Hi all.
I drive a car mostly on the highway. what is the ratio of wear and tear auto highway city? That is, 100 km of run in the city are harder for the author than on the highway. How much to change oil and consumables?) What conditions are ideal for the author city or highway
Evgeny The consumption on the highway is about 20-30% less. The absence of traffic lights, constant acceleration and deceleration, uniform movement at a constant speed reduce fuel consumption. In the "highway" mode, the wear of the car is much less than in the city, and therefore more will pass. Consumables and oil should be changed according to the regulations of the manufacturer of your car.
Sasha City, these are difficult operating conditions, see the service map and read the asterisks
Tags: Mileage is better on the highway than on the city
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Gasoline consumption | Topic Author: Wieslawa
Tell me what's the matter or what's wrong - my smiley eats not like a child, namely 7.8l (92benz.) on the highway and 9l in the city, and if with an air conditioner, then generally tryndets !!! Total mileage exceeded 4200 km
Ruslan (Gosdan) My consumption dropped after 10,000 km. And look at the guides on the front brake calipers, they are not lubricated from the factory and the pads constantly slow down the car.
Kostyan (Onllwyn) I'm eating a locomotive! suporta already tired to clean! in general, somewhere around 10 in the city, and on the highway at a speed of 150-140, on average, it eats about 8 liters
Denis-Ivanovich (Azarel) Kostyan, what is the mileage? and how far do you spin the engine on average? (maybe it depends)?
Kostyan (Onllwyn) Denis-Ivanovich, mileage 40,000, spin up to 6, but even when driving up to 3 in a quiet mode, it eats!
Marsel (Milborough) I have 5.2 on the track at 120-140! 6.5-7 in the city!
Anton (Euphemia) lubricate the guides on the calipers, you will immediately feel the difference!
Elina (Markita) - how to lubricate these calipers)))
Ruslan (Gosdan) best imported CV joint grease
Yury (Kaisa) Good afternoon, the car eats a lot (about 11 liters in the city in normal mode), the officials say that it makes no sense to set it up, like you need to flash the head, and the consumption will decrease by about 3-4 times! Tell me who knows about this head firmware? Does it work, otherwise it is not cheap (3000r) I don’t want to pay money so easy!
Kirill (Gopa) Chip tuning is called. The prices are different, 3 tr is still divine.
This kind of firmware is a well-known thing and, most importantly, very useful and effective. The machine is not stitched for a long time, from various sources - about a couple of hours. There are several types of firmware, for example, sports (fuel consumption and l per car increase), well, or economy.
Oleg (Jahmal) I noticed that on 95 gasoline the consumption is significantly less than 92. so I refuel 95 - it comes out cheaper
Seryoga (Shrila) lubricated the calipers with an aerosol copper liquid liquid lubricant. After 15000 everything is fine. And the lubricant is like new
Viktor (Iyanna) people at what mileage to lubricate the guides is better for 1, then I haven’t gone there yet, I want to roll up there for the first time to look and score myself to do everything specialty allows me
Viktor (Iyanna) refueled 10 from the salon for 80 km, now it seems to hawala less
Seryoga (Shrila) Viktor, as they say, the sooner the better
Anton (Euphemia) smaller than on Zhiguli
Lena (Roseline) Victor, there is nothing to do at the first MOT if everything is OK!!! all the same, jambs come out all after the first closer to the second;))))
Natalya (Parmveer) By the way, yes, at the expense of 95 gasoline. if I fill in 20 liters, it lasts me 5-6 days, it eats this gasoline from me very slowly ... but the same 20 and only 92 is enough for 4 days stably ..... when running in, the machine ate noticeably a lot. and after that everything stabilized .. now 11000 thousand km and everything is as it should be. small economy car..
Anton (Euphemia) filled 92 gasoline 36 liters drove in a combined cycle in a traffic jam, sales were enough for 500km. and 95 filled 36 liters, traveled in a mixed again 500 km, in general, I didn’t feel any difference in power or economy. I refuel at Lukoil again 92
How often do you need to change the oil in the engine - Kolesa.ru
Jan 24 2015 - City and highway... The same mileage on the highway and in city mode is more than a fourfold difference in... But the conditions are a little more difficult and the number of engine hours is higher, and it would be better to reduce this interval.
Is it worth buying a car from the beginning of 2008 with a mileage of 100t.km. [Archive...
such a mileage may indirectly indicate that the car was mainly used on the highway, which is better than in the city ...
In ads for sale, it is difficult to find a car running more than 150,000 thousand kilometers. After overcoming this magical milestone, almost any car immediately goes in search of a new buyer. After 2-3 years of operation, we again see it on sale ... with approximately the same mileage. The cycle of runs in nature sometimes takes on a bizarre look - a friend once showed me a randomly found statistic - the history of publications of advertisements for the sale of a car now owned by him for several months. Miracles - the price gradually increased, and the declared mileage decreased. Frightening figures noticeably higher than 100,000 km are terrified of all categories of car owners - sellers and buyers. A car with a mileage of "250,000 km" is automatically synonymous with "just about to landfill." A reported mileage of 140,000 km, for a car about 20 years old, automatically makes it the number one candidate for the bride.
I have already casually addressed the topic of mileage several times in terms of the ICE resource in various articles. Many basic concepts of the relationship between resource and mileage really lie on the surface, let's try to put them together:
The basic value of the resource in the professional sphere are engine hours- the operating time of the unit in the set mode is a more accurate value characterizing the resource. Let's say, 10,000 hours of diesel generator at a constant speed worked out safely - anyway, we repair it according to the schedule. The mode is so monotonous that the "resource", obviously, is produced almost exactly according to the operating time - there will be no surprises. We continue to operate further - the probability of failure increases. Most likely this was determined at the time of the development of the unit. It is easy to predict this - the operating speed of the engine is constant and amounts to 1500 rpm. The expected 10,000 hours of service life is something like 416 days of continuous operation. 900 million wear cycles. Recalculating the effective power of such a generator and the used revolutions per "automobile" mileage, we get something about 1 million kilometers. When using standard (ordinary, and not the best, in this case) materials, the resource (mileage) is sufficient for all possible economic needs. Approximately the same mileage is found in commercial vehicles - the mode of operation of trucks is close to the "theoretically ideal" mode of engine operation, slightly different from a diesel generator.
For a car, unfortunately, this value is not very convenient. The problem is that there is no "set operating mode" here. There are too many unknown values in order to "attach" to an objective characteristic of the resource, be it kilometers or hours.
Value X - inconstancy of revolutions
The range of possible revolutions of a modern internal combustion engine is an impressive value. As a rule, something around 600-6000 rpm. The difference is an order of magnitude. Approximately 5400 possible engine operating modes within this range! At least three zones of efficiency - low power and low torque (low speed), medium power and high torque (medium speed), high power and low torque (high speed). The edges of this range, obviously, are best thrown out and never used, limited to the range when combustion is extremely efficient - something around 2000-4000 for a modern motor. It turns out great: efficient combustion, almost constant high pressure in the lubrication system - the resource will be stable and almost endless.
Instead, however, we get a wild absolute fuel consumption, a tendency to overheat - why does the engine need 2000 rpm at the time of downtime - fuel thrown away for nothing? You can force yourself not to spin the engine above 4000 rpm, but it is more difficult to get rid of low rpm, idle speed. Therefore, by eliminating the most harmful mode - an extremely inefficient and extremely useless "idle" in the region of 600-650 rpm, we got rid of many problems with the resource, but at the cost of an extremely inefficient consumption of the energy received. You will not spend money on repairs - you will spend money on gasoline and the fight against overheating. Unfortunately, we postpone the option of "narrowing" the effective speed range to ensure the stability of the resource estimate in engine hours of operation - this is economically unprofitable. Ecologists will protest and refueling every 100 km will not suit you. We will not be able to have constant, or close to constant, revolutions in the effective range of engine operation, so that after that we will not be able to easily translate this into engine operation time. "I'm selling a BMW 520, mileage 3000 hours, 7000 hours before overhaul" - forget it.
The value of Y is the average speed of movement
Hours at constant rpm would be perfectly accurate for estimating life - in fact, this is the number of revolutions made since the start, but they do not fit - let's count the mileage in kilometers traveled. The range of required revolutions is wide - and nothing can be done. Mileage will be easier? Alas, we also have a gearbox with a main gear pair. It allows you to transform the moment and revolutions into the actual speed in an even wider range. The range of operating speeds may differ not by an order of magnitude, but by two - theoretically from units of km / h, to a couple of hundred. It saves only that from the point of view of the resource, we consider the range of average speeds, which, in turn, are limited not so much by the box as by the operating conditions. Of course, taking into account the real speeds of movement and the constancy of the gears used, the very fact of the presence of a box is not so important - the real speeds of movement are far from the available 1-250 km / h. Most likely, for urban conditions, these are average speed ranges of 20-30 km/h, for the highway - 80-90 km/h and above. The difference is only 3-4 times. It's not so scary anymore. Here we again came to the concept of "hours". A typical situation: the engine runs for an hour - we drive 20 km pushing in a traffic jam. The engine runs the same hour on the track - the car drove 90 km. For 3-4 years, the "citizen" will run into 35-40 thousand km. Traveling car in the Moscow region - all 150-200!
Hours-wise, it will be the same. It is possible that each kilometer of the "city" in terms of resource will be equal to 10 kilometers of the "highway"? Why so much? I remind you - "city hours" from all points of view are much worse. For many Asian and American cars - not much. It is even possible that it is almost imperceptible. For German, with pronounced "environmental" regimes, the dependence is much more pronounced. Having “planted” ring plugs in a year, you start the mechanism for calling a major overhaul not for wear, but, for example, for oil consumption ... This is not an accelerated decrease in the resource as such, this is an emergency unscheduled repair that occurred as a result of an operating mode not foreseen by the manufacturer. The engine does not wear out faster as much as starts to work in a freelance mode. Such operation is no different, for example, from constant overheating, or engine operation without lubrication ...
Z value - everything else
Here we have both maintenance (what is poured and when is it poured) and climate (do you not start the car every day at -40?) And the features of the operating mode - "it is operated only in summer, the third car in the family." Interestingly, when you come to the dacha once a year, is it not surprising, for example, that the gate creaks? And that the car stands idle for 8 months - probably only benefits - the kilometers on the odometer do not grow - "the mileage is original."
What we have in practice, actually encountered options for pre-sale inspections (for example, BMW engines):
1. Relatively large Russian mileage for its year is conditionally above 30 tkm per year. As a rule, cars are in close to perfect technical condition in terms of engine and automatic transmission, in full compliance with the pledged resource. Even very problematic N46 and N52 engines aged 4-5 years and with shocking Russian average runs of 150+ tkm can be in satisfactory, good or even almost perfect condition. The criterion for a rough estimate for the reader I can offer is 2.1 and 0 liters of oil consumption per 10,000 kilometers, respectively. "10,000 km", in this case, means urban. Here the "mileage" works honestly - "for wear and tear". These 150 thousand mileage without constant traffic jams (and how else will you have time to run into them ?!) are approximately equal to 20-30% of the total resource before the planned overhaul - I have met references to the "travelling" N46 and N52 with mileage of 400-500 thousand. I wouldn't be surprised if more exist. If the owner, for some reason (sometimes this happens), also guessed with oil - the car generally differs little from a purely "European" one. Somehow, the owner of a "Russian" N46 engine with a mileage "without problems" above 300+ km or even more clung to me. Like "nonsense write about the resource N46." As always, a person on the basis of his own example brought out a picture of the world for himself. At the fifth round of communication, interesting details turned out, here I’d better quote the ladies, while maintaining the author’s style:
"even if you believe the bot computer, then my average is 43, work is mostly evening-night, usually I go out for no more than 10 hours, I almost do not stand still. Life during the day, I service the car myself. For a shift, I run around 350 km. Your calculations are wrong!!! .
And here's another thing, I can't resist, but I always write about "Moscow runs" ... That is, I'm doubly mistaken, here's the proof:
"In Moscow. On average, a year I got from 90,000 to 110,000. There were few routes in the summer, only to the dacha, and then halfway it was Moscow and traffic jams with jerks ..."
On average, 90-110 thousand km (!) came out per year (!) Keyword - in Moscow. Probably, it was meant that in the concept "in Moscow" I include the influence of geographical location on the structural composition of engine metals. But that's not all: 90-110 tkm and... "few trails". That is, obviously, some more difficult-to-understand mechanism of the geographic connection between the place ("track") and the state of the motor is being considered. Well, what is 90-110 tkm (let's take the average - 100.000 km) in terms of driving hours?
A good average speed of real movement "in Moscow" on weekdays is something around 20-25 km / h. 100.000 km for 25 - 4000 driving hours. 4000 engine hours. By the way, by the way, this is about 10 oil changes a year (!) And ... 11 hours a day behind the wheel.
Here it’s either “In Moscow”, or “my average is 43 km / h”, “highway” and “90,000 to 110,000” per year. I am willing to believe that even with real pushing in traffic jams in the mornings and evenings and relatively free movement only around the city during the day and evening at an average speed of 40-45 km / h, the internal combustion engine will be in excellent condition. But the mechanisms for achieving this goal will be somewhat different here: the almost constant operation of the motor, frequent scheduled oil changes- even if you do it every 25 tkm - it's a 4x update to the most important ICE fluid for health!
2. Example two: runs below the average - 15 tkm per year or less. Yes, and "the girl went." When they say this, they mean, obviously, that it wasn’t a young man who drove - he didn’t press the gas, but he didn’t flatten the bumpers on the curbs, he didn’t knock the parking posts. In other words: the rings were planted aimingly - with a reduced intensity of exploitation. The result is oil-filled cylinders in cars with internal combustion engines from the problem category (for example, all the same N52 and N46) on runs of 30-40 thousand km or so. Consumption of 1 liter per 1500-2000 km of escape - the state is exactly "pre-capital". Another 1.5-2 years and there will be a "full program" of repairs: the cost of the car will suddenly increase by 180-200 thousand rubles or even more. For a 3-4 year old "fresh" it is 20-25% of the cost of the car upon purchase.
3. Examples are "average" and I do not consider exceptions - about the first ones, there are already publications in the first blog post. About the second, it is worth talking about considering each specific case - there is always an explanation.
They are simple: mileage can have very little to do with the actual state of the engine and the car in general. Moreover, lower mileage, ceteris paribus, can be an aggravating factor for the actual condition of the motor. A mileage of 30-40 thousand kilometers is most likely optimal for an engine aged 1-2 years. And for a 5-6 year old car, it may not be a reason for joy, but a big problem. Having overpaid 10-15% of the cost for a car with low mileage for its age, prepare the same amount to eliminate the consequences of this low mileage. It is strange to read, for example, messages like "the car is in excellent condition, the mileage is very small, but I add something like a liter for 2-3 thousand ..." - what is the consolation in this case? Numbers on the dash? The engine coughs up blood, but the blood test is in perfect order? A car idle for 1-2 years, even with periodic engine starts, can lead to complete blocking of the rings - a drop in compression to zero in all cylinders. I have dealt with several such cases personally. "The car must run." This is a necessary condition for maintaining its nominal performance.
The decision to buy a used car does not come from a good life. Therefore, you always want to find a well-groomed copy, unbeaten and with low mileage. But should high mileage always be embarrassing?
Everything is fair
A car purchased in fair possession almost always has a fairly specific scenario for its use. On weekdays, these are trips from home to work, on weekends - a summer residence and a supermarket. In the summer (and not only) vacation trips can be added. How much can you roll in this mode? On the strength of 20 thousand km per year. And even 10-15 thousand. By the time the decision is made to sell and appear on the secondary market, such a car will have a mileage of about 70 thousand kilometers. But what will that run be?
A daily trip to and from work means two cold starts of the engine, warming up to operating temperature already in motion and pushing in traffic jams. And all this on a run of 10-20 kilometers. In a word - an extremely unfavorable regime, both for the engine and for the transmission. An internal combustion engine is a capricious unit. For him, the most favorable working conditions are constant and not very high revolutions with a constant load. In all other cases, he definitely does not like something.
Cold start and warm up to operating temperature
No matter what the manufacturer of lubricants promises, there is little oil left in the friction pairs when starting the engine. At the very least, this amount of oil is enough for the first few tens of revolutions, until the oil pump begins to supply lubricant to the most remote corners of the engine. But the oil remains cold for 2-3 minutes after starting, which means it is thick. And penetrates into the gaps reluctantly.
The gaps themselves during heating are also not optimal. After all, their dimensions are selected by designers based on the operating temperature. While the engine is cold, the gaps are relatively large, which means that shock loads are more likely in them, and an increased breakthrough of gases into the crankcase is inevitable in the cylinders. If we start moving immediately after starting the engine (as almost all manufacturers recommend, relying on the now fashionable ecology), then these shock loads become even greater. And an excess of crankcase gases oxidizes engine oil more strongly. And the colder the climate, the more relevant and significant all of the above factors are.
Acceleration, braking and idling in traffic jams
What happens even on a warm engine when you sharply press the gas pedal? The following happens. We pressed the pedal, the electronics begin to “richen” the mixture, the speed and load increase, and the pressure and amount of oil do not have time a little. As a result, increased carbon formation due to a rich mixture and increased loads in friction units.
Releasing gas is also not sugar. Indeed, in this mode, the throttle is closed, and the intake vacuum is high. As a result, we have a slightly increased penetration of oil into the combustion chambers through the inlet valve bushings, even with valve stem seals that are not yet worn.
Well, a long idle for modern gasoline engines is generally a separate issue. Especially coupled with a sharp subsequent acceleration. When the electronically controlled thermostat idles at 115 degrees, we press on the gas, the temperature in the cylinders rises, and the inertia of the cooling system does not allow us to cope with the sharply increased heat load. And then we brake sharply and stand again, and the thermostat again returns to its “environmentally friendly” 115 degrees. And at this time, oil burns intensively on hot piston rings that have not had time to cool down. As a result, the rings coke, lose mobility, and oil consumption rises to completely obscene values.
Do you still want to look for a low mileage car?
Of course, all of the above is a bit of an exaggeration. But when all these factors work together, then the trouble in the form of a smoking engine creeps up to 50 thousand kilometers.
Long road trip
Kilometers in this mode are wound up quickly, but with the wear of the motor and gearbox, everything is exactly the opposite. The established stationary mode of movement and operation of the motor is the most benign in terms of wear and other misfortunes.
The oil pressure is constant and stable, and coupled with the absence of sudden changes in speed, we have an equally stable oil film between all rubbing parts with their almost zero wear. The mixture entering the cylinders is close to the ideal "gasoline-air" ratio, which means it burns out completely, leaving no carbon deposits. Moreover, the soot accumulated in city traffic jams gradually burns out. The cooling system also works stably, removing excess heat from the cylinder walls and piston rings. Oil on them does not burn and does not coke.
Idyll? Almost. At least, the main tractors have runs of a million or more kilometers. And at such a run, the motors and gearboxes are almost not worn out. And not only because of the low level of forcing, but just as a result of the above factors.
And now an example from personal practice. A dozen years ago, a zigzag of fate brought me a surprise in the form of a right-hand drive Honda Torneo (European equivalent - Accord). The car was four years old, "bezprobezhny" (Siberians and Far East will understand) and with mileage ... 124 thousand kilometers. At a time when there were a lot of offers on the market with a mileage of 40-60 thousand. But the price differed very, very significantly.
After the initial examination, intuition and experience suggested that, as they say, "you must take it." When I drove this car to a friendly "Honda" service for inspection and prevention, familiar specialists were not at all surprised by the condition of the car, which can be described as "almost new". All parameters of the engine and automatic transmission were within factory tolerances. Let me remind you: the mileage is 124,000 km! Having wound another 65 thousand in two years, I sold this Honda without a single repair intervention in it.
Of course, the infinite variety of operating conditions in specific conditions by specific people makes its own adjustments to all our theoretical calculations. Yes, and "high mileage" also has its limits, especially if the car is from under a taxi with real mileage for 300-400 thousand. But still, it is not in vain that in the first place in the initial selection of a used car, it is exactly the year, and only then the mileage.
Because some modern and high-tech 3-year-old BMW 320 with a mileage of 150,000 will easily be in much better condition than a 5-year-old, but wound up with 50,000. But we have not yet mentioned that after a run of 100-120 thousand have already been replaced: a timing belt with rollers (or a chain), many suspension elements, and not only them. Therefore, when choosing a used car, do not immediately discard options with a mileage of “over a hundred”. But in any case, make a qualified diagnosis - it will just show the true state of the car.
