Gasoline engine smokes black smoke causes. Car smoke from carburetor

Having a car has a huge number of various advantages - you can safely get to work or study without spending a huge amount of time on it, you can travel to any point on land without depending on buses, planes and other vehicles. You can always get out wherever you want, whether it's a shop, a cottage or a trip to the forest. However, it is necessary to understand that the car is not only pure pleasure. Like a pet that brings a lot of joy, a car needs to be looked after - and it can have its own problems, malfunctions and breakdowns. Naturally, at the first trifle, you can always take the car to a service station, but most motorists refuse to do this. Someone does not want to spend extra money, and someone simply believes that he must cope with all the problems of his own car on his own. It is for such people that this article was written, in which it is analyzed in detail why the engine smokes in your car. This problem is very common - the exhaust pipe constantly sends exhaust into the atmosphere, but this happens in small quantities and imperceptibly. But if you start the engine, and smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe, it means that trouble has come. What to do if the engine smokes? First of all, you need to determine what the problem is. And you can do this already by the color of the smoke.

smoke color

So, if your engine smokes, then you need to either take the car for repair, or figure it out yourself. And the first step is to determine the color of the smoke coming from the motor. Most often it can be white, black and gray - naturally, each of these colors can have shades, but if you divide the smoke from the engine into main groups, then they will be just that. Also, sometimes literally transparent smoke can come out of the pipe, and this can also indicate some malfunctions, although most often there is nothing wrong with this situation. However, each of the colors of smoke will be discussed in more detail. You'll learn exactly what's wrong with your car depending on how your engine smokes, and you'll be able to figure out what you should do if you're having a problem.

transparent smoke

Many drivers are wondering why it smokes. They are wondering why smoke can come out of a gasoline engine. All these problems cause a real panic for a novice car enthusiast, but if the smoke does not come directly from your engine, which is burning before your eyes, there is no reason for it. Any malfunction can be identified and then corrected. And for starters, it’s worth looking at the most harmless moment - when you have transparent or whitish smoke coming out of your engine, which is practically invisible. In fact, this is not even smoke, but steam that forms in an unheated system. Most often this can be seen in the winter, when the engine starts after a night of inactivity. It constantly heats up, and with it the exhaust system heats up, from which steam comes out. You can make sure that this is by attaching any vessel to the exhaust pipe at any other time - condensate will form on its walls. The problem is simply that there is a lot of steam in the winter, and when water starts to drip from the exhaust pipe, many beginners start to panic and think that something terrible has happened. But in fact, everything is in order, and you have absolutely nothing to worry about. As soon as the engine and the entire exhaust system warms up, the steam will either disappear completely or be reduced to a minimum amount that you will no longer notice. As you can already understand, this case does not require any repair, however, there are other situations when you would like to know why it smokes or any other engine installed on your car. Indeed, in some cases, smoke can mean a serious problem.

Black smoke

As you could already understand, if your engine smokes, the reasons for this can be very diverse, and you yourself can install them if you analyze what color the smoke coming from the exhaust pipe is. The case with transparent smoke has already been considered, and now it's time to move on to its complete opposite - black smoke. This is a rather frightening sight, and it can be seen when, for example, a huge truck is driving on the road. Often, its exhausts are terribly black, which is why such exhausts are the most pursued in terms of environmental damage. However, what to do if black smoke comes out of your engine? In the first place, overload can be the cause - as is the case with trucks and tractors. But, given the fact that we are talking about a passenger car, this option is unlikely. Therefore, the most plausible is the problem of mixture formation. What does this mean? This means that the mixture that enters the engine contains too much of the fuel itself - and the result is not only unpleasant black smoke, but also excessive fuel consumption. So the problem most likely lies somewhere in the fuel equipment or in the engine management system. The first thing you should pay attention to is the air filter. If it is clogged, then the air supply is blocked, which leads to its shortage and, accordingly, to an excess of fuel in the final mixture. The next item is compression. You need to study your engine cylinders. If they are damaged, the combustion process will not correspond to the calculated one, resulting in a lack of power and, accordingly, an over-enrichment of fuel. Well, another common case is the incorrect operation of the engine control sensors. As a result, the systems work "blindly", which is why malfunctions appear. Most often, in this case, a light on your dashboard lights up, notifying you of the need to check the engine, but another failure may occur and the signal will not come - then you will have to check everything yourself. The easiest way to diagnose is to check the spark plugs. If black smoke from the exhaust pipe is the result, then you will find black deposits on the candles. This will mean that it's time to repair the car - it is also highly recommended to replace the candles themselves if they are covered with a coating due to the fact that your engine is smoking. The causes of black smoke should now be clear to you, so you can proceed to the analysis of the next color.

White smoke

You have already learned why the engine smokes in the cold season - transparent steam from the exhaust pipe appears when the engine and exhaust system have not had time to warm up, resulting in condensation. Now the case will be considered when steam also pours out of the exhaust pipe, but at the same time it is not transparent, does not dissipate so quickly, and warming up the engine does not solve the problem that has arisen. White smoke is the result of a malfunction in the cooling system. Depending on what kind of coolant you use, the puffs of white smoke may have different shades, but the cause will remain the same - the cooling system is not working properly. And you should not delay the repair, because, as you will understand further, this can cause serious damage to your car. So, the most common reason for the appearance of a large amount of white smoke from the exhaust pipe is the ingress of water into the cylinders of your engine. You can disassemble the cylinders and check the spark plugs to see if there is a problem. If water gets into the cylinder, then the candle will have the same coating as inside your electric kettle - in other words, scale. This is not the end of the world or a disaster - you just need to check all the cylinders, determine which ones have plaque, and then repair or replace them. And it is best to do this at a professional service station, since in most cases the cause of this malfunction is improper engine assembly, and low-quality spare parts that many motorists are trying to save on can also have their say.

Also, the cause of this malfunction may be engine overheating - in this case, you should also contact a specialist so that he not only repairs or replaces the cylinders, but also makes a complete diagnosis to identify the causes of overheating. However, the situation can actually be much less simple, it can also have a much less pleasant outcome for the driver. The fact is that liquid entering the cylinders can lead to the appearance of clouds of white smoke escaping from the exhaust pipe. But you will only get by with a lot of steam if you use high-quality coolant. If you decide to save money here and bought cheap antifreeze, then it can literally “eat” the insides of your motor due to leakage. As a result, corrosion will spread to the vital parts of your engine, and it can only be sent for recycling - such damage cannot be repaired.

So if you are wondering why the engine is smoking, then you should not do it on the go. Deal with the problem, fix it, and then keep driving your car.

Bluish (gray) smoke

If you have smoke or a gasoline engine, and the smoke has a bluish tint, then the reason lies in the fact that too much oil gets into the cylinders. As a result, the puffs of smoke are very thick and take the longest time to dissipate compared to the previous cases described. Moreover, most often they have a characteristic smell of burnt oil. It is worth paying attention to the fact that it is far from always possible to determine at first glance that this smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe at all. Considering that a wide variety of factors can influence its appearance, from the quality of engine oil to the air temperature outside, shades of blue can also be very different. And in some cases, the blueness is so faint that it's almost impossible to distinguish such smoke from standard exhausts. However, the check is extremely simple - you need to carefully monitor the oil level, since if it leaks, it will be obvious that it is overused. As for physical factors, all you need is your nose and a piece of white paper. With your nose, you can easily smell the oil in the exhaust, even if they have a completely normal color, and quite noticeable oily spots will appear on a piece of paper that must be placed next to the exhaust pipe. Well, now you've confirmed that you have engine oil problems, you know why your engine is smoking blue smoke. It's time to deal with malfunctions, which in this case can be a wide variety.

Valve stem seals

As you have already seen, if your engine smokes white smoke, then there may be several reasons for this. But in the case of a bluish tint, the causes can be numerous, so you should carefully consider each of them, as any may be relevant in your case. The most common cause of bluish smoke is damaged. These caps should hold the oil until it needs to be supplied. But due to damage to the cap, oil leaks even when it is not needed, which is why it accumulates too much. That is why, if this part is damaged, then after a long stop at the first factory, you can see a huge cloud of bluish smoke escaping from your exhaust pipe. In most cases, it all depends on the quality of the caps themselves - if it is high, then the oil will not leak even after several years of operation, and if it is low, then leaks can begin almost immediately, let alone a year or even several years. By this time, the bad cap will most likely have already fallen apart. So if you have a bluish smoke in your cold engine, then first of all you need to pay attention to the valve stem seals, because due to the lack of tightness in damaged parts, even in an unstarted engine, the “supply” of oil continues, which then burns out at the factory .

Oil scraper rings

Also, if your engine smokes blue smoke, then the problem may also lie in, or rather, in their wear or occurrence. These rings are designed to remove excess oil film, and if they fail to do their job, then, as you might guess, excess oil gets into the cylinders. Of course, the effect is not the same as with severe damage to the valve stem seals, but the oil loss is still noticeable, and the engine still continues to smoke. You can solve this problem by decoking these rings, but you should not think that this procedure will solve all your problems at once. After the decarbonization procedure, the rings begin to fully function, but you will have to monitor the activity of your engine very carefully. After all, after this procedure, the spring properties of the rings are significantly reduced, which is why their occurrence can happen much more often, especially with careless handling. As you can see, if your diesel engine smokes black smoke, finding the cause of the malfunction and fixing it is much easier than if the smoke is blue. After all, caps and rings are not all that can be faulty in a car that causes blue smoke, there are a few more cases you have to consider.

Turbine

If you have a turbocharger installed in your car, then the reason may be in it, or rather, in its malfunction. What to do in this case, if your engine smokes? VAZ is one of the cars that can be taken as an example. It has a turbocharger installed, and if it is in poor condition, the result can be thick bluish smoke, which damages the environment, leads to excessive oil consumption, as well as an unpleasant smell and an unattractive appearance. What happens inside the engine? The fact is that the bearings of the turbine are automatically lubricated with oil for its further operation, however, in the presence of malfunctions, the oil that was intended for lubrication enters the intake tract. Well, the result of excess oil during combustion is the aforementioned bluish smoke. What to do in this case?

There are not many options here - you will have to repair the turbocharger turbine. If you have the skills and the necessary tools, then you can do it yourself. However, it is still recommended to leave this to specialists who will cope with the task faster and more efficiently. But before proceeding with the repair, you need to make sure that the problem really lies in the turbine - as you already understood, there can be a lot of reasons for the appearance of smoke, and it is always worthwhile to first deal directly with the causes of the malfunction, and then fix it pointwise . To do this, you need to remove the air duct that connects the turbine and the engine and check for oil inside. If it is there, then this means that the leak actually exists, and you will have to make serious repairs. However, in this case we are talking about a rather neglected situation, which can still be prevented if you take care of your engine in advance. When you have any suspicion that there is too much oil in the turbine, then you need to take a clean cloth (it should be light and allow liquid and air to pass through easily, gauze is best) and stretch it on the nozzle in place throttle connections. After that, you need to start the car and depress the gas pedal several times, then turn it off and check the fabric that you previously stretched. If there are traces of oil on it, then you already have a problem - it's just at an early stage, and it will be quite simple to solve it, at least much easier than when you already directly notice oil accumulations in the duct.

As you can see, if your diesel engine smokes black smoke, then the problem can be solved much faster, but this does not mean that its solution will be less expensive - with proper car care, regardless of the color of the smoke, you can quickly find and fix any problem.

Poor oil quality

Naturally, there are a huge number of reasons why the color of smoke from the exhaust pipe can be blue, but it makes no sense to describe them all - here you will find only the most famous and common cases. For example, in no case should you forget about the oil itself - many motorists immediately start searching inside the car, but in fact, the cause of the problem may lie in what kind of oil you pour into the engine. If it turned out to be not of the highest quality, then its properties may differ from a quality product. Accordingly, it is impossible to clearly say anything about its behavior in the engine - you need to check what kind of product you purchased, and if its quality turns out to be far from ideal, it is better to change it immediately. After all, if you continue to use it because you have already spent money on it, you can cause even more serious damage to your car.

But there is another option - a similar problem can occur when you use the highest quality oil. The reason in this case may be overheating of the oil, as a result of which it will lose its properties. Naturally, in everyday life this happens extremely rarely, because in fact, extreme conditions are necessary for oil to overheat - which is why special sensors are always installed in racers' cars to check the temperature of the oil. But if you load up your car, put your whole family in it, and go on a hot day downhill to rest, then the combination of all factors can lead to overheating of the oil and, accordingly, the loss of all its functions. In this case, nothing can be done - you just have to change the oil prematurely and try to prevent such situations from occurring again.

Other cases

No matter what the circumstances are - your engine is spewing black smoke, puffs of bluish smoke, or just a huge amount of white steam - you should never rule out the possibility that something special has happened to you. Of course, first of all, you should use this guide and check all the most common cases, since most often the problem occurs in motorists more than once. But sometimes the reasons are not the most standard - causing smoke, for example, can cause a microcrack in the engine. There are even cases when the engine smokes black or blue smoke if the driver filled the fuel tank with the wrong type of fuel that is intended for a particular engine. Remember that there is a way out of any situation, and if you cannot find it yourself, then contact the experts.

Newbie drivers often look for the answer to the question of why the VAZ smokes. There are several reasons that can cause copious emission of thick smoke-like vapor. But there are also breakdowns that are accompanied by smoke. What to do when the car began to smoke?

VAZ cars have many different problems, including the frequent presence of exhaust system and engine malfunctions. Most malfunctions of the ignition system, exhaust system and engine assembly are accompanied by smoke. This happens for a variety of reasons. First you need to sort out all the options when you should not worry about the integrity of any of the systems.

Here is the first and main one: the engine starts, the abundant release of white smoke from the exhaust pipe begins.

This is quite normal.

trong> The white color of the vaporous substance indicates that the car's mechanisms started working with a large temperature difference between cold parts and the environment. This usually happens after a long period of inactivity. When the engine starts, all internal systems immediately heat up, while steam, which is usually not visible, is released in huge quantities due to a sharp change in temperature. Many beginners may be intimidated by the large cloud that forms from the exhaust after starting the engine.

But this does not portend trouble if an increase in fuel, oil or cooling fluid consumption has not been noticed. Particularly thick vaporization occurs after cold winters and long machine downtime without work.

White vapor is not dangerous, so there is no cause for concern.

blue smoke

Smoke of any other color is a sign of a rather serious breakdown. One of the signs of damage is bluish smoke that appears after starting the engine. It can have all shades of color up to dark blue, which will mean extensive damage to the car's piston system. If bluish smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe, some part of the cylinder is broken. Why is this happening?

Oil must flow into the cylinders to lubricate the mechanisms, partially cool them and improve their working condition. Normally, oil cannot get into other components, but if any part of the piston or oil distribution system has been damaged, it will leak into the engine chamber. The coolant washes away the oil, taking it with it into the cooling system, where it evaporates into the exhaust ducts. Because of this, the smoke gets a bluish color. The color will depend on the intensity of the engine - from transparent blue, almost white to almost blue.

Gas formation of this color is accompanied by a strong consumption of oil. The solution to the problem is to check the lubrication system of the pistons, valve stem seals or change the oil to another brand.

Such smoke in the VAZ-2105 can also appear from the side of the carburetor, not only in the exhaust. It can also be due to a long period of inactivity of the car or damage to the system. If the color of the smoke changes over time, then there is no need to worry, the leak goes away after the parts warm up.

Black smoke

One of the most dangerous types of breakdowns are engine and fuel system malfunctions, which are accompanied by black smoke from the exhaust pipe.

Here are other signs that may appear with this:

1. Fuel consumption increases significantly, the smoke is very thick and dark, therefore quite toxic.
2. The engine is unstable, sometimes stalls.
3. There is a loss of engine power.
4. The engine starts very badly.

Why is this happening? For VAZ, this malfunction is characteristic due to the presence of a carburetor. A faulty needle valve causes overflow in the float chamber. This problem also happens when the air jets are clogged. It is worth cleaning them and replacing parts, adjusting the fuel supply system or the entire engine.

Other sources of smoke

There are a number of other problems that cause smoke on the engine side:

1. Cooling system failure. Parts overheat and partially burn, smoke is emitted.
2. Breakdown of the fuel supply system. In addition, the fuel may not burn completely, resulting in exhaust gases of a different color.
3. Coolant or oil enters the engine cylinders due to damage in them.

It is impossible to list all the possible problems that may cause smoke to be emitted from the machine. Basically, replacing parts, oil or fuel is enough to fix the problem, but sometimes the cause of the breakdown cannot be found out on your own.

In this case, the only option is a trip to a car service for comprehensive diagnostics and repairs.

When you start the engine on a cold, thick smoke often comes out of the exhaust system. Smoke can have different shades from white to blue and even black. The smoke stops after the engine warms up, and may continue afterwards.

If a warm engine smokes, this means that the power unit has specific malfunctions. The color of the exhaust gases indicates the stage of development of the breakdown and its severity.

A brief description of the symptoms accompanying the exit of smoke

In some cases, smoking may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• difficulty starting a cold engine;
• unstable operation of the motor both at idle and under load;
• inconstancy of tachometer readings (revs float);
• increased fuel and engine oil consumption;
• power loss of the power unit.

There are often situations in which engine smoke is the only alarm signal.

The device of the car is designed for a constant, unobtrusive release by the system of exhausting the atmosphere of exhaust gases in specified volumes. But if, when starting the engine, smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe in large quantities, it is urgent to look for the cause of the alarming symptom that has appeared.

The first thing you need to pay attention to is the color, shades and density of the smoke coming from the engine. The most common are the following colors of the emitted gases:

1. White.
2. Black.
3. Bluish gray.

Each of the listed smoke colors can have different shades, but it is this division into groups that is the main one.

Causes of engine smoke

Why the engine smokes, car owners are often interested in this. The main malfunctions that cause increased smoke output from the exhaust pipe:

• damage in the fuel supply system;
• wear of parts included in the cylinder-piston group;
• violations in the operation of the gas distribution mechanism;
• problems in the cooling system.

Smoke can appear when there is a violation of the quantitative air-fuel balance, uneven mixing and incomplete combustion of the air-fuel mixture, failures that occur when coolants or lubricants enter the combustion chambers.

Each of the reasons described can affect the shade of the ejected smoke cloud.

An experienced master is able to take into account the influence of defects in one system on the incorrect operation of other components of the power unit. For example, malfunctions in the cooling system lead to overheating of engine components. Under the influence of ultra-high temperatures, the piston rings are destroyed, the tightness is broken, oil and coolant penetrate the cylinders, burn out, forming smoke of a certain color.

After the capital, as a rule, the smoking of the motor stops.

Clear smoke from the exhaust

The steam coming out of the engine can be mistaken for white smoke. Steam is generated by the evaporation of accumulated fluid in cooled engine systems. Most often, the accumulation of liquid at the end of the exhaust pipe and the release of steam are observed in the cold season after starting the engine.

Elements of the engine and exhaust system heat up, water evaporates intensively. After the engine and exhaust system are fully warmed up, the amount of steam is reduced to a minimum or disappears altogether.

The amount of steam that comes out depends on the humidity in the environment, the higher they are, the longer its traces will be visible. The release of steam is not a sign of a breakdown of engine parts and assemblies; if this effect occurs, repairs are not required.

Black smoke exit

The greatest damage to the environment is caused by puffs of black smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe of a car or directly from the power unit. The most likely causes of such smoke lie in the following violations:

• malfunctions of the engine management system;
• disorder of adjustments in the fuel equipment;
• reduction in compression of the engine cylinders.

An imbalance between the amount of components of the air-fuel mixture in the direction of increasing fuel causes not only the formation of black smoke, but also significantly increases fuel consumption. Failure of the normal mixture formation process may be caused by a dirty air filter. The lack of air entails an excess of fuel in the preparation of the air-fuel mixture.

A decrease in the compression level can be caused by mechanical damage to the cylinders, which significantly reduces the power of the power unit and contributes to an increase in the concentration of fuel in the mixture.

For accelerated diagnostics, it is necessary to examine the condition of the spark plugs. A black coating indicates that it became necessary to replace the candles with new samples, followed by the repair of deformed elements and the regulation of power unit systems.

Appearance of white smoke

A smoking engine with white gas does not always release harmless water vapor. White smoke is distinguished from steam by the following features:

1. increased density of smoke;
2. long dispersion;
3. the presence of a persistent smell of burning;
4. does not disappear when the engine warms up.

White thick smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe of the car indicates a malfunction in the cooling system. The variety of shades of white smoke depends on the type of coolants used, but in any case, with such exhausts, it is necessary to urgently repair the engine cooling system.

Incorrect operation of the elements of the cooling system can lead to serious disruptions in the functioning of the power unit as a whole.

Causes of white smoke:

• cracks in the cylinder head (cylinder head);

• the ingress of coolant into the cavity of the engine cylinder;
• motor overheating;
• use of low quality coolant.

If the cylinder head is leaking, the coolant penetrates into the cylinders, into the crankcase of the engine sump. When lubricants are diluted with antifreeze or antifreeze, the viscosity of the oil decreases, which significantly affects its functions.

What to do if white dense smoke is detected

When disassembling the cylinders, it is necessary to analyze the condition of the candles. The formation of scale on candles indicates the ingress of water. After examining all cylinders and glow plugs located in them, it is necessary to repair or replace the cylinders and candles. These activities are recommended to be carried out with the help of qualified craftsmen at the nearest service station.

Often, low-quality coolants in contact with the working elements of the engine cause increased corrosion of the components and parts of the power unit. Cheap grades of antifreeze can literally corrode the internal parts of the engine in the event of leaks. After such an impact, it is not possible to repair damaged parts.

To make sure that coolant enters the combustion chamber, you must remove the cap from the expansion tank. A sharp smell of burning, a decrease in the level of antifreeze in the tank, a floating oil film indicate the identification of this defect.

Smoke with a bluish (gray) tint

If a diesel or gasoline engine smokes heavily with blue gas, then this means that engine oil is leaking into one or more cylinders. During combustion, thick clouds of smoke are formed, which have a persistent smell of burnt oil and do not dissipate for a long time.

Depending on the type of engine oil used, the ambient temperature conditions, the color of the smoke may have a different intensity of blueness. To give a more accurate assessment of the nature of the smoke coming out and to distinguish it from standard exhaust, it is necessary to check the oil level regularly. Excessive consumption of machine lubricant indicates the presence of leaks.

In addition to visual analysis of the color of the exhaust gases, a check is made using paper attached to the exhaust pipe. If distinct oily spots remain on the sheet, then the reason for the bluish smoke exiting the chimney becomes clear: the presence of oil in the combustion chamber.

Description of the causes of white smoke with a blue tint

Why does the engine smoke with white gas with a gray or blue tint? When studying the origin of a bluish or blue exhaust, the following reasons are most often called:

1. Damaged valve stem seals.
2. The occurrence of rings designed to remove residual oil from the cylinder walls.
3. Turbocharger failure.
4. The oil used is of poor quality.

The purpose of the caps is to hold the oil before it is dispensed. Poor quality and malfunction of these elements lead to loss of tightness, grease constantly leaks and accumulates in the cylinders. It is worth starting a cold engine after a long break, the accumulated oil will burn out along with the fuel in the chamber, blue or blue smoke will escape from the exhaust pipe of the car in a huge cloud.

The wear and tear of the oil scraper rings leads to the ingress of an excess amount of lubricant into the engine cylinders and subsequent combustion. The use of the ring decarbonization method temporarily solves the problem, but at the same time the rings lose their elasticity, and the bedding can resume. To avoid serious damage to the power unit, it is necessary to constantly monitor the color of the exhaust gases.

With little wear of the engine elements, a short-term release of blue smoke is observed during cold operation. As the motor heats up, the parts expand as a result of an increase in their temperature, which favorably affects the gaps between the mating surfaces of the elements. The smoke output is reduced or completely disappears.

Turbocharger and causes of blue smoke

If the car is equipped with a turbocharger, then the output of thick bluish smoke may be due to its unsatisfactory condition. As a result of a malfunction of this unit, engine oil is leaking, designed to lubricate the bearings of the turbine. Lubricant penetrates into the starting system of the motor.

During the combustion of turbocharger oil, thick bluish smoke is formed, causing irreparable harm to the atmosphere.

To diagnose the turbine, you must perform the following steps:

1. Disconnect the turbine from the engine.
2. Check for oil accumulation inside the air duct.

The accumulation of a large amount of oil in the air duct and turbine is a serious defect. If such a situation is detected, it is necessary to immediately seek qualified assistance from the service center.

The influence of the quality of the oil used on smoke generation

Engine oil must have certain characteristics. The quality of the lubricant used directly depends on its properties. If the car engine contains low-quality oil, the viscosity coefficient of which does not match the brand of the car, or when the temperature inside the engine rises, a sharp loss of the useful properties of the lubricant occurs, this leads to serious damage to the elements and systems of the power unit. If blue smoke appears, check the oil for compliance and, if necessary, replace it completely.

The appearance of smoke can be caused by a number of other reasons - from the appearance of microcracks in the engine housing to the use of an inappropriate type of fuel intended for this brand of engine. Each specific situation always has a solution when seeking help from qualified specialists.

Every day, motorists turn to our site with questions "Engine smokes", "Why does the engine smoke","Engine smokes when cold" etc., but, unfortunately, very often we cannot give a definite answer, and here's why:

Before giving recommendations on the use of SUPROTEK compositions, it is necessary to clearly understand the causes of increased opacity, since the nature of its occurrence is different and sometimes is not associated with the natural wear of the cylinder-piston group - CPG. The nature of the smoke and its density does not provide complete information about the degree and exact cause of the appearance of smoke, but only tells you in which direction it is necessary to troubleshoot. For a more complete assessment of the condition of the engine, as a rule, additional diagnostics are required. Conventionally, the color of smoke can be divided into three primary colors: White, Blue, Black, which in turn can create many shades. Let's look at the nature of its origin.

Smoke engine: White smoke.

White smoke from the exhaust- quite normal for cold engine warm-up modes. It's not just smoke, it's steam. Vaporized water is a natural product of fuel combustion. In an unheated exhaust system, this vapor partially condenses and becomes visible, and water usually appears at the end of the exhaust pipe. As the engine and exhaust system warm up, condensation decreases. The colder the environment, the denser the steam. At temperatures below 10 ° C, steam is also formed on a well-heated engine, and in frost at minus 20 - 25 degrees it acquires a thick white color with a bluish tint. Humidity also affects the color and saturation of steam: the higher it is, the thicker the steam.

If the steam is visible in warm weather and on a well-heated engine, this may be due to the ingress of coolant into the cylinders. Its shade depends on the composition of the coolant, the weather, the light and the amount of coolant in the combustion chamber. Sometimes it can take on a bluish tint and, resembling "oily" smoke. But unlike oil smoke, which leaves a bluish haze in the air for a long time, the vapor quickly dissipates. It is difficult for a person without sufficient experience to determine by appearance what is actually the source of smoke, so you can use the "grandfather" method of checking. To do this, on a well-heated engine, briefly close the cut of the exhaust pipe with a sheet of white paper, while the condensed vapor in the form of water droplets will gradually evaporate when it hits the paper and will not leave obvious greasy marks. If this simple test confirms that it is steam and not oil smoke coming out of the exhaust system, you need to take action to eliminate the problem that allows coolant to enter the cylinders.

Liquid in cylinders

Most often, liquid can enter the cylinders through the head gasket due to insufficient traction (in winter, coolant leakage is often observed at the junction of the block and head), burnout, and less often as a result of the formation of microcracks in the head or cylinder block. In addition, these defects cause exhaust gases to enter the cooling system, forming gas plugs, which is guaranteed to indicate a malfunction.

By opening the cap of the radiator or expansion tank, it is easy to notice the smell of exhaust gases and an oil film on the surface of the coolant. Yes, the fluid level will be low. It is characteristic that in such cases, after starting a cold engine, the pressure in the cooling system rises, increasing the level of coolant in the expansion tank. Moreover, this level is unstable and in the tank you can notice the release of gas bubbles, sometimes with a periodic release of coolant from the tank.

When the engine is stopped, the picture changes. Fluid begins to flow into the cylinder. Gradually, it passes through the piston rings and enters the oil, into the oil pan. At the next start, the oil mixes with the liquid, forming an emulsion and changing color - it acquires a matte shade and becomes lighter. Circulating through the lubrication system, this emulsion leaves a characteristic light yellow-brown foam on the valve cover and oil filler cap.

If the defect (crack, burnout) is small, then there may not be any changes (it happens that the oil remains clean, although foam forms on the cork and valve cover). In case of very large damage, liquid can accumulate above the piston, prevents the rotation of the crankshaft by the starter at the time of starting, in especially severe cases, water hammer in the cylinder, deformation and breakage of the connecting rod are possible.

In areas where it enters the cylinder, the coolant actively cleans deposits, including those from spark plugs, and this helps to determine the location of the damage. A complete check will require the dismantling of the cylinder head, allowing you to assess the condition of the gasket, head and block planes.

It also happens that coolant enters the cylinder through the intake system - for example, due to leaks in the intake manifold gasket (if it simultaneously seals the collector cooling channels with coolant). In such cases, the pressure in the cooling system does not increase, there is no smell of exhaust gases in it, but the oil turns into an emulsion, and the coolant level quickly decreases. These signs, as a rule, are enough to find a defect and not confuse it with the one described above, otherwise the block head will be removed in vain.

Ambulance

All problems associated with white smoke from the exhaust pipe require the elimination of not only direct causes, but also a mandatory check of systems that can affect their appearance, the thermostat, the switch-on sensor, the clutch or the fan itself, the condition of the radiator, its plugs, hoses or connections. If white smoke and its accompanying defects are noticed, then the car cannot be operated, as the defects progress rapidly. But motorists very often ignore and, not attaching importance to the appearance of white smoke (steam), continue to operate the car, and at this time the coolant is already doing its “dirty deed”, worsening the properties of the oil. The resulting emulsion causes increased wear not only of the cylinder-piston group, but of all components and mechanisms, and ultimately leads to engine failure.

So how can SUPROTEK compounds help in this situation?

Of course, he will not be able to prevent the occurrence of the above malfunctions, much less eliminate them, and, accordingly, affect the intensity of vaporization. But this is just the case when the use of SUPROTEK products is more than justified, and here's why. Firstly, the layer formed by the SUPROTEK compositions, having greater strength than the base metal, is able to withstand wear with small leaks of the coolant. Secondly, having a good oil-retaining ability, it will allow the engine to work trouble-free for a longer time with large coolant leaks, when the entire volume of oil has already turned into an emulsion. Accordingly, this margin of time will allow you to detect the presence of a malfunction, take measures to prevent more serious consequences and save you from more complex and costly repairs.

Smoke engine: Black smoke

Black smoke from the exhaust pipe indicates a re-enrichment of the fuel-air mixture or a deterioration in the combustion conditions of the fuel, and, therefore, malfunctions of the fuel supply system or the CPG. Such smoke is usually clearly visible against a light background and represents soot particles - products of incomplete combustion of fuel.

Black smoke is accompanied by high fuel consumption, often poor starting, unstable engine operation, high exhaust toxicity, and often loss of power due to a suboptimal air-fuel mixture.

In carbureted engines, black smoke is usually caused by an overflow in the float chamber due to a defective needle valve or due to coking of the air jets. In gasoline engines with electronic fuel injection, over-enrichment of the mixture appears, as a rule, in case of malfunction and failure of sensors (oxygen, air flow, etc.), as well as in case of leakage of injectors. In diesel engines, black smoke appears when there are malfunctions in the operation of the high-pressure pump, injectors, and when the injection advance angle is not optimal.

Since the operation of engines on a rich mixture causes increased soot formation, this is reflected not only in the toxicity of exhaust gases. As a result, engine oil is saturated with soot, which in turn leads to rapid engine fouling, disruption of heat exchange, accelerated coking of piston rings, fouling of filters and oil channels, thereby accelerating abrasive wear. In addition, a violation of the thermal regime of the engine can lead to burnout of pistons or valves, which in turn causes even more serious consequences. The fuel that has not burned completely through the burnout in the piston enters the oil and, mixing with it, lowers its viscosity, which in itself affects its anti-wear properties, and in addition, with a high concentration of fuel in the oil, its flash is possible. It is obvious that the operation of an engine with such malfunctions is not only difficult, but also extremely dangerous, since it quickly leads to new, much more serious troubles.

The second main cause of incomplete combustion of fuel is a decrease in engine compression. For gasoline engines, the pressure at the end of the compression stroke (compression) primarily determines the amount of air charge or oxidizer (oxygen). Therefore, with a decrease in the amount of air with the same fuel supply, the mixture becomes over-enriched with all the same consequences. In diesel engines, the pressure at the end of compression, in addition to the air charge, also determines the temperature of this charge at the time of fuel injection. And since the ignition of fuel in diesel engines is carried out by self-ignition, then at low compression there may not be enough temperature for this self-ignition, especially in the cold season. That is, this is a decrease in the starting characteristics of the engine.

Why is it expedient to use SUPROTEK compositions?

It is obvious that in the first case, in the event of a malfunction of the fuel equipment of gasoline engines, the use compositions for the engine"SUPROTEK" is not possible as a repair agent, but it is very effective as a preventive agent: firstly, to reduce the impact of abrasive wear, and secondly, by sealing the gaps in the cylinder-piston group, the possibility of gas breakthrough into the crankcase is reduced. In the event of a malfunction of the fuel equipment of diesel engines, and usually this is the wear of the plunger pair of the high-pressure fuel pump, the treatment of pumps through fuel will restore the parameters of fuel injection and the quality of its combustion.

The second case of incomplete combustion of fuel, associated with a decrease in compression, is the most typical in SUPROTEK technology, since the layer formed on the friction surfaces of the CPG restores compression, and, consequently, the quality of fuel combustion. Black smoke disappears, power is restored and fuel consumption and waste oil are reduced.

Engine smoke: Blue or gray smoke

The main reason for the appearance of blue smoke is the ingress of oil into the engine cylinders. "Oil" smoke can have a blue color with various shades - from transparent blue to thick white-blue, which depends on the engine's operating mode, the degree of its warming up and the amount of oil entering the cylinders, illumination and other factors. Characteristically, oil smoke, unlike steam, does not quickly dissipate in the air, and the paper test mentioned above gives greasy droplets that fly out of the pipe along with the exhaust gases.

Oil smoke is accompanied by increased oil consumption. In transient conditions, oil smoke becomes thick. Owners of modern cars should be aware of the presence of a converter that cleans exhaust gases from oil even at fairly high costs. Oil can enter the combustion chambers through increased gaps in the piston rings, or through gaps between the valve stems and guide bushings.

Wear of parts of the cylinder-piston group is one of the most common causes of oil smoke.

Wear is possible as cylinder liners, rings, and piston grooves. Moreover, large gaps in the grooves create a pumping effect, pumping oil into the combustion chamber, even if the oil scraper rings are normal, oil still enters the cylinders. The deviation of the cylinder shape from the circumference worsens the sealing properties of the rings. Gaps usually form in the zone of locks, but their appearance in other places of the circumference is not excluded.

The wear of parts of the cylinder-piston group is often accompanied by a loss of compression and an increase in the pressure of crankcase gases. However, it should be remembered that often a large amount of oil entering the cylinders seals the gaps in the mating parts well and the result of the compression assessment can be quite normal, sometimes even closer to the upper limit. It is this circumstance that confuses the search for the causes of blue oil smoke.

With little wear on parts, smoke is clearly observed only when the engine is warmed up, gradually decreasing and even disappearing. The reason is simple: when heated, the parts expand and seal the gaps. With excessive wear, the picture is reversed: the smoke on a warm engine will intensify, since it is easier for hot oil, which has a low viscosity, to enter the cylinder through increased gaps.

Also, increased oil consumption is affected by the breakdown of the bridges between the piston grooves and the breakdown of the rings themselves, caused by overheating and detonation. In addition, the use of low-quality oils and untimely maintenance can cause the rings to burn and lie in the piston grooves with a complete loss of mobility. The defects discussed above usually do not occur in all cylinders at once. It is not difficult to find a failed cylinder by comparing the condition of the spark plugs and the compression value in different cylinders. Moreover, such defects are often accompanied by all sorts of extraneous noises and knocks that change with engine speed, load and degree of engine warm-up, as well as unstable engine operation due to cylinder shutdown (especially during cold start).