Connection diagram of the instrument panel vaz 2110, vaz 2111, vaz 2112 (view from the back):
- Fuel reserve control lamp;
- Instrument cluster illumination lamps;
- Control lamp of the right turn;
- Control lamp of the left turn;
- Reserve control lamp;
- Coolant temperature gauge;
- Control lamp for outdoor lighting;
- Control lamp of the air damper of the carburetor;
- Oil pressure warning lamp;
- Parking brake warning lamp;
- Control lamp of a charge of the rechargeable battery;
- Tachometer;
- Control lamp "CHECK ENGINE";
- Speedometer;
- Control lamp of level of a brake liquid;
- Control lamp of the alarm system;
- High beam control lamp;
- Fuel gauge. Plugs 2, 3, 8, 9 in block X2 are speedometer outputs 14
Temperature:
When the pointer needle is constantly at the beginning of the scale, with the ignition on, disconnect the wire from the temperature gauge sensor and connect the wire tip to ground. If at the same time the arrow deviates, then, therefore, the temperature sensor VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112 is faulty and must be replaced. If the arrow does not deviate, remove the dashboard of the VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112 and, without disconnecting it from the wire panel, turn on the ignition and connect the left output of the temperature gauge to ground, which is connected to plug 5 (see Fig. 7-49 ) white block (X1). The deviation of the arrow in this case will indicate the serviceability of the device and the damage to the wire connecting the sensor and the pointer. When the pointer needle is constantly in the red zone, with the ignition on, disconnect the wire from the temperature sensor VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112. If the arrow returns to the top of the scale, then the sensor is faulty. If the arrow remains in the red zone, then either the wire has a short to ground, or the device is damaged. The serviceability of the device can be checked by disconnecting the white block (X1) of wires from the car instrument cluster and connecting plug 1 to ground and to the battery plus terminal plug 10 of the white block of the instrument cluster vaz 2110, - 2111, - 2112. In this case for a serviceable device with the ignition on, the arrow should be at the beginning of the scale.
Fuel:
The verification procedure is similar to that described above. When the arrow of the VAZ 2110 - 2112 pointer is constantly at the beginning of the scale and does not deviate after the tip of the pink wire disconnected from the fuel level sensor VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112 is shorted to ground, then it is necessary to check the device. To do this, remove the instrument cluster VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112 and, without disconnecting the wires from it, turn on the ignition and connect the right indicator terminal to ground, which is connected to plug 10 of the red block (X2) wires. With a working device, the arrow should deviate to the end of the scale. If the arrow of the fuel gauge is constantly against the "1" mark, then the health of the device can be checked by disconnecting the red (X2) wiring block from the dashboard of the VAZ 2110, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112. In this case, for a serviceable device with the ignition on, the arrow should be against the "0" mark.
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asks: Petrov Viktor.
Essence of the question: Incorrectly shows the fuel level in the gas tank or does not show anything at all, sits at zero.
Hello! I have such a problem that the arrow incorrectly shows the level of fuel that is in the gas tank. It happens that the arrow either raises or lowers the actual availability of gasoline, and recently it even began to point to an empty tank, although I know for sure that there is even more than half. What to do?
The most basic reasons for incorrect display of the fuel level on the instrument panel VAZ-2112
It happens that the fuel level sensor fails, however, there can be many reasons that the fuel level needle is lying, and in this article we will consider the most basic of them.
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All my life I was surrounded by cars! First, in the village, already in the first class, I was running around on a tractor through the fields, then there was JAVA, after a penny. Now I am a third-year student at the "Polytechnic" at the Faculty of Automobiles. I work part-time as a car mechanic, helping to repair cars to all my friends.
Fuel spikes
When the fuel level readings “jump”, showing one or the other value, the malfunction may be the “abrasion” of the circuit board tracks on the fuel level sensor (located on the fuel pump in the gas tank - approx.). They are erased most often due to the impact on them of the slider. It is possible to solve this problem by bending its base to the track, however, if they are worn out too much, you will have to change them together with the float.
Part of the tracks on the board were erased.
Please note that if you are going to replace the FLS (fuel level sensor - approx.), then be sure to look at its markings. Since there are many analogues for the VAZ-2112, and the resistance values on them are all different. And if the sensor differs from the previous one, the problem will not disappear in any way, since the readings will also be incorrect.
Reading adjustment
If the arrow periodically raises and lowers the values, then adjustment will help in this case.
Adjusting the fuel sensor (FLS) - removing the fuel pump
If, in any position, the arrow indicates incorrect values, then it is necessary to bend the adjusting tongues from this side so that the float bar can move freely to the right or left, depending on its location.
Adjustment of a control arrow on the panel of devices
If the problem is the arrow on the instrument panel, then you need to remove the instrument panel and manually adjust it.
Doesn't show fuel level AT ALL
When the arrow points to "0" with a full tank, then attention should be paid to all contacts and connections:
- First of all, this applies to the bolts located on the back of the instrument panel, since it is they who create contact by fixing on the pointers.
- It is possible that the fuel level arrow has lost its place of fixation and needs to be adjusted.
- . Since its mechanical parts are very subject to wear.
- We test all the “negative” wires, especially this applies to the one located at the handbrake. Because, as often it is he who is untwisted.
- The float wedges or the FLS itself.
After analyzing all of the above, we can conclude that this whole problem lies entirely in the power supply system and the mechanical part of the fuel level sensor.
Please note that with (not old models - approx.) It is possible to control the fuel level electronically. It is enough just to enter the readings, after each refueling of the car and the faulty arrow of the FLS will no longer disturb you.
The fuel level meter in the tank is a fairly simple mechanism that any car enthusiast with a basic level of technical knowledge can figure out. Consider why the fuel level sensor does not work, as well as ways to eliminate all possible breakdowns (the arrow twitches, “lies”, shows only a full or empty tank).
Conditions for correct operation
If you have not previously encountered electrical devices and do not know how the fuel level indication system works, familiarize yourself with the following concepts:
- variable resistance (rheostat) - a device with which you can adjust the value of resistance. The greater the resistance in the circuit, the less current flows in it;
- fuel level indicator (UUT) - an element of the instrument panel that indicates the amount of fuel in the tank. May be analog or electronic;
- fuel level sensor (FLS) - a meter located in the tank.
Most systems for indicating the level of fuel in the tank work on the same principle. There is a float in the tank, on the counterpart of which there is a sliding contact. The sliding contact moves along the plate with contacts (resistive substance) rigidly fixed on the meter body. Moving the sliding contact changes the amount of resistance, thereby increasing or decreasing the amount of current flowing in the circuit. The lower the resistance, the more current flows in the circuit and the more the needle of the fuel level indicator deviates.
The chain includes:
The principle of operation of a lever-type FLS is described, but in the case of a tubular-type meter, the difference is only in the method of changing the resistance in the circuit. Tubular type meters can be found on BMWs. In the new generation of VAZ vehicles and foreign-made models, the DUT is most often of a lever type and is attached to the plastic housing of the pump section. 
Pilot lamp
One of the contacts of the low fuel warning lamp can be attached to the rheostat. In this case, when the volume of fuel decreases, the resistance in the circuit drops so much that the current becomes sufficient to ignite the lamp.
In some systems, a separate thermistor is included in the lamp circuit (resistance depends on its temperature). The thermistor is fixed in the casing of the pumping section. When the amount of gasoline / diesel is reduced to a certain level, it ceases to be washed and cooled by fuel. The passing current heats the thermistor, reducing its resistance. As the resistance decreases, the light on the dashboard starts to light up.
Faults
For what reasons the fuel gauge may not work:
- lack of good contact in any part of the circuit (breaking off of wires, oxidation at the junction of connectors, cracks at soldering points);
- malfunction of the dashboard indicator (for example, violations of the soldering points);
- disconnecting the float from the sliding contact;
- fuse blown;
- no contact between the resistive track and the sliding contact. The reason may be the formation of oxides, plaque on the surfaces, the weakening of the pressure of the sliding contact on the resistive layer, the abrasion of the tracks of the resistive layer.
Pointer "lies", works intermittently
The reasons why the gauge incorrectly shows the fuel level in the tank:
- the presence of additional resistance in the circuit (oxidation at the connectors, poor mass contact, the formation of oxides, deposits on the resistive layer and sliding contact);
- float casting defect, due to which it is filled with fuel. Breakage is extremely rare, but still possible, however, as is the bending of the float thrust due to mechanical impact during unskilled repairs;
- formation of plaque on the guide post (only typical for tubular type sensors). In this case, the movement of the float will be difficult.
The arrow always shows a full tank if the system:
- there was a separation of the float from the sliding contact (in this case, the slider will always be in the extreme position);
- the wire going to the pointer is shorting to ground somewhere, due to which the resistance in the circuit decreases.
The twitching arrow of the UUT indicates partial abrasion of the resistive track of the potentiometer. This will also cause interruptions in the operation of the pointer. Since most often the car is used with a fuel tank filled by 40-60%, it is in this range that the abrasion of the resistive layer occurs most quickly. Therefore, the pointer can only work properly when the position of the sliding contact falls on an intact resistive layer.
DIY diagnostics
To find the reason why the fuel level sensor does not work, you will need a multimeter (we recommend reading) and a control. First of all, it is necessary to determine whether the cause of the breakdown is in the sensor located in the tank, or in the indicator. To do this, remove the connector connected to the fuel section (located at the gas tank hatch, which in most cases is accessible from the passenger compartment). According to the wiring diagram of your car model, determine which of the wires goes to the dashboard indicator. Turn on the ignition, then apply a negative potential through the test lamp to the corresponding pin of the connector. If the arrow of the pointer rapidly went up, then the problem is in the sensor. For further diagnostics, it is necessary to get the fuel section. A multimeter will measure the resistance of the potentiometer.
