. It also needs to be properly maintained. Timely carry out all the necessary maintenance work to maintain the gearbox in good condition. The oil must be changed according to the instructions. Drain in a heated state through both holes in the pan. Spindle oil must be used to flush the MAZ gearbox. After that, we start the engine and “drive” it for 10 minutes. After that, we drain the spindle and fill it with a new one according to the map. It is strictly forbidden to flush the gearbox with kerosene or diesel fuel if we do not want the oil pump to break.
MAZ vehicles are aggregated with engines manufactured by the Yaroslavl Plant, MMZ, MAN, Deutz, Mercedes-Benz, Cummins. Therefore, each MAZ gearbox installed with these engines has design features.Most of the gearboxes that the automaker prefers are mechanical. The task of the gearbox is to act as an "intermediary" between the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and the drive wheels in the transmission of torque, while changing its magnitude and direction. With the help of the gearbox, the driver can perform the separation of the internal combustion engine and transmission.
You can buy a MAZ gearbox at a competitive price on the Sparox website. We offer certified spare parts and components for gearboxes from different manufacturers.
Short description
Mechanical gearbox MAZ structurally consists of shafts (leading, driven and intermediate), gears, synchronizers. Gearbox elements are located in the crankcase.The shift mechanism is used by the driver to change gear. At this point, the gears are engaged, their combination depends on the selected gear.
The MAZ box with the 236 engine is a 5-speed manual transmission (synchronizers in all gears, starting from the second). With the 238 engine, an 8-speed manual transmission is installed (without a synchronizer, only reverse gear). Manov motors are equipped with 16-speed ZF manual transmissions (synchronization is similar to 8SP YaMZ).
The MAZ gearbox is equipped with five ranges, it aggregates with a YaMZ-236 diesel engine. It has an accelerating range and a remote control. There are also several other modifications of this node. To activate the second and third speed, the synchronizer is activated. Consider the device of this car block and its features.
Essential elements
The MAZ gearbox includes a primary shaft with a gear mounted on a crankcase with ball-type bearings. In addition, there is an intermediate shaft. From the front it looks like a device on a cylindrical roller bearing, and from the back it looks like a ball analog. The rear element compartment is protected by a cast iron cover, the first and reverse gears are cut directly on the shaft, and the rest of the ranges and power take-off are carried out through keyed drive gears.
The MAZ gearbox with a demultiplier is equipped with an intermediate shaft drive gear with a damper damper. This allows you to reduce the vibrations transformed from the power unit to the transmission box. In addition, this solution makes it possible to reduce the noise of the gear at idle. The need to install the absorber is due to the insufficient uniformity of the operation of the YaMZ-236 type motor.
The gear tooth is made separately from the hub. It is disconnected using six cylindrical springs. Residual vibrations are damped by deformation of the spring elements and friction in the damper assembly.
Device
An axle with a pair of roller bearings and a reverse gear is installed on the side between the intermediate and secondary shaft. The front gear element aggregates with the analogue of the first speed using an additional shaft, and the rear gear is engaged by activating the reverse gear.
On the MAZ semi-trailer, the front part of the secondary shaft is mounted on a roller bearing, and the rear element is installed in the ball bearing bath. On the protruding part there is a speedometer drive gear, at the back the part is protected by a cover in which the oil seal and the speedometer drive are located. On the splined rear of the shaft, a mechanism for switching first and reverse gears is installed. It should be noted that this gear is equipped with straight teeth.
Peculiarities
On the secondary shaft of the MAZ gearbox, the gear sliding structure is freely installed on steel bearings. This includes adjusting second, third and fifth speeds. The elements are protected from longitudinal displacement by means of oblique teeth and thrust rings. Three gears have constant engagement with the intermediate shaft. The gears are made with a conical base and an internal toothed surface.
The synchronizers are located between the gear elements of the second and third speeds. They provide noiseless gear shifting. The synchronizer itself consists of a clutch, which is located on the splines of the rear sleeve, as well as a body with bronze sealing rings. The skeleton aggregates with the coupling by means of ball-type retainers. The clutch is provided with toothed rims. Her fingers pass through special sockets, rings with pins and a switching fork are attached to them from the outside.
Checkpoint MAZ "Zubrenok": work
During operation of this unit, the housing ring of the housing is pressed against the cone by the gear. In this regard, friction between the contacting surfaces causes rotation and installation of the cavity on the slot with the coupling pin, while the element is blocked by the housing.
The body then engages with the gear cone due to the resulting force applied to the shifter. After the effect of friction occurs between the speed cones and the gear with the clutch, the load forces are leveled and the locking device releases the clutch from the base of the synchronizer. Next, the clutch moves by extruding the balls of the locking device, which is shifted to the side. Then the ring gear of the assembly engages with the internal teeth of the mechanism, which entails the inclusion of one or another gear.
Functioning scheme
There are three adjusting rods in the crankcase cover tidal sockets. Their forks are aggregated with the first and reverse gear control carriage, as well as with a pair of clutch synchronizers. Switches are equipped with ball locks and locks.
The diagram of the MAZ gearbox, presented below, confirms that the most loaded bearings receive lubrication under the resulting operating pressure. The oil comes from the bath through a detachable filter element. It is equipped with a magnet that allows liquid to enter by suction of the gear pump. This unit is driven by the front edge of the intermediate shaft. Next, the mixture is pumped through a groove in the crankcase, enters through the channel of the primary and secondary shafts into the gear bearings of the mechanism. The remaining elements are lubricated by spraying the incoming oil.
Oil pump
The MAZ-4370 gearbox is equipped with an oil pump, which has a ball valve that serves to limit the oil pressure in the gearbox system. The assembly crankcase is equipped with an internal baffle, which causes the waste oil to be released through two holes blocked by special plugs.
Gear control is carried out by means of a lever located in the cab. The principle of operation of the circuit is a remote drive located above the power unit. In the bracket of the cover of the crankcase of the transmitting unit, a pair of support rollers is provided, which serve to switch speeds using grooves and necks placed on the adjusting rods.
In the middle position, the lever is located with a pin with a lock and a spring up. At this time, the lower analogue of the fuse is activated along with the spring. The pin is externally mounted in the oscillating compartment of the first and reverse gears. The leash is mounted on a pivot pin mounted in front of the box lid.
Other details
The MAZ semi-trailer in the system is equipped with a front roller that controls the second lever inserted into the head of the movable rod of the bracket. The outer part of the movable rod is connected to the intermediate control mechanism using a cardan elongated rod. The fixing bracket is attached to the vehicle frame.
The lower edge of the shift lever is connected to the same node. Mounting method - similar to the above method. Part of the arm goes through the cabin floor, ensuring the integrity of all other connections. This design makes it possible to tilt the cab without the need for separation and deformation of existing elements and assemblies.
In conclusion
I would like to dwell in more detail on the features of the gearbox of the MA3-2G0 machine. This block is almost identical to the device on the Drive gear does not have a damper, but the second, third and fifth speeds are switched on using the secondary shaft on needle-type bearings. The switching lever is located on a ball bearing, the body of which is fixed on the cover of the switching box. It has a reverse activation fuse, as well as a pin with a spring installed in the steering bracket socket. The node in question proved to be excellent as a direct competitor of domestic and foreign analogues, in accordance with the combination of price and quality parameters.
One of the famous brands of Belarus is MAZ. The produced equipment from the Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ), which includes tractors, timber trucks, heavy vehicles, is known throughout the world.
Components of the checkpoint MAZ
The vehicle gearbox (MAZ) includes several gears that are connected to the gear lever. Each of the available gears performs its function, rotates at a certain speed, providing efficient control of the machine.
The manufacturer placed the box in the MAZ car between the crankshaft and cardan shaft. The crankshaft is a component part characterized by a complex shape. High demands were placed on the production of this element. The cardan shaft is no less reliable working mechanism, the function of which is to transfer the moment of force between the shafts.
Gearbox drive
In addition to the shafts, the MAZ manual gearbox includes a crankcase, mortar, synchronizers. The speed control on the machine is carried out by changing gears. Interacting with each other, the gears are able to both increase and decrease the speed of the MAZ. The lever with the gear divider works effectively.
MAZ checkpoint scheme
The MAZ gearbox air distributor is designed to switch air flows. The device is located in the top cover of the crankcase.
The MAZ transfer case is a complex mechanism that provides wheel locking and affects gear changes.
Given this, the MAZ transfer case is installed on heavy vehicles that are great for operation on a dirt road, poorly equipped tracks.
The MAZ gearbox with a demultiplier includes an intermediate shaft drive gear, which is equipped with a damper. The damper helps to reduce vibrations. The MAZ pillow helps to suppress noise from the checkpoint while driving.
Scheme of the demultiplier
Gearbox options for heavy vehicles
The 8-speed MAZ gearbox is typical for vehicles that have a high carrying capacity.
9-speed versions are installed not only on powerful trucks, but also on ordinary cars.
5-speed gearboxes are present on the MAZ-500 car with the YaMZ-236 diesel engine.
5 speed gearbox
16-speed versions are found on dump trucks, KamAZ vehicles. The mass of the box in this case exceeds 250 kg. The ZF16S gearbox has an adapter plate that communicates with the engine and gearbox.
The listed versions are distinguished by high reliability, long-term working capacity.
A MAZ car with a ZF gearbox is decided to be purchased by those who want to enjoy a full ride both in urban conditions and on rough terrain. Often this type of gearbox is found on snowplows.
The need for checkpoint maintenance
Contributes to the extension of the resource of the speed box - its timely maintenance. In particular, the car owner must monitor the efficiency of the gears, the control lever, and control the level of oil poured into the MAZ automobile system.
If it is necessary to repair the gearbox at MAZ, it is necessary to dismantle the gearbox from its regular place. The device should be visually inspected for external deformations. It is highly likely that this is the reason that the checkpoint "does not obey" the driver's commands. If there are no deformations, you can proceed to the analysis into the components of the gearbox.
If the MAZ checkpoint circuit fails, then the following symptoms will appear:
- some gears do not work, for example, 4 and 5;
- manual switching is difficult.
To flush the gearbox, about 3 liters of special oil are required. Repair of the MAZ gearbox may consist in the restoration of bridges, washing, fault detection of the box. Also, the crankcase and cover are subject to repair.
