Signs of special prescriptions are a special group in which there are signs that are not included in others.
As a rule, they have a square or rectangular shape, are made on a blue, less often on a white background. They introduce or cancel a special mode of movement, they can inform the driver, prohibit or allow him certain actions, combining several prescriptions at once.
For example, if there were no sign 5.1, in the area of which the movement of pedestrians, bicycles, reverse, etc., is prohibited, how many prohibition signs would have to be installed along the entire length of the motorway.
Motorway (5.1)
This is the only green sign, and if green is found anywhere else, it will somehow be related to the motorway. Informs the driver about the start of movement on a road with motorway status. The fastest road in the Russian Federation, the maximum speed limit on it is 110 km/h. In rare cases, 130 km / h (when the appropriate sign is installed).
On the motorway it is prohibited:
- The movement of pedestrians, cyclists and mopeds, as well as other vehicles whose technical characteristics or speed limit does not exceed 40 km/h.
- The movement of trucks (weighing over 3.5 tons) beyond the second lane.
- Stopping outside areas marked with parking (6.4) or resting place (7.11) signs.
- Turn around or drive into technological breaks in the dividing lanes. From this paragraph of the rules can only deviate cars with special. signals, as well as with orange flashing beacons (road, utilities and other services).
- Reverse movement.
- Training ride.
End of motorway (5.2)
Indicates the end of a motorway.
Road for cars (5.3)
All prohibitions regarding sign 5.1 also apply to the road sign for cars. The only difference from the motorway is the speed limit. The sign does not remove the speed limit, and if you are driving on a city road, your maximum speed limit will be 60 km/h, unless otherwise specified. For example, the Moscow Ring Road is a road for cars, and the speed of movement along it is regulated by the installation of additional signs of 100 km / h.
End of road for cars (5.4)
Terminates the sign 5.3.
One-way road (5.5)
This sign indicates the road, the movement along the entire width of which is carried out in only one direction. The arrow is short and thick, not to be confused with round 4.1.1 (straight ahead). It is allowed to go straight, turn left and right, parking both on the right and on the left side of the carriageway (provided that the width of the road is at least 2 lanes). Trucks over 3.5 tons may stop on the left side for loading and unloading only.
U-turns are prohibited on a one-way road.
End of one-way road (5.6)
Reports the end of a one-way road marked 5.5.
Entering a one-way road (5.7.1, 5.7.2)
It is placed in front of all entrances to a one-way road, the direction of the arrow indicates in which direction the movement is carried out on this road. The sign does not prohibit crossing such an intersection, or making a U-turn at it.
It is forbidden to turn in the opposite direction of the arrow (under 5.7.1 to the left, under 5.7.2 to the right).
Reverse movement (5.8)
Alerts the driver about the beginning of a section of the road on which the direction of movement can change in certain lanes. The task of reverse lanes is simple - to unload the traffic where the workload depends on the time of day, or other conditions.
Reverse lanes are marked with a double dashed marking line. Traffic on them is regulated by special reversing traffic lights, which have 3 options for operation:
- green arrow (permits movement);
- red cross (prohibits);
- yellow arrow to the right (it is necessary to leave the reverse lane, as it will end soon, or reverse direction).
If for any reason the traffic light does not work, the rules require that you leave the lane immediately.
End of reverse movement (5.9)
The end of a road with a lane changing direction.
Entering a road with reverse traffic (5.10)
At all intersections with a road with reverse lanes, sign 5.10 is installed. When turning left on such a road, you cannot immediately turn into a reverse one.
Road with lane for shuttle vehicles (5.11.1)
The sign informs that the opposite direction is intended only for fixed-route vehicles (buses, trolleybuses, trams), bicycles and taxis. The movement and stopping of other vehicles within this lane is prohibited, the violation is equated to driving in the opposite lane.
Road with cycle lane (5.11.2)
Only bicycles and mopeds are allowed to move in the oncoming traffic lane.
End of road with lane for shuttle vehicles (5.12.1)
Terminates the sign 5.11.1.
End of road with cycle lane (5.12.2)
The zone of action of the sign 5.11.2 is terminated.
Exit to a road with a lane for route vehicles (5.13.1, 5.13.2)
It is installed before entering the road with a lane for route vehicles, the traffic on which is carried out towards the general flow. Turning at such an intersection is prohibited in the direction of movement of this lane, while a U-turn is not prohibited.
Access to a road with a lane for cyclists (5.13.3, 5.13.4)
As in the previous case, it is installed before crossing the road, which has a lane for cyclists and mopedists. Sign 5.13.3 prohibits turning to the left, 5.13.4 - to the right, a U-turn is allowed in both cases.
Shuttle lane (5.14)
A special lane allocated for the movement of fixed-route vehicles, passenger taxis, cyclists. The sign is installed directly above it, or to the right of the road, and extends its effect to the rightmost lane.
Driving in this lane and stopping are prohibited by any vehicle other than those listed. However, when turning right, we must turn right into it, but after that immediately leave. It is possible to enter for boarding and disembarking a passenger at vehicle stops, but without interfering with them.
End of lane for shuttle vehicles (5.14.1)
The zone of action of the sign is terminated 5.14.
Cyclist lane (5.14.2)
Dedicated lane for bicycles and mopeds. Other vehicles, including route vehicles, cannot move along this lane.
End of cycle lane (5.14.3)
Terminates actions 5.14.2.
Driving directions by lanes (5.15.1)
Note: a series of signs of special instructions 5.15 changes the usual traffic rules, when you can turn right only from the extreme right position, left from the left. It should be remembered that if the prescriptive signs allow turning left from several lanes, a U-turn can still only be made from the far left.
5.15.1 shows the number of lanes and the direction of movement for each of them. It can be installed to the right of the road, provided that the number of lanes does not exceed 2 (in the settlement) and 3 (outside the settlement), otherwise the sign hangs above the road. The action does not apply to route vehicles.
5.15.1 and 5.15.2 have an increased priority over signs of the series 4.1.1 - 4.1.6.
Direction of traffic on the lane (5.15.2)
Prescribe the direction of movement in a certain lane. Unlike the previous series, which can be installed on the right before the intersection, these signs are hung directly above the lane to which they apply. They are installed at such a distance that the driver can change lanes in a timely manner.
Beginning of strip (5.15.3, 5.15.4)
Notifies the driver about the beginning of an additional lane (acceleration, braking or any other). Any other sign can be embedded in it: limiting the minimum or maximum speed in a particular lane, prohibiting the movement of certain types of transport. So, if the sign 4.6 is inscribed on the left, and the vehicle cannot continue moving at the prescribed minimum speed, the driver must change lanes to the right.
5.15.4 reports the appearance of a middle lane on a three-lane road in a passing direction.
End of lane (5.15.5, 5.15.6)
Cancel the effect of signs 5.15.3 and 5.15.4, respectively, notifies the driver that the additional lane will end soon and it is necessary to think about rebuilding.
Direction of traffic in lanes (5.15.7)
Specifies the number of lanes in either direction. The sign can also be additionally inscribed prescriptive or restrictive.
Number of lanes (5.15.8)
Indicates the number of lanes and traffic modes for each of them. The requirements of the signs inscribed in the arrows are mandatory.
Bus and/or trolley bus stop (5.16)
They are installed at stops of public transport (buses, trolleybuses, fixed-route taxis), in places of embarkation and disembarkation of passengers. Stopping and parking closer than 15 meters from the place where the sign is installed is prohibited. The exception is a forced stop or boarding and disembarking of passengers. It should be remembered that the driver is obliged to give way to a route vehicle that is driving away from a stop in the zone of the sign.
Tram stop location (5.17)
Indicates the location of the tram stop. If it is in the middle of the carriageway, the driver is obliged to let pass the passengers who have left the tram.
Taxi stand (5.18)
This sign indicates parking places for passenger taxis.
Pedestrian crossing (5.19.1, 5.19.2)
A place on the carriageway is indicated where pedestrians have the right to cross the road, and drivers are required to let them pass. If there is no marking 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 on the transition, then its boundary is the distance from 5.19.1 (standing on the right) to 5.19.2 (standing on the left).
The driver should always be extremely careful when driving through a pedestrian crossing, since a collision between a car and a person, even at a relatively low speed, most often has very serious consequences for the latter.
Artificial roughness (5.20)
The border of artificial unevenness is indicated, in the common people of the "speed bump". If 1.17 stands in advance, then this one is placed directly in front of the speed bump, on both sides of the roadway. Very often accompanied by a speed limit of 3.24 .
Residential area (5.21)
Such a sign is placed in non-obvious places, when it may not be clear to the driver that he has entered the yard. In places marked with a “residential zone” sign, the following traffic rules apply. In a residential area, pedestrians have the advantage and can move both along the sidewalks and across the entire width of the carriageway. The maximum allowed speed is 20 km/h.
It is forbidden:
- through traffic and training ride;
- parking with the engine running;
- parking of trucks weighing over 3.5 tons, outside specially designated areas. This requirement applies to all yard areas without exception.
When leaving a residential area, the driver must give way to all road users.
End of residential area (5.22)
This sign indicates all exits from the residential area.
Beginning of a settlement (5.23.1, 5.23.2)
They inform the driver that he is entering the settlement, where all the requirements of the traffic rules for traffic in the settlement come into force. First of all it is:
- speed limit up to 60 km/h;
- a ban on the sound signal (except when it is necessary to prevent an accident);
- the need to pass route vehicles departing from stops;
- the ability to drive in any lane (outside the city, with a free right, you must move along it), and other requirements.
End of settlement (5.24.1, 5.24.2)
Termination of validity of signs 5.23.1 and 5.23.2.
Start of settlement (5.25)
A sign with a blue background and a white inscription informs the driver that he is entering the settlement, but the traffic rules for traffic in the settlement do not come into force. Often placed on bypass roads, which only touch the city at the very edge, and do not pass through it.
End of settlement (5.26)
Termination of the sign 5.25
Parking restriction zone (5.27)
A group of composite signs of special requirements, on which the word zone is written. Their main and important difference from others is that the action is not removed by anything except the end of the zone sign, and applies to both sides of the road. No matter how many intersections a car crosses and how it changes direction, as long as there is no end-of-zone sign, the prescription remains in effect.
5.27 indicates the area where parking is prohibited. In the above version, it is prohibited on both sides of the road from 7 am to 7 pm.
End of restricted parking area (5.28)
Indicates the end of a parking restriction zone.
Controlled parking area (5.29)
Beginning of a section of road or area where parking is permitted on the right and left, as indicated. Intersections do not interrupt the prescription.
End of regulated parking area (5.30)
Informs about the end of a section of road or territory where parking is allowed in the specified way.
Speed limit zone (5.31)
The beginning of the territory where the speed limit is in effect. Thanks to this sign, there is no need to install 3.24 at each intersection, the prescription will be valid until the driver passes sign 5.32.
End of speed limit zone (5.32)
At this point, the maximum speed limit zone ends.
Pedestrian area (5.33)
The territory is designated on which only pedestrians are allowed, and under certain conditions, cyclists. Fully complies with the conditions of the sign 4.5.1 (pedestrian path), but ceases to be valid only after 5.34.
End of pedestrian zone (5.34)
Informs about the end of the pedestrian zone sign.
Video
Signs of special regulations introduce or cancel certain modes of movement.
5.1 "Motorway"
The road on which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation, which establish the procedure for driving on motorways, apply. This road is the fastest.
Sign 5.1 is installed at the beginning of the motorway, as well as after the entrances to it.
On the motorway it is prohibited:
1. The movement of pedestrians, domestic animals, bicycles, mopeds, tractors and self-propelled vehicles, and other mechanical vehicles, the permitted speed of which, according to the technical characteristics or their condition, is less than 40 km/h.
2. The movement of trucks, the maximum permitted weight of which is more than 3.5 tons, then the 2nd lane.
3. Stopping outside special parking areas marked with sign 6.4 "Parking (parking space)" or 7.11 "Resting place".
4. U-turn and entry into technological gaps of the dividing strip. Be careful in these places, vehicles with special equipment may deviate from this point. signals, as well as equipped with an orange flashing beacon (road, utility and other vehicles).
5. Driving in reverse.
6. Training ride.
5.2 "End of motorway"
Indicates the end of the motorway marked with sign 5.1.
It is installed at the end of the motorway and at the beginning of exits from it.
5.3 "Road for cars"
A road reserved for the movement of cars, buses and motorcycles only.
This road is subject to all the requirements of the SDA section "Traffic on motorways". What is prohibited on roads marked with sign 5.1 is also prohibited on roads marked with sign 5.3.
Before the side entrances to the road marked with sign 5.3, sign 5.3 is installed with one of the plates 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.3.3 “Directions of action”.
5.4 "End of the road for cars"
Indicates the end of the road marked with sign 5.3 "Road for motor vehicles".
5.5 "One-way road"
A road or carriageway on which motorized vehicles travel in the same direction across the entire width.
5.14.1 "Lane end for shuttle vehicles"
5.14.2 "Lane for cyclists"
Signs 5.14 - 5.14.3 apply to the lane above which they are located. The effect of signs installed to the right of the road applies to the right lane.
5.14.3 "End of cycle lane"
Signs 5.14 - 5.14.3 apply to the lane above which they are located. The effect of signs installed to the right of the road applies to the right lane.
5.15.1 "Lane directions"
The number of lanes and permitted directions of movement for each of them.
2. Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, allowing a left turn from the leftmost lane, also allow a U-turn from this lane.
The rules allow movement on tram tracks of the same direction, located on the same level with the carriageway. If road signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 are installed in front of the intersection, then traffic on the tram tracks through the intersection is prohibited.
Permitted lane directions.
1. Effect of signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2,
installed in front of the intersection, applies to the entire intersection, unless other signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, installed on it, give other indications.
2. Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, allowing a left turn from the leftmost lane, also allow a U-turn from this lane.
The rules allow movement on tram tracks of the same direction, located on the same level with the carriageway. If road signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 are installed in front of the intersection, traffic on tram tracks through the intersection is prohibited.
5.15.3 "Beginning of lane"
The beginning of an additional lane on an uphill or deceleration lane (for example, on a motorway in front of an organized parking lot). If a sign placed in front of the additional lane shows sign 4.6 "Minimum speed limit", then the driver of a vehicle that cannot continue driving along the main lane at the specified or higher speed must change lanes to the right of him.
5.15.8 "Number of lanes"
Indicates the number of lanes and the lane modes. The driver is obliged to comply with the requirements of the signs on the arrows.
5.16 "Bus and (or) trolley bus stop"
Stop place for buses and (or) trolleybuses moving along established routes, as well as a fixed-route taxi.
Stopping and parking is prohibited closer than 15 m from the stopping places of route vehicles, marked with marking 1.17, and in its absence - from the pointer of the stopping place of route vehicles.
5.17 "Tram stop place"
5.18 "Parking place for passenger taxis"
5.19.1, 5.19.2 "Pedestrian crossing"
If there are no markings 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 at the crossing, sign 5.19.1 is installed to the right of the road at the near border of the crossing relative to approaching vehicles, and sign 5.19.2 - to the left of the road at the far border of the crossing.
In the absence of markings, the width of the pedestrian crossing is determined by the distance between signs 5.19.1 and 5.19.2.
5.20 "Artificial roughness"
Indicates the boundaries of artificial unevenness.
The sign is installed on the nearest border of artificial unevenness relative to approaching vehicles.
5.21 "Residential area"
The territory on which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation apply, establishing
Until 2006, signs of special instructions and information signs were part of the same group and were called information and indication signs. Now they are divided according to their purpose. Outwardly, almost all signs are made in the form of a square or rectangle and contain a white image on a blue background. Color combinations on other signs serve as a source of additional information about the features of the movement.
Signs of special regulations
5.1. Motorway.5.2. End of motorway.
A motorway is a well-maintained road designed for unhindered high-speed traffic. On such a road, you can move at a higher speed. The entrance to the motorway is marked with the sign 5.1., and the exit from it - with the sign 5.2.
5.3. Road for cars.
5.4. End of the road for cars.
The road for cars is somewhat inferior in terms of the degree of improvement of the highway. In addition to the speed limit, the same special traffic rules apply on it as on the motorway.
Most roads in Russia are not marked with signs 5.1. or 5.3.
5.5. One way road.
5.6. End of a one-way road.
There are no oncoming vehicles on a one-way road. Sign 5.6. always placed before an intersection. Having passed it, the driver enters a section of the road with two-way traffic. By default, it is considered that the road on which there is no sign 5.5. is a two-way road.
5.7.1., 5.7.2. Access to a one-way road.
Signs help the driver to orient themselves before entering a one-way road and indicate the direction of movement along it. They are not prescriptive and do not oblige you to move in the direction of the arrow. Based on their own needs, the driver can drive through the intersection in a straight line or turn around. Thus, at a standard intersection, one-way exit signs allow driving in three of the four possible directions.
5.8. Reverse movement.
5.9. End of reverse movement.
In reverse traffic, the same middle lanes of the carriageway can be used for driving both in the forward and reverse directions. The direction of movement depends on the intensity of the traffic flow. Thus, the throughput of the road is increased and the number of traffic jams and congestion is reduced. Reverse lanes are marked with road markings and special traffic lights. It is they who allow or prohibit movement at the current time in a certain direction along the reverse lane.
Signs 5.8. and 5.9. the boundaries of the area where reverse movement is possible are indicated. In a particular situation, you should be guided, first of all, by traffic lights, and not by signs.
5.10. Departure to the road with reverse traffic.
The rules for turning onto a road with reverse traffic are different from the usual rules for turning. Their main goal is to eliminate the situation when the driver may be on the reverse lane while the traffic on it goes in the opposite direction. Sign 5.10. forbids driving in the forward direction and turning at the intersection.
5.11.1. Road with a lane for route vehicles.
The sign indicates a one-way road along which a bus or trolleybus route is laid. For the return of public vehicles to the starting point of the route, a separate lane is allocated at the left edge of the carriageway. Regular vehicles should not occupy this lane. The rest of the lanes can only move in one direction.
5.11.2. A road with a lane for cyclists.
Mopeds can move along such a lane for cyclists, unlike bicycle and bicycle paths isolated from the road.
5.12.1. The end of the road with a lane for route vehicles.5.12.2. End of the road with a lane for cyclists.
These signs are placed in front of an intersection and act similarly to the "End of One-Way Road" sign. 
These signs are installed before the intersection. They do not prohibit movement directly or a turn. The flogging should be carried out in the direction of the arrow on the sign, which is not related to the bus. If you are not a driver of a public vehicle, a passenger taxi or a bicycle, then this sign is equivalent to the sign “Entering a one-way road” for you.
5.13.3., 5.13.4. Departure to the road with a lane for cyclists.
The signs allow cyclists and moped riders to travel in all four directions. Other vehicles can only move forward, backward and in the direction indicated on the sign by a common arrow.
5.14. Lane for fixed-route vehicles.
5.14.1. End of lane for route vehicles.
Signs also indicate the presence of a lane for the movement of public vehicles on a certain section of the road. The main difference is that the lane is designed for passing buses, trolleybuses, bicycles and taxis.
5.14.2. A lane for cyclists.
5.14.3. End of the lane for cyclists.
Such a lane is intended for movement exclusively for the movement of bicycles and mopeds in the direction of the passing general flow of the vehicle.
5.15.1. Directions of traffic on lanes.
5.15.2. Directions of movement along the lane.
These signs are installed only on a multi-lane road near intersections. They are located above the roadway and help the driver to orient in advance and choose the right lane for further movement (straight, right or left). The left arrow allows a U-turn, provided it points to the leftmost lane. It is forbidden to turn around from the other lanes even if there are left arrows. Route vehicles may deviate from the requirements of signs 5.15.1. and 5.15.2. in order to ensure traffic safety.
5.15.3. Beginning of the strip.
5.15.4. Beginning of the strip.
An additional lane on the right is usually formed due to the expansion of the road, on the left - due to the redistribution of traffic in the middle lane between passing and oncoming directions.
5.15.5., 5.15.6. End of the strip.
5.15.7. Direction of lanes.
This sign is installed not in front of the intersection, but on the stretch, on the section of the road outside the intersection. The arrows serve to distribute the lanes of the carriageway between oncoming and passing vehicle flows in conditions where the road markings are poorly visible under a layer of mud or snow.
5.15.8. Number of lanes.
The sign is designed to streamline traffic on a multi-lane road. In heavy traffic, vehicles traveling at low speed should occupy the right lanes of the carriageway, and vehicles moving at a higher speed should be in the left lanes. In the event that on the arrows of the signs "Beginning of the lane", "Direction of movement along the lanes" and "Number of lanes" there is a reduced image of a prohibitory or prescriptive sign, the driver driving along this lane should comply with its requirements.
5.16. Bus and/or trolley bus stop.
5.17. Tram stop.
5.18. Parking lot for taxis.
There are certain restrictions in places indicated by signs, caused by an increased likelihood of people entering the roadway, as well as the risk of collision created by public vehicles departing from stops. That is why all other drivers must take the necessary precautions. Accordingly, signs 5.16.-5.18. needed not only for those who use public transport.
5.19.1., 5.19.2. Crosswalk.
Signs indicate the boundaries of an unregulated pedestrian crossing and are installed on opposite sides of the road with an offset. Road markings "zebra" is applied between them. If there is no zebra, drivers should follow the signs.
5.20. Artificial unevenness.
The sign informs the driver about the location of the speed bump.
5.21. Living sector.
5.22. End of residential area.
A residential area is, in fact, any courtyard or intra-quarter territory. In any yards, not even marked with signs 5.21. and 5.22., the driver must comply with the relevant traffic regulations.
5.23.1., 5.23.2. The beginning of the settlement.
5.24.1., 5.24.2. End of the village.
5.25. The beginning of the settlement.
5.26. End of the village.
Signs denoting built-up areas introduce or remove certain requirements for built-up areas or country roads. Immediately after passing signs 5.23.1. and 5.23.2. traffic rules concerning settlements come into force, including speed limits, a ban on sound signals. These requirements supersede signs 5.24.1. and 5.24.2. Sign 5.25. only informs about the name of the settlement, which is usually located away from the road, and leaves in force the requirements of traffic rules for country roads. In this case, the driver should not lose vigilance and independently assess the need to take the necessary measures for the safe passage of such a section of the road. Places of installation of the signs "Beginning of the settlement" and "End of the settlement" may not coincide with the geographical boundaries of the city or town.
5.27. Parking restricted area.
5.28. End of restricted parking area.
5.29. Controlled parking zone.
5.30. End of regulated parking area.
5.31. Zone with a maximum speed limit.
5.32. End of a zone with a maximum speed limit.
5.33. Pedestrian zone.
5.34. End of the pedestrian zone.
The listed signs are valid on a certain section of the road to the nearest intersection. To extend the introduced restriction, repeated signs are installed. In cases where one or another traffic order needs to be extended to a territory that includes neighboring streets, adjacent courtyards and intra-quarter driveways, all its entrances are marked with signs indicating the beginning of the restriction zone, and exits - with signs indicating the end of such a zone. In such a situation, the requirements of the sign are valid at any point in the designated area, and neither the intersection, nor the end of the settlement, nor any other landmark can cancel them.
Information signs
Such signs, as a rule, do not dictate special requirements to the driver, but only help to navigate the road. However, some of them have certain features that cannot be neglected.
6.1. General maximum speed limits.
The sign is installed at customs checkpoints at the entrance to Russia in order to inform incoming foreign citizens about the speed limit in force in the country.
6.2. recommended speed.
The sign differs from the prohibiting counterpart 3.24. and prescriptive 4.6. He doesn't give strict instructions. The driver can drive both at a higher and at a lower speed, guided by the traffic situation, weather conditions, and the technical condition of the vehicle. However, the selected speed must ensure road safety. The zone of action of the sign extends to the nearest intersection or to the end of the dangerous section if installed together with a warning sign.
6.3.1. Place for a turn.
6.3.2. Reversal zone.
Signs indicate a place on the road where, if necessary, you can make a U-turn. Only one car can fit in the U-turn, there can be several in the zone. In the latter case, the maneuver should be performed carefully to avoid collision with other vehicles.
In places marked with signs 6.3.1. and 6.3.2. turning left is always prohibited. The reason is simple. Signs are installed on multi-lane roads outside intersections. When making a U-turn, the driver finds himself in the far left lane and does not interfere with those traveling in other lanes. When turning left, he has to cross all the lanes, creating the danger of a side collision.
6.4. Parking (parking space).
The sign can be supplemented with a sign regulating the method or features of parking. You can park the car in any place not prohibited by the Rules, even if there is no sign 6.4.
6.5. Emergency stop lane.
The sign is installed on steep slopes before the exit to a special "trap", which is an uphill branch from the main road. If the brakes fail, the driver can send the car into a "trap", in which the speed will be reduced due to the rise. Thus, accidents can be avoided. The sign "Emergency stop lane" is installed at the beginning of the descent with a sign "Distance to the object".
6.6. Underground pedestrian crossing.
6.7. Overhead pedestrian crossing.
Despite the presence of a pedestrian crossing, the driver still needs to be extremely attentive and careful. Even if a pedestrian violates the Rules of Traffic Regulations, the driver is not relieved of responsibility for an accident if he had the opportunity to prevent it.
6.8.1.- 6.8.3. Dead end.
Such signs are installed at the intersection, provided there is no through passage in one of the directions of traffic. In this case, the driver can move in the direction of the dead end.
6.9.1. Advance direction indicator.
6.9.2. Advance direction indicator.
6.10.1. Direction pointer.
6.10.2. Direction indicator.
6.11. Object name.
6.12. Distance indicator.
All these signs are made in a large size and are designed to inform the driver of the information necessary on the way. Signs with a green background refer to motorways, those with a blue background refer to other country roads, and those with a white background refer to settlements.
6.9.3. Movement scheme.
Signs show how to drive in the right direction in a situation where turns are prohibited at a traffic intersection or an intersection with a complex traffic pattern.
6.13. Kilometer mark.
Kilometer signs have a blue background when installed on country roads, green - on motorways. They are the best guide on country roads for employees of operational and other services in the event of an emergency, an emergency or an accident.
6.14.1. Route number.
6.14.2. Route number.
Every road on the map has a number. It starts with a letter and ends with a number. Sign 6.14.2. installed before a junction or a turn. It indicates the direction in which you should go to get on the road with the indicated number. Sign 6.14.1. without an arrow indicates that you are on this road.
6.15.1.-6.15.3. Driving direction for trucks.
6.16. Stop line.
Before the stop line, you must stop if there is a prohibitory traffic light (or traffic controller) or a sign "Movement without stopping is prohibited." The stop line is indicated either by road markings or directly by a sign. The latter is used only with traffic lights and is installed on the same support with it. Marking and sign can be used at the same time. Driving at a prohibitory traffic light beyond the stop line is a violation of traffic rules, punishable by a fine of 800 rubles (Article 12.12.2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).
6.17. Detour scheme.
6.18.1.-6.18.3. Detour direction.
Signs with a black image on a yellow background are temporary. They are installed in front of a section of the road blocked in connection with road works or holding any events.
6.19.1., 6.19.2. Preliminary indicator of rebuilding to another carriageway.
Such signs are used only on roads with a dividing strip. The latter is depicted on the sign with a thick black line. If it becomes necessary to block one of the carriageways, traffic is carried out along the remaining carriageway in both directions. Rebuilding on it and returning back is carried out at breaks in the dividing strip. Signs are placed in front of them.
6.20.1., 6.20.2. Emergency exit.
6.21.1., 6.21.2. Driving direction to the emergency exit.
Signs are placed in tunnels in case of evacuation.
Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses:
Article 12.12, part 2Failure to comply with the requirement of the Rules of the Road to stop in front of a stop line marked with road signs or markings of the carriageway, with a prohibitory signal of a traffic light or a prohibitive gesture of the traffic controller, entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of 800 rubles.
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Vehicle categories:
Category "B" includes cars and small trucks with a gross weight of up to 3.5 tons inclusive, and category "C" includes trucks with a gross weight of more than 3.5 tons. A conditional boundary can be drawn on Gazelle cars - having a GVW of 3.5 tons, they belong to category B, and everything larger than Gazelle belongs to category C. Trucks of category "B" in all paragraphs of the traffic rules (with the exception of two cases, which we will discuss separately) are equated to cars, which means that a driver's license of category "B" allows you to drive such vehicles.
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It is difficult to imagine the life of a motorist without road signs. They are an indispensable element of the organization of traffic. And the topic of traffic signs is a very relevant vehicle.
Let's try and we will understand the most difficult issues related to road signs.
Advantages and Benefits
Road signs are one of the most popular and convenient means of traffic regulation in the world (in general) and Russia (in particular). What gives them special value and significance?
First, DZ very personable, and their large number enables traffic organizers to use them to achieve a wide variety of goals (to warn about something, prohibit or prescribe something, inform, etc.).
Second, they clear enough. As a rule, it is not difficult to guess about the requirements put forward by the signs, because each of them represents a kind of symbolism that is understandable to everyone.
Thirdly, DZ is not a particularly expensive way to organize traffic. Compared to markings, traffic lights and traffic controllers, the procedure for installing a sign is very economical.
Fourth, this stable motion controller. If in winter the markings can be covered with snow, which makes it difficult to see, then road signs do not have such a disadvantage. The traffic light, in turn, requires a mandatory power supply, which can be disrupted (or not possible everywhere).
Fifth, it the most durable control. If the markings tend to wear out and become indistinguishable, if the traffic light requires constant service, if it cannot work without rest, then road signs will function for a very long time.
These advantages testify to the special status of road signs in the practice of traffic regulation.
Groups of traffic signs
Solely for convenience and the clearest understanding by drivers of the principles of installation and operation, all road signs are divided into 8 main groups:
- Special prescriptions.
- Informational.
- Service.
- Additional information (or signs).
And each group of signs performs strictly defined functions in the field of traffic regulation.
a brief description of
Warning signs have the function of informing drivers that they are approaching a dangerous stretch of road. At the same time, the symbolism of the sign itself reflects the nature of the danger.
As a rule, warning signs do not oblige the driver to anything, but justify the need to exercise care and caution. That is why almost all warning signs are installed in advance - at some distance before the beginning of the dangerous section of the road.
2. Signs of priority
This group of signs is incredibly important. They indicate the sequence of passage of unregulated intersections, intersections, as well as narrow sections of the road where it is difficult or impossible to pass oncoming traffic.
As practice shows, ignoring these signs is one of the most common reasons. That is why knowing the requirements that the signs impose on the driver, as well as strict compliance with their requirements, is the key to a trouble-free ride.
One of the most insidious and difficult to digest signs. And all because there are a lot of prohibition signs. And they have a large number of exceptions to the general rules.
The purpose of prohibition signs is to restrict or exclude the movement of certain participants, to introduce restrictions on the direction of movement, speed, a number of maneuvers, etc. And in rare cases, to cancel previously imposed bans.
Prohibition signs are very important for traffic safety. That is why any violation of their requirements is punishable by the norms of the administrative law of the Russian Federation.
Mandatory signs are intended to introduce or cancel the modes of movement (speed, direction, etc.)
This group of road signs, prescribing a certain mode of movement, begins to resemble the action of prohibitory signs. And indeed it is. But with only one amendment: prohibitory signs introduce a negative (prohibitive) regulatory regime, while prescriptive signs introduce a positive one. In other words, prescriptive signs answer the question: “What should the driver do?”.
The proximity of these signs to the prohibition makes them very important in the organization of traffic and road safety.
These signs are very close to prescriptive signs. Still, they even have the same root words in their names: “prescriptive”, “prescriptions”. And their purpose is also related: signs of special regulations are used to introduce special modes of movement or cancel such modes.
It is not for nothing that earlier both prescriptive signs and signs of special prescriptions were part of a single group of indicative signs. Their difference lies in the fact that prescriptive signs introduce some one requirement, and the group of interest to us - several prescriptions at once. This makes signs of special regulations an actual means of traffic regulation.
The main purpose of information signs (judging even by the name of the group) is to inform road users about the location of various objects (mainly settlements) and the distances to them. In addition, this very extensive group of signs also performs the functions of notification of established traffic modes.
As a rule, drivers simply ignore information signs, considering them frivolous. And very much in vain! First, there are some very insidious ones among them, who not only inform, but also introduce a prohibitive regulatory regime. Secondly, information is never superfluous.
Although, in fairness, it should be said that in comparison with prohibitory and prescriptive signs, signs of priority and special prescriptions, this group is very harmless.
This is the noblest group of signs. Service signs notify the driver of the approach or location of important road and other infrastructure facilities within the road: hospitals, hotels, recreation areas, service stations and other facilities.
From the point of view of the requirements for drivers, service marks are the most harmless group. They do not require anything from the driver at all, and therefore cannot become the reason for his punishment.
Despite the derogatory name - "plates" - these signs are very important in the traffic system. Their goal is to supplement, clarify, limit the actions of other road signs.
Signs of special regulations introduce or cancel certain modes of movement.
5.1 "Motorway". The road on which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation, which establish the procedure for driving on motorways, apply.
5.2 "End of motorway".
5.3 "Road for cars". A road reserved for the movement of cars, buses and motorcycles only.
5.4 "End of the road for cars".
5.5 "One-way road". A road or carriageway on which motorized vehicles travel in the same direction across the entire width.
5.6 "End of one-way road".
5.7.1, 5.7.2 "Entering a one-way road". Drive onto a one-way road or carriageway.
5.8 "Reverse movement". The beginning of a section of road where one or more lanes can change direction.
5.9 "End of reverse movement".
5.10 "Entering the road with reverse traffic."
5.11.1 "Road with lane for route vehicles". A road along which route vehicles, cyclists, as well as school buses and vehicles used as passenger taxis, move along a specially designated lane towards the general flow of vehicles.
5.11.2 "Road with a lane for cyclists". A road along which the movement of cyclists and moped drivers is carried out along a specially allocated lane towards the general flow of vehicles.
5.12.1 "The end of the road with a lane for route vehicles."
5.12.2 "End of the road with a lane for cyclists". The road sign is a road sign 5.11.2, the image of which is crossed out by a diagonal red stripe from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the sign.
5.13.1, 5.13.2 "Exit to the road with a lane for route vehicles".
5.13.3, 5.13.4 "Entering a road with a lane for cyclists".
5.14 "Lane for route vehicles". A dedicated lane in which shuttle vehicles, cyclists, as well as school buses and vehicles used as passenger taxis, move along with the general flow of vehicles.
5.14.1 "Lane end for route vehicles".
5.14.2 "Lane for cyclists".
5.14.3 "End of lane for cyclists".
Signs 5.14 - 5.14.3 apply to the lane above which they are located. The effect of signs installed to the right of the road applies to the right lane.
5.15.1 "Directions of traffic on lanes". The number of lanes and permitted directions of movement for each of them.
Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, allowing a left turn from the leftmost lane, also allow a U-turn from this lane.
Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 do not apply to route vehicles.
The effect of signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, installed in front of the intersection, applies to the entire intersection, unless other signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, installed on it, give other indications.
5.15.3 "Beginning of lane". Beginning of an additional lane on an uphill or deceleration lane.
If the sign placed in front of the additional lane shows the sign (signs) 4.6 "Minimum speed limit", then the driver of the vehicle, who cannot continue driving along the main lane at the specified or higher speed, must change lanes to the right of him.
5.15.4 "Beginning of lane". The beginning of the section of the middle lane of a three-lane road intended for traffic in this direction. If the sign 5.15.4 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited.
5.15.5 "End of lane". End of an additional lane on the rise or acceleration lane.
5.15.6 "End of lane". The end of a section of the middle lane on a three-lane road intended for traffic in this direction.
5.15.7 "Direction of traffic on lanes".
If the sign 5.15.7 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited.
Signs 5.15.7 with the appropriate number of arrows may be used on roads with four or more lanes.
5.15.8 "Number of lanes". Indicates the number of lanes and the lane modes. The driver is obliged to comply with the requirements of the signs on the arrows.
5.16 "Bus and (or) trolleybus stop place".
5.17 "Tram stop place".
5.18 "Place of parking of passenger taxis".
5.19.1, 5.19.2 "Pedestrian crossing".
If there are no markings 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 at the crossing, sign 5.19.1 is installed to the right of the road at the near border of the crossing relative to approaching vehicles, and sign 5.19.2 - to the left of the road at the far border of the crossing.
5.20 "Artificial unevenness". Indicates the boundaries of artificial unevenness.
The sign is installed on the nearest border of artificial unevenness relative to approaching vehicles.
5.21 "Residential area". The territory on which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the procedure for driving in a residential area.
5.22 "End of residential area".
5.23.1, 5.23.2 "Beginning of settlement". The beginning of a settlement in which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the order of movement in settlements.
5.24.1, 5.24.2 "End of settlement". The place from which the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation, which establish the procedure for driving in populated areas, become invalid on this road.
5.25 "The beginning of the settlement." The beginning of a settlement where the requirements of the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation, which establish the procedure for driving in settlements, do not apply on this road.
5.26 "End of settlement". The end of the settlement marked with the sign 5.25.
5.27 "Parking restriction zone". The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where parking is prohibited.
5.28 "End of restricted parking zone".
5.29 "Regulated parking zone". The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where parking is allowed and regulated using signs and markings.
5.30 "End of regulated parking zone".
5.31 "Zone with a maximum speed limit". The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where the maximum speed is limited.
5.32 "End of zone with maximum speed limit".
5.33 "Pedestrian zone". The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, on which the movement of pedestrians is allowed, and in the cases established by paragraphs 24.2 - 24.4 of these Rules, cyclists.
5.34 "End of the pedestrian zone".
5.35 "Zone with the restriction of the environmental class of motor vehicles." The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where the movement of motor vehicles is prohibited:
Abs. 3 paragraph 5.35 shall enter into force on 07/01/2021.
5.36 "Zone with restriction of the environmental class of trucks." The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where the movement of trucks, tractors and self-propelled vehicles is prohibited:
the environmental class of which, indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles, is lower than the environmental class indicated on the sign;
Abs. 3 paragraph 5.36 shall enter into force on 07/01/2021.
the environmental class of which is not indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles.
Signs 5.35 and 5.36 do not apply to motor vehicles of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, police, emergency services and formations, fire brigade, ambulance, gas network emergency service and motor vehicles of federal postal organizations that have a white on the side surface diagonal stripe on a blue background.
5.37 "End of the zone with the restriction of the environmental class of motor vehicles."
5.38 "End of the zone with the restriction of the environmental class of trucks."
