Transportation by road today is, perhaps, the most demanded in the segment of cargo transportation. Reasons: comparative accessibility and prevalence of road infrastructure compared to rail lines or air links. Long-distance road transport is carried out both within the same state and between neighboring countries that have common land borders. In order for a vehicle to be able to freely follow the highways of any state without violating traffic rules, the permissible cargo dimensions for road transport are agreed and established at the international level.
Uniform general norms of transportation
Unified weight and size norms are fixed in mutual agreements of international organizations, duplicated and specified by the legislation of individual countries. Such a complex regulation has its goals:
- creation of unified conditions for road transportation;
- ensuring road safety in all its sections;
- guaranteeing the safety of goods and the timeliness of delivery.
Maximum automotive standards in Europe
The maximum allowable dimensions and weight of cargo for through and closed road transport are regulated by both national legislation and international multilateral agreements - conventions and directives. The requirements for such parameters are set rigidly and unambiguously, since, as stated in EU Directive No. 96/53, “differences between the current standards regarding the weight and dimensions of commercial vehicles can have a negative effect on competition and act as an obstacle to transportation between Member States of the European Union".
Exact information on the maximum weight and dimensions of vehicles adopted in the countries of the European Community is given in the annexes to the directive:
Rationing of cargo vehicles in the Russian Federation
As for the Russian Federation, Federal Law No. 257 “On Automobile Roads and Road Activities” is in force here, as well as Government Decree No. No. 272. Paragraph 2 of this by-law establishes that the carriage of goods by road in international traffic through the territory of Russia is carried out in accordance with international treaties and Russian laws. Of greatest interest are the 1st and 3rd annexes concerning the permitted mass and maximum dimensions of the cargo.
Thus, Annex 1 establishes the permissible masses depending on the type of vehicle, the combination of loading platforms and the number of axles. In the table below, the weight limits are given in tons:
Appendix 3 is dedicated to the size limits:
It follows that the heaviest and largest truck that is allowed to roll out onto domestic roads, in any case, should not weigh more than 44 tons and have a length of more than 20, and a height of more than 4 meters. Otherwise, there is an oversized cargo.
Features of transportation of oversized cargo
Oversized cargo is such cargo, the weight and size characteristics of which are beyond the permitted. Transportation of goods exceeding the established dimensions is, in principle, permissible, but must be carried out in compliance with a number of special conditions provided for in clause 23 of the Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation. So, if the load protrudes from the back by more than 1 meter, and from the side by more than 40 cm, it is marked with identification signs "Oversized cargo", as well as lights and reflectors in white (front) and red (rear) colors.
The movement of oversized cargo protruding from the rear by more than 2 meters and exceeding 4 meters in height, as well as road trains, is carried out according to special rules established by government regulations and order of the Ministry of Transport of 2012 No. 258:
- the route of movement of a heavy and (or) large-sized transporter is agreed in advance;
- special permits for the transportation of oversized items on federal public highways are issued by an authorized body, namely the Federal Highway Agency;
- movement along the route is carried out accompanied by patrol cars of the traffic police or military traffic police;
- if, after passing the oversized gauge, the roadbed or other elements of the road infrastructure were damaged, the owner of the vehicle is obliged to compensate for the damage caused.
Exceeding the weight and dimensions when transporting goods while ignoring specially established rules is a violation of traffic rules and entails administrative liability.
Responsibility for violation of weight and size requirements
For violation of the requirements of traffic rules established by Russian law for the dimensions of the transported cargo, legal liability is provided, in particular, administrative. Violators are subject to administrative sanctions. Which? Fine or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a certain period. For a detailed acquaintance with the size of administrative penalties for transported oversized cargo, see Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. It should be borne in mind that when an administrative case is initiated, an oversized transporter automatically enters the arrest site along with the goods being transported. And the delay causes additional expenses.
conclusions
From a comparative analysis of the requirements for the dimensions and weight of transported goods, it can be seen that, in general, for the European Community and the Russian Federation, these parameters coincide. The mass of a saddle or trailer road train with 6 or more axles cannot exceed 40 tons for Europe and 44 tons for Russia. The maximum height for all types of transport, both with us and with them, is 4 m. The maximum width is 2.55 meters, for refrigerators - 2.6. Truck standards are the same for most countries, which is quite reasonable given the purpose of such regulation.
FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA
VEHICLE,
PUBLIC ROADS
Moscow, 1999
FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE OF RUSSIA
(FDS of Russia)
ORDER
Moscow
On approval of the norms "Maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads"
In order to ensure traffic safety, reliability and safety of public roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity I ORDER: 1 . Approve the attached norms "Maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads", agreed with the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2. The Department for ensuring the safety of roads of the FDS of Russia (Sorokin S.F.) together with the Legal Department of the FDS of Russia (Enikeev Sh.S.) to coordinate in the prescribed manner with the interested ministries and departments and submit until June 1, 1999 for approval by the leadership of the FDS of Russia "Rules passage of heavy and (or) oversized vehicles on public roads” and “Instructions on the procedure for compensating for damage caused by heavy vehicles when driving on public roads”. 3 . To impose control over the execution of this order on the deputy head of the FDS of Russia Urmanov I.A. Head V.G. Artyukhov
FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA
MAXIMUM WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
VEHICLE,
OPERATING ON VEHICLES
PUBLIC ROADS
Moscow, 1999
1 . General provisions
1.1. The provisions set forth in these standards relate to the mass and dimensions of vehicles permitted for use in the Russian Federation on public roads, established based on the requirements for ensuring road safety, reliability and safety of roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and load capacity. The following restrictions on the weight and dimensions of vehicles do not apply to the production of vehicles, the requirements for which are established by other standards and norms. 1.2. Vehicles or parts thereof that form part of combined vehicles, the dimensions, as well as the total mass and axle load of which do not exceed the values established by sections 3, 4 and 5 of these standards, are allowed to travel on federal and territorial public roads. For other highways designed and built for loads less than those specified in Sections 3, 4 and 5, the owners of roads may set other (lower) maximum values for the mass of vehicles, for federal highways - by the Federal Road Service of Russia, for territorial roads roads - by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, for municipal highways - by local governments. Decisions to reduce the dimensions and weights of vehicles listed below are based on the results of a road survey and may be permanent or temporary. At the same time, the body that made such a decision is obliged, in accordance with the established procedure, to install appropriate traffic signs on the highway or its section, where additional restrictions on the mass and size of vehicles are introduced and inform road users about this. 1.3. A vehicle and its part forming a combined vehicle, the mass and/or axle load of which and/or the size of which exceed the maximum values established by these standards, may travel on roads only if there are special permits issued in the prescribed manner by the competent authorities. The movement of such vehicles on roads is carried out in accordance with the "Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road on the roads of the Russian Federation", approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia 27. 05.96 1.4. In addition to the limit values of the total mass and axle loads established by these requirements, the mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the load along the axles must not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the manufacturer for a particular vehicle. 1.5. For the purposes of these standards, the following concepts and definitions are used: Vehicle - a device designed for the carriage of goods and passengers on roads; Truck - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for the carriage of goods; Tractor - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for towing a trailer or semi-trailer; Trailer - a vehicle designed for the carriage of goods by towing by a tractor or truck; Semi-trailer - specially equipped for the carriage of goods, designed to be connected to a tractor in such a way that a part of this vehicle is located directly on the tractor and transfers a significant proportion of its weight to it; Road train - a combined vehicle consisting of a truck and a trailer; Articulated vehicle - a combined vehicle consisting of a tractor, articulated with a semi-trailer; Bus - a vehicle designed to carry passengers and their luggage, with more than nine seats, including a driver's seat; Articulated bus- a bus consisting of two or more rigid sections connected to each other and having a passenger compartment in each section, allowing passengers to move freely from one compartment to another; Combined vehicle- combination of a truck, consisting of a truck connected to a semi-trailer; The maximum length, width and height of the vehicle - length, width and height of the vehicle with or without cargo, not exceeding the values specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum linear parameters of the vehicle - linear parameters not exceeding the values specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum vehicle weight- the mass of the vehicle with or without cargo, which does not exceed the values specified in section 4 of these standards; - mass transmitted through the axle of the vehicle to the surface of the road, not exceeding the standard value; Indivisible cargo- cargo which, when transported by road, cannot be divided into two or more parts without undue cost or risk of deterioration and which, when loaded on a vehicle, would exceed its maximum dimensions and mass; Air suspension- a suspension system in which the damping element is air; Cart- two or more axles having a common suspension to the vehicle; single axle- an axle of a vehicle located at a distance of more than 1.8 m from the nearest axle of this vehicle; close axes- axes (two or more) of the vehicle, located at a distance between them of less than 1.8 m.2. Measuring the mass and dimensions of vehicles
2.1. Vehicle length is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.1. However, when measuring length in accordance with the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle are not taken into account: glass cleaner and mudguards; front and side marking plates; devices for sealing and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; electrical lighting equipment; rear view mirrors; devices for viewing the space behind the car; air tubes; length of valves and connectors for connection to trailers or swap bodies; steps for access to the body; lift for a note tire; lifting platforms, access steps and similar equipment not exceeding 200 mm in working position and designed in such a way that they cannot increase the vehicle's load limit; coupling devices for towing vehicles or trailers. 2.2. Vehicle height is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.3. Moreover, when measuring the height, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle should not be taken into account: antennas; pantograph in raised position. For vehicles equipped with an axle lifting device, the effect of this device is taken into account. 2.3. Vehicle width is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.2. When measuring the width of a vehicle, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on a vehicle should not be taken into account: devices for seals and seals and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; devices for identifying damage to tires ; protruding flexible parts of mudguards; Lightning equipment; steps in working position, suspended platforms and similar equipment which, in working position, do not exceed 10 mm on each side of the vehicle and facing forward or backward, the corners of which are rounded with a radius of at least 5 mm, and the edges of which are rounded with a radius of at least 2 .5 mm; rearview mirrors; tire pressure indicators; retractable or retractable steps; the curved portion of a tire's surface that extends beyond its point of contact with the ground. 2.4. Axle mass of a vehicle is measured with a dynamic vertical load transmitted through a single axle to the road surface from a loaded vehicle. The measurement is carried out by special automobile scales that have passed certification in the prescribed manner. The axle weight of a bogie located on one suspension, taking into account the design of the vehicle, is determined as the sum of the measurements of the mass of each of the axles included in the bogie. 2.5. The total mass of a vehicle or part thereof forming part of a combined vehicle is determined as the sum of the measured masses of all axles of the vehicle or part thereof.3 . Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles
The maximum dimensions of vehicles, taking into account the dimensions of swap bodies and containers for cargo, including containers, must not exceed the values given below. 3.1. Maximum length: truck - 12.00 m trailer - 12.00 m articulated vehicle - 16.5 m articulated bus - 18.00 m road train - 20.00 m 3.2. Maximum width: all vehicles - 2.50 m 3.3 . Maximum height - 4.00 m 3.4 . The maximum distance between the locking axle of the coupling device and the rear part of the semi-trailer must not exceed 12.00 m. 3.5. The maximum distance measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing the load behind the cab to the rear outer point of the trailer, minus the distance between the rear of the tractor and the front of the trailer, must not exceed 15.65 m. 3.6. The maximum distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train, from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing cargo behind the cab to the rear outer point of the semi-trailer must not exceed 16.40 m. 3.7. The load installed in the body of the vehicle must not protrude beyond the rear outer point of the vehicle or trailer by more than 2.00 m. 3.8. The distance between the rear axle of the truck and the front axle of the trailer must be at least 3.00 m. 3.9. The horizontally measured distance between the pivot point of the semi-trailer and any point of the front part of the semi-trailer shall not exceed 2.04 m. 3.10. Any vehicle, when moving, must be able to turn within the space limited by an outer radius of 12.50 m and an inner radius of 5.30 m. 3.11. The maximum distance between the locking pin of the hitch and the rear of the combination vehicle must not exceed 12.00 m.4 . Regulatory total mass of vehicles*
* Regulatory total masses of vehicles must not be exceeded by more than 20%.Table 4.1
|
Vehicle type |
Regulatory total weight of the vehicle, t |
|
| Trucks a) two-axle vehicle | ||
| b) three-axle car | ||
| d) a four-axle vehicle with two driving axles, each of which consists of two pairs of wheels and has an air or equivalent suspension | ||
| Vehicles forming part of a combination vehicle (a) Two-axle trailer | ||
| b) three-axle trailer | ||
| Combined vehicles Articulated vehicles | ||
| a) a two-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.2 m or more | ||
| b) a two-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more | ||
| c) a three-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.7 m or more | ||
| d) a three-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 or more | ||
| e) a vehicle consisting of an 18-ton truck and a 20-ton semi-trailer if the vehicle has a drive axle consisting of twin wheels and is equipped with an air or equivalent suspension with a total wheelbase of 13.3 m or more | ||
| Road trains a) a two-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more | ||
| b) a two-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more | ||
| c) a two-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 16.5 m or more | ||
| d) a three-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more | ||
| e) a three-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 15.9 m or more | ||
| f) a three-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 18 m or more | ||
| Buses a) two-axle bus | ||
| b) three-axle bus | ||
| c) three-axle articulated bus | ||
| d) four-axle articulated bus | ||
5 . Regulatory axial loads of vehicles
Table 5.1.
Regulatory axial loads of vehicles *
* Axle loads of motor vehicles should not exceed the normative axle loads by more than 40%.
|
Vehicle axle types |
Estimated axial load for which the pavement is designed, tf |
|||
|
gable |
lean-to |
|||
| Single axles | ||||
| Twin axles of trailers, semi-trailers, drive axles of trucks and buses with distances between axles: | ||||
| d) equal to or more than 1.8 m | ||||
| Triple axles of trailers and semi-trailers with distances between axles: | ||||
| a) more than 0.5 m, but less than 1.0 m | ||||
| b) equal to or more than 1.0 m, but less than 1.3 m | ||||
| c) equal to or more than 1.3 m, but less than 1.8 m | ||||
| d) equal to or more than 1.8 m | ||||
| - the same, when mounted on an air suspension or equivalent | ||||
| 1. General Provisions. 2 2. Measurement of the mass and dimensions of vehicles. 3 3. Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles. 4 4. Regulatory total mass of vehicles. 5 5. Regulatory axial loads of vehicles. 6 |
Today, one of the most demanded segments of cargo transportation is automobile. There are many reasons for this - availability, low cost and high speed of delivery.
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It is also possible to transport oversized cargo with this type of transport - but you need to remember some restrictions both in width and height.
Who sets the allowable dimensions
Today, rather stringent restrictions are being established on the amount of goods transported through the territory of both the Russian Federation and other countries.
It should be remembered: for violations of the dimensional rules, quite a serious responsibility is due.
And not just a fine is imposed, but the vehicle is placed in a special penalty parking lot along with the cargo. Which consequently leads to a significant delay in time.
Today, the maximum allowable cargo dimensions are set:
- special bodies within the country;
- various international standards.
The Russian Federation, along with many different other states, is a member of various trade associations.
Today in the Russian Federation, the State Duma and the Council of Federations are engaged in the formation of laws regulating the type of moment in question. It is these legislatures that develop federal laws.
The fundamental legal document on the basis of which various kinds of standards are established is
It is in accordance with this legislative act, the standards established by it, that it is necessary to place oversized cargo on the platform. There are a fairly large number of features associated with the measurement of the overall dimensions of the cargo.
Abroad, specialized state bodies are engaged in establishing the maximum allowable overall dimensions. This applies today to almost all countries without exception.
Including Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan. At the same time, the EU has a single body that forms specialized legislative norms, the effect of which extends to the territory of all countries included in it.
Therefore, if there is a need to transport oversized cargo through the territory of other countries, it is necessary to take into account the legislation in force in their territory.
Otherwise, there will be serious delays and other problems when traveling through these countries. There are a large number of different nuances, features.
Restrictions
A very large number of various transport companies operate on the territory of the Russian Federation and other countries. All of them offer an extensive list of various services for the transport of goods.
And it is on the shoulders of their logisticians that the problem of laying the route for moving a particular cargo falls. At the same time, the transportation customer himself should still familiarize himself with the standards, permissible overall dimensions of the transported goods.
At the moment, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the permissible overall dimensions in the following countries:
- Russian Federation;
- Belarus;
- Kazakhstan;
- Ukraine;
Most often, it is through the territory of these countries that various types of goods are transported, which for some reason do not fit into the dimensions established by law.
In Russia
At the moment, the following permissible overall dimensions of cargo transported on public roads are established in the territory of the Russian Federation:
It is important to consider: it is allowed to exceed the height established by law by a value of 4 meters. But at the same time, certain rules must be observed without fail.
Mandatory measures include:
- application of special color graphic designations directly on the car body, cargo boundaries;
- the use of special escort vehicles (the number depends on several individual parameters).
In Belarus
In accordance with the agreement of the CIS countries, in Belarus there are standards regarding the height of the cargo and its other overall dimensions similar to those in Russia.
The following standards are currently in place:
- maximum length:
- maximum width:
- the maximum allowable height is no more than 4 m.
It is also possible to transport all kinds of oversized cargo. But again - you should remember the need to comply with certain rules, standards.
It will be necessary to apply special designations to the cargo, vehicle. You will need an escort vehicle.
In Kazakhstan
For the transportation of goods through the territory of Kazakhstan, it is required to comply with the same overall standards that are used directly on the territory of the Russian Federation.
The maximum allowable height of the load is 4 meters, together with the height of the platform on which it is located.
The situation is similar with other overall parameters of the transported cargo (width, length). Similar standards apply for the mass of vehicles.
In Ukraine
When transporting goods through the territory of the country of Ukraine, it will be necessary to comply with the following standards regarding overall dimensions:
Separate standards exist for the transport of heavy goods. The situation is similar with oversized cargo transportation.
If possible, it will be necessary to familiarize yourself with all of them in advance. In this way, a large number of various troubles can be avoided.
EU
On the territory of the EU, the standards for the dimensions of goods transported differ from those adopted on the territory of the Russian Federation, but not significantly.
It must be remembered that in all EU countries there are uniform standards regarding this moment. But within some individual subjects, their violation is possible to a greater extent.
If necessary, through the EU, it will be necessary to familiarize yourself with all standards.
They look like this:
| Size/Country name | Height, m | Width, m | Length, m |
| A | 4 | 2.55 | 12 |
| B | 4 | 2.5 | 12 |
| bg | 4 | 2.5 | 12 |
| Ch | 4 | 2.5 | 12 |
| D | 4 | 2.55 | 12 |
| Dk | 4 | 2.55 | 12 |
| E | 4 | 2.55 | 12 |
| Eg | 4 | 2.5 | 12 |
| F | 4 | 2.55 | 12 |
The cost depends primarily on the weight of the cargo and its dimensions. If the dimensions fit within the limits established by law, then usually the cost is relatively small.
If the cargo is oversized, then in some cases the cost of its transportation (especially within the EU countries) increases significantly.
What is fraught with violations of the height of the cargo during road transport
The issue of fines for the transportation of goods in violation of the established overall dimensions is reflected in the maximum detail in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. There is a separate article for each individual violation.
Today, the most significant, which you need to familiarize yourself with in advance, are the following:
- part 1 - carrying out transportation of bulky cargo without an appropriate permit, license:
- transportation of goods exceeding the dimensions by more than 10 cm is carried out:
- provides for violations not covered in parts 1 and 2 of this article, involves a fine:
If there is a repeated violation of existing standards and regulations, then much more serious penalties may be imposed. Up to a ban on conducting a certain type of activity.
How to transport exceeding the maximum height
To carry out the transportation of cargo exceeding the maximum height, it will be necessary to comply with certain rules established by law.
The most significant include the following:
- it is necessary to have a special permit to carry out transportation of this kind;
- a special route must be developed and approved by a special department - the driver is forbidden to deviate from it;
- it is obligatory to have special signs on the borders of the cargo that protrude beyond certain dimensions;
- 1 or more escort vehicles are required.
Also, the cargo itself, the order of its placement on the platform must meet certain specific requirements:
- do not close the view of the road to the driver;
- not create any other interference when driving;
- not create obstacles for other road users;
- do not pollute the environment (noise, dust, etc. are not allowed).
OVERALL AND WEIGHT LIMITS,
APPLICABLE FOR VEHICLES
1. Requirements for vehicle dimensions
1.1. The maximum length must not exceed:
single vehicle of categories M1, N and O (trailer) - 12 m;
a single two-axle vehicle of categories M2 and M3 - 13.5 m;
a single vehicle of categories M2 and M3 with more than two axles - 15 m;
road trains consisting of a tractor and a trailer (semi-trailer) - 20 m;
articulated vehicle categories M2 and M3 - 18.75 m.
The length measurement does not take into account the following devices mounted on the transport
medium:
devices for cleaning and washing the windshield;
plates of front and rear registration plates and structural elements for installation
state registration plates;
devices for air intake into the intake system of an internal combustion engine;
locking devices for dismantled bodies;
footrests and handrails;
elastic buffer devices or similar equipment;
lifting platforms, ramps and similar equipment in driving position, not
increasing the overall dimensions by more than 300 mm, provided that the load capacity
the vehicle is not increased;
coupling and towing devices of vehicles;
exhaust system pipes;
removable spoilers;
pantographs of vehicles with power supply from the contact network;
outdoor sun visors.
1.2. The maximum width of a vehicle of categories M, N, O must not exceed 2.55
m. For insulated vehicle bodies, a maximum width of 2.6 m is allowed.
The width measurement does not take into account the following devices mounted on the transport
medium:
customs sealing and elements of its protection;
awning fastening devices and elements of their protection;
exterior mirrors and other indirect visibility devices;
auxiliary means of observation;
retractable footrests;
lighting and light signaling devices;
surface.
medium:
antennas;
devices.
categories M3, N3 and O
given in table 1.
Table 1
number of axles
Permissible maximum
mass, t
Singles:
Categories M3, N3:
2 18
category M3)
25
3 (articulated buses category M3) 28
4 (with two steering axles) 32
Road trains:
3 28
4 36
5 or more 40
exceed the permitted values given in table 2.
table 2
awning fastening devices and elements of their protection;
tire pressure monitoring devices;
protruding flexible parts of the splash protection system from under the wheels;
for vehicles of category M3 entrance ramps in driving position, lifting
platforms and similar equipment in driving position provided that these devices are not
protrude more than 10 mm beyond the side surface of the vehicle and the corner edges of the ramps,
directed forward and backward, have radii of curvature of at least 5 mm; curvature radii
the remaining edges must be at least 2.5 mm;
exterior mirrors and other indirect visibility devices;
auxiliary means of observation;
retractable footrests;
lighting and light signaling devices;
the deforming part of the tire sidewalls directly above the point of contact with
surface.
1.3. The maximum height of a vehicle of categories M, N, O must not exceed 4 m.
The height measurement does not take into account the following devices mounted on the vehicle
medium:
antennas;
pantographs or pantographs in the raised position.
For vehicles with a lifting axle, the effect of this
devices.
2. Requirements for the weight parameters of vehicles
categories M3, N3 and O
2.1. The maximum mass of vehicles must not exceed the permitted values,
given in table 1.
Table 1
| Vehicle category, general number of axles |
Permissible maximum mass, t |
| Singles: Categories M3, N3: | |
| 2 | 18 |
| 3 (excluding articulated buses category M3) |
25 |
| 3 (articulated buses category M3) |
28 |
| 4 (with two steered axles) |
32 |
| Road trains: |
|
| 3 | 28 |
| 4 | 36 |
| 5 or more | 40 |
exceed the permitted values given in table 2.
table 2
Note: The values in brackets are the maximum allowed formovement without a special permit on roads, design,
construction and reconstruction of which were carried out under the standard axial load
vehicle 10 kN.
2.3. Vertical static load on the vehicle traction device from the coupling eye
single-axle trailer (dissolution trailer) in running order should not be more than 490 N. When
vertical static load from the trailer hitch more than 490 N front support leg
must be equipped with a lifting-lowering mechanism that ensures the installation of the coupling eye in
the position of the coupling (uncoupling) of the trailer with the tractor.
3. Procedure for issuing a vehicle type approval
or certificates of safety of the design of the transport
means in case of inconsistency of the measured parameters
requirements of this annex
3.1. If the overall dimensions of the vehicle exceed the values specified in paragraph 1
of this annex, then in the vehicle type approval or certificate of
the safety of the vehicle structure, a record is made on the need to issue
a special permit for the movement of such a vehicle through the territory of states -
members of the Customs Union.
3.2. If the technically permissible maximum mass of the vehicle, or technically
permissible maximum mass of the road train, or technically permissible maximum mass,
per axle (group of axles) exceeds the values specified in paragraphs 2.1 and 2.2 of this
application, then in the vehicle type approval or safety certificate
design of the vehicle, a record is made about the need to issue a special
permits for the movement of such a vehicle through the territory of the Member States
of the Customs Union, in the event that the vehicle actually exceeds the established
by this technical regulation of weight restrictions
To prevent a truck from tipping over, it is imperative to take into account seasonal characteristics and the risk of exposure to heavy winds;
- due to the size of the object, the driver's view is limited, as a result of which he cannot adequately assess the traffic situation;
- the cargo covers lighting devices, reflectors, identification marks, state license plate;
- during transportation, environmental pollution occurs.
Rules of transportation A car with oversized cargo moving on roads should not accelerate more than 60 km/h. At the same time, bridges should be overcome at a speed of no more than 15 km / h. Particular attention should be paid to the technical condition of the vehicle.
What is considered oversized cargo
Today, the need to transport large loads has greatly increased. For this, vehicles with increased load capacity requirements are used.
Oversized cargo is beyond the dimensions of the car and exceeds the rules of traffic rules. It has certain dimensions:
- length should not exceed 20 meters;
- height 4 m;
- in width it should be 2.55 meters.
If these parameters are exceeded, then in order to be able to transport oversized cargo, it is necessary to obtain a special permit regulating its transportation.
If the driver is engaged in transportation without this document, he violates traffic rules and is liable in the form of a fine established by law, or loses the right to drive a car. Let's consider what the size of the fine for improper transportation of oversized cargo will be.
Transportation of oversized cargo
Info
That is why transportation can take place not along the shortest route, but with a choice of roads with a suitable load class. Signs The sign used to designate oversized cargo: The sign "Road train-long length" Long vehicle.
When transporting dangerous goods, the car must be marked with the sign: Cover car Previously, if the length of the vehicle loaded with oversized cargo was more than 24 m, but less than 30 m, and the width was more than 3.5 m, but less than 4 m, then the appropriate conditions for transportation could be created by the transport company without the participation of representatives of the traffic police. But since 2014, when transporting heavy and oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a cover car to ensure safety.
What fine do drivers pay if they transport oversized cargo incorrectly or transport it without permission in 2018? Has he changed? The fine for oversized cargo is 2,000 - 2,500 rubles for ordinary drivers. For officials who are responsible for transportation, it will be 15,000 rubles, and legal entities already pay 500,000 rubles.
If the driver is not able to correctly place the load, he needs to stop and fix the problem or stop driving altogether. You need to be careful and follow all the rules for transporting oversized items so as not to fall under the scope of Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, part 1 and not to pay a fine in the amount of 500 rubles.
Bulky cargo sign dimensions according to GOST
General requirements for oversized transportation Since the transportation of oversized cargo is a technically complex, and in some cases dangerous process, it is subject to a number of requirements, which must be observed:
- when placed in the body of the cargo, it is necessary to exclude the obstruction of their view;
- it is necessary to ensure reliable fastening of the load in the body in order to avoid its independent movement and overturning of the truck;
- during transportation, the cargo should not impede or restrict the management of transport;
- it is forbidden to obstruct the light devices of the car with the load.
Gazelkin complies with all requirements for the transportation of oversized cargo.
What is the fine for transporting oversized cargo in 2018
Attention
Special rules should be followed when driving a vehicle (with or without cargo) if:
- the height of the vehicle is more than 4 m above the level of the roadway;
- width exceeds 2.55 m. Permissible width for refrigerated trailers and isothermal bodies - 2.6 m;
- the length of the road train, including with one trailer, - 20 m;
- length of a road train with two or more trailers - 24 m;
- the overall dimensions of the cargo exceed the dimensions of the vehicle by more than 2 m.
Heavyweights Also, special permission from the traffic police is required when transporting heavy loads.
What matters is the total weight of the car and the object being transported. Specific values in different countries may differ, which must be taken into account when intending to cross the border.
Fine for transporting oversized cargo without permission in 2018
Freight taxi "Gazelkin" offers transportation of oversized vehicles by various types of vehicles. The experience and professionalism of the company's employees is a guarantee of high quality work.
What is considered oversized cargo It includes types of cargo, the dimensions and weight of which exceed the values established by the SDA, applicable to items allowed for transportation. Based on Russian laws, the following can be classified as cargo of this type:
- protruding in front and behind vehicles by more than 100 cm;
- protruding at the edges of the car by more than 40 cm.
The calculation is carried out regardless of the dimensions of the machine itself.
Thus, if, when transported on a light truck, the cargo protruding beyond its limits is defined as oversized, when transporting it by a long length, it will refer to the usual type of cargo.
23. transportation of goods
- It is important to consider the correspondence between the weight of the load and the maximum load capacity of the vehicle. When the car is overloaded, the wear of the engine, frame, chassis and wheels increases, and the efficiency of the steering decreases. This creates the risk of an accident.
- The quality of fastening and the location of the load in the body should also be given maximum attention. If it is in an unstable position, there is a risk of the load falling or the vehicle tipping over.
- Transported items during delivery should not pollute the environment and the roadway, be sources of increased noise.
- It is unacceptable for the load or part of it to cover reflective and light devices, vehicle license plates.
Delivery of oversized cargo should be carried out by specialized companies - only in this case you can be sure of its efficiency and safety.
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To ensure that you avoid problems when applying for a special permit and directly when transporting oversized cargo, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following orders:
- No. 107: is a regulation for state bodies on issuing permits;
- No. 258: regulates the rules for issuing permits;
- No. 7: establishes rules that ensure safety when transporting oversized items.
Resolutions:
- No. 125: the procedure for weight and size control;
- No. 934 + No. 12: the procedure for compensating for damage caused to the road;
- No. 125: rules for passing weight control;
- No. 211: establishes rules for the introduction of a ban on cargo transportation.
Penalties and penalties To get acquainted with the amount of penalties applicable for violations of the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, read article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Consider how oversized cargo should be transported, traffic rules and vehicle requirements. Regulatory Documents As you can see, only a small proportion of aspects of oversized transportation are covered by the Rules of the Road.
The basic regulation of the transportation of oversized cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation is carried out by Federal Law No. 257-FZ. In chapter 5 of article 31 you can find the following points:
- transportation of bulky and heavy cargo requires a special permit;
- the procedure for obtaining a special permit is established by the government of the Russian Federation;
- before transportation, it is necessary to coordinate the route with the owner of the roads;
- in case of damage, the amount of compensation is calculated by the owner of the road.
On the basis of the rights specified in the above-mentioned normative act, the "Rules for the carriage of goods by road" were drawn up.
What are the dimensions of oversized cargo for transportation Guided by the provisions of the SDA, the transportation of unaccompanied items is possible only with the following dimensions of trucks (both loaded and unloaded):
- height no more than 4 meters;
- length up to 20 meters;
- up to 2.55 meters wide.
Taking into account the dimensions of the cab and chassis of trucks, the capacity of a standard vehicle is functionally limited to the following dimensions:
- 2.55 m high;
- in length 13.6 m;
- 2.55 m wide.
Cargo of any type, which exceeds the specified limits by its dimensions, is classified as oversized. It includes a load protruding by the above values in whole or in separate parts.
When transporting oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a special identification mark “Oversized cargo”.
