And detachment from him from the driver's seat mounted machines And guns having a "reciprocal" node - an automatic coupler lock.
The device provides free hanging machines, shifted to the side relative to the tractor axis up to 120 mm, with a lock tilted forward up to 15°, and also deviated to the side up to 15°.
Design
The CA-1 automatic coupler is flat welded frame, consisting of two square pipes located at an angle of 65 °.
In the lower part of the automatic coupler frame, from the outer and inner sides, pins are welded with which the automatic coupler installed in the holes of the hinges of the longitudinal rods hanging mechanism.
When installing the automatic coupler on the linkage mechanism, its longitudinal rods must be attached to the outer fingers of the frame.
In cases where traction interferes with work, for example, when cultivating tall crops in a row spacing of 700 mm, it is recommended attach longitudinal rods to inner pins.
In the upper part of the frame, strips with holes are welded for attaching the automatic coupler to the rear hinge of the central link of the linkage mechanism.
It is allowed to insert the thrust finger into the hole of the bar or into the groove. It is recommended to connect the central rod to the groove. In this case, the frame will be in an inclined position from the tractor, which makes it easier to hitch the machine.
In case of insufficient transport clearance or uneven travel of the working bodies of the machines, connect central rod with a frame through a hole in the bar.
When connecting the central link to the frame through the hole and tilting the machine lock back, before hitching the machine lengthen the central link, and after hanging, shorten it to the required length.
Doggy provided for fixing the connection of the frame with the lock agricultural machines.
The lock is a flat structure consisting of two channels welded at an angle of 65° and fastened with a tie.
During operation, the toe of the dog must rest on the stop of the lock. For tightness of the connection, with the help of eccentrics located on the rear plane of the lock of the machine, install minimum gap between stop And doggy toe.
1 - dog; 2 - spring; 3 - handle; 4 - bar; 5 - frame; 6 - finger; 7 - channel; 8 - connection; 9 - eccentric; 10 - emphasis; 11 - groove for the automatic coupler pawl.
Assembly
The connection of the CA-1 automatic coupler frame with the lock is as follows.
When the frame is inserted into the cavity of the lock, the pawl under the action of a spring jumps into the lock and fixes the connection.
To disconnect the frame with the lock, it is necessary to turn the handle with the help of a cable stretched into the tractor cab and disengage the dog with lock stop.
Then, holding the handle, lower the hitch mechanism with the frame installed on it, before the exit of the frame from the castle and move the tractor away from the mounted machine.
When storing the coupler frame in the lock of the agricultural machine insert the cotter pin into the hole of the dog. This will prevent the frame from falling out of the lock if you accidentally press the handle.
Traction coupling devices MTZ-82.1 Belarus
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The drawbar hitch of tractors MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus can be equipped with coupling elements TSU-2 (hydraulic hook), TSU-1M (pendulum), TSU-1M-02 (combined hydraulic hook + pendulum), lowering traction, TSU-1Zh (crossbar) and TSU-1Zh-01 (double crossbar) providing
aggregation and transportation of trailers and semi-trailers (with the installed TSU-2 - semi-trailers).
Connecting devices must meet the following requirements:
Compatibility on the connecting sizes;
Machines have rigid trailers;
The drawbars of the trailers are equipped with a device that facilitates coupling and uncoupling with the tractor's towing devices;
Semi-trailer towing devices have an adjustable support.
The main parameters of the drawbars are given with standard rear tires installed on the tractor (18.4R34(F-11) - both single and double on tractors with FDA 822-2300020-02/04; 15.5R38 - both single and twin on tractors with FDA 72-2300020-A-04 (FDA 72- 2300020-A); 15.5R38 - both single and twin on tractors with a front axle 80-3000030) at standard static radii specified by the tire manufacturer.
Drawbar hitch TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) and combined device TSU-2M-02 (with a hydraulic hook installed in the working position and a pendulum installed in an additional position)
Fig.110. Installation diagram of TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) and TSU-2M-02 (combined device with hydraulic hook installed in working position)
Main parameters and connecting dimensions of TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) MTZ-82-1/80-1 Belarus
Standard size (version) - TSU-2 (hydraulic hook)
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of agricultural trailed and semi-trailed machines with running wheels, semi-trailers.
Design features - Hydraulic hook with control via NU, provides automatic coupling with loops of agricultural machines and semi-trailers.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the axis of the connecting pin, mm - 147.
Vertical load on the towing device at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 12.
Hook horn sphere size, mm - 47.
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the hitch bracket.
Combined device TSU-1M-02 (combined device with a pendulum installed in the working position and a hydraulic hook installed in an additional position)
Fig.111. Scheme of installation of TSU-1M-02 (with the pendulum installed in the working position and the hydraulic hook installed in the additional position)
Main parameters and connecting dimensions of TSU-1M-02 MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus
Installation location - Fastening in the lower and side parts of the rear axle housing.
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of agricultural trailed and semi-trailed machines with running wheels, except for tractor trailers and semi-trailers.
Design features - Pendulum - a traction bar with the possibility of changing the transverse and horizontal position in relation to the end of the rear PTO.
Lowering traction - a traction beam with the possibility of automatic lowering and lifting.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the axis of the connecting pin, mm 350-400.
The angle of rotation of the towing device of the machine in the horizontal plane, degrees, not less than ±60.
Connecting pin diameter, mm - 30.
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor Holes of the hitch bracket.
Relative design value of longitudinal forces (D), kN, not more than - 56.1.
Traction hitch TSU-1Zh (crossbar) MTZ-82-1/80-1 Belarus
Installation location - On the front ends of the split lower links.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the center of the kingpin of the crossbar, mm - 400.
The diameter of the holes in the cross member for the connecting pin, mm - 32.
Vertical load on the towing device at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 6.5.
Pivot diameter, mm - 30.
Type of safety device - Insurance chain (cable).
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the crossbar free from the fastening of the fork.
Drawbar hitch TSU-1Zh-01 (double cross member) MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus
Installation location - At the rear ends of the telescopic lower links.
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of trailed and semi-mounted agricultural machines with coupling loops.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the center of the king pin of the crossbar, mm - 320, 400, 480 - for tractors with a hydraulic lift 390, 470, 550 - for tractors without a power and with a power regulator.
The diameter of the holes in the cross member for the connecting pin, mm - 32.5.
Vertical load on the hitch at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 12.
Pivot diameter, mm - 30.
Type of safety device Insurance chain (rope).
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the double crossbar free from the installation of the pivot.
Resetting the positions of the pendulum and hydraulic hook in the combined device
When working with the combined device TSU-2M-02, one of the coupling elements (hydraulic hook or pendulum) is set to the working position, and the other is set to an additional position that is not used when the tractor is operating.
When working with the hitch, with the hydraulic hook 9 installed in the working position, the pendulum 11 is attached on one side with a pin 6 to the bracket 8 and fixed with a cotter pin 7, on the other side the pendulum 11 is tied to the plate 5 with wire 4.
The second pin 6 is fixed in the free hole of the bracket 8. The bolt 10, designed to fix the hydraulic hook 9 in an additional position, is screwed into the free threaded hole of the bracket 8.
The earring 1, with the pin 2 installed in it, is attached to the pendulum 11 with the help of the pin 3.
When working with a towing device, with the pendulum installed in the working position, the hydraulic hook is fixed to the bracket 8 with the help of the bolt 10, the hydraulic hook horn lies on the plate 5.
Pins 6 installed in the bracket 8 limit the transverse movement of the pendulum. The fingers are fixed with cotter pins 7.
Fig.112. Scheme of installation of the pendulum and hydraulic hook in the working and additional positions in the combined device TSU-1M-02
A) Installation of the hydraulic hook in the working position, the pendulum - in the additional position, b) Installation of the pendulum in the working position, the hydraulic hook - in the additional position, 1 - earring; 2 - finger; 3 - kingpin; 4 - wire; 5 - plate; 6 - finger; 7 - cotter pin; 8 - bracket; 9 - hydraulic hook; 10 - bolt; 11 - pendulum.
To move the pendulum from the additional position to the working one, do the following:
Remove pins 7 from cross member 8;
Lower the rear hitch so that the levers 13 are in a horizontal position;
Pull out pin 6 and take out hydraulic hook 9;
Remove pendulum 4 from plate 5 and bracket 10;
Remove the kingpin 2 from the pendulum lining 4, thereby releasing the earring 1 with the pin 3, install the kingpin back;
Install earring 1 on pendulum 4 and fix on it with pin 3;
Set the pendulum assembly to the working position, and fix it with pin 6;
Raise the RHL to the upper position;
Install pins 7 in the holes of the cross member 8;
Move the bolt 11 into the threaded hole of the ear of the bracket 10 to the left of the grip 12;
Insert the pins 15 into the holes of the bracket 10, thereby fixing the pendulum from transverse displacement;
Set the hydraulic hook to an additional position.
To move the hydraulic hook from the additional position to the working position, do the following:
Move the bolt 11 into the threaded hole of the ear of the bracket 10 to the right of the grip 12;
Remove pins 7 from cross member 8, remove pins 15 from bracket 10;
Lower the rear hitch so that the levers 13 are in a horizontal position;
Open the grips 12 using the handle 14;
Pull out pin 6 and take out the pendulum assembly;
Remove the hydraulic hook from plate 5 and bracket 10;
Set the hydraulic hook into working position and fix with pin 6;
Insert fingers 7 into the holes of the cross member 8, thereby fixing the hydraulic hook 9 to the cross member;
Raise the rear hitch to the top position;
Set the pendulum to the additional position.
Fig.113. Reinstallation of the pendulum and hydraulic hook into working positions on the MTZ-82-1 / 80-1 tractor Belarus
A) hydraulic hook in working position, b) pendulum in working position, 1 - earring; 2 - kingpin; 3 - finger; 4 - pendulum; 5 - plate; 6 - finger; 7 - finger; 8 - cross member; 9 - hydraulic hook; 10 - bracket; 11 - bolt; 12 - capture; 13 - lever; 14 - handle; 15 - finger.
The pendulum, both included in the combined device and installed separately, has the following installation options:
Two positions in length;
- three positions in the transverse plane.
To change the length position:
Remove pin 6 from bracket 10;
Move the pendulum assembly until the second hole of the earring 1 of the pendulum coincides with the hole in the bracket 10;
Fix the new position of the pendulum with pin 6.
To shift the axis of the tool relative to the axis of the tractor, the pendulum 2, in addition to the main position, can be installed at an angle of (4±1)º relative to the longitudinal axis of the tractor:
Position +(4±1)º relative to the tractor axis – pendulum 2 is fixed by pins 1 inserted into holes A of bracket 3;
Basic position - the pendulum is fixed with fingers 1 inserted into the holes B of the bracket 3;
Position -(4±1)º relative to the tractor axis – the pendulum is fixed by pins 1 inserted into holes B of bracket 3.
Fig.114. Options for mounting the pendulum relative to the longitudinal axis of the tractor
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Service and adjustments MTZ-82 __________________________________________________________________________Operation and service of MTZ-82.1, 80.1, 80.2, 82.2
The hitch (linkage mechanism) is used to attach mounted, semi-mounted and trailed agricultural machines to the tractor, adjust the working position, raise to the transport position and lower the mounted and semi-mounted machines to the working position. Three points on the hitch - two lower link pivots and a top link pivot - are usually coupled to an automatic hitch (see fig. 3), which then engages a lock on the machine. However, there are still many agricultural machines on the farms that are not equipped with an automatic coupler lock. Such machines are attached directly to the hinges of the linkages of the linkage mechanism.
The power cylinder of the linkage mechanism is connected to the rear axle housing through the bracket. The bracket is fixed to the rear axle with four special hardened bolts and two hollow pins. With the help of folding plates, the bolts are protected from self-loosening. The fork of the cylinder rod is connected to the swivel lever 14 (Fig. 1) mounted on the splines of the shaft 13 rotating in the bushings of the bracket 12. At the ends of the shaft 13, the outer levers 11 and 16 are installed in the same way. Using braces, they are connected to the lower rods 4 and 28.
Rice. 1. Attachment: 1 and 26 - rear ends of the rods; 2 - eye; 3 and 9 - couplers; 4 and 28 - lower rods; 5 - bottom screw; 6 - tie bracket; 7 - the axis of the lower rods; 8 - bolt; 10 - top screw; 11 and 16 - outer levers; 12 - bracket; 13 - rotary shaft; 14 - cylinder lever; 15 - top link mounting bracket; 17 - right brace; 18 - roller; 19 - driven gear; 20 - drive gear; 21 - handle; 22 - coupler-pipe; 23 - fork screw; 24 - top link; 25 - handle; 27 - coupler screw; 29 - power sensor bolt; 30 - sensor earring; 31 - finger; 32 - cross member; 33 - kingpin; 34 - fork; 35 - finger.
The transmission of movement from the cylinder to the mounted machine is transmitted as follows: the cylinder rod - the rotary lever - the shaft - the outer levers - the braces - the lower rods - the machine, which is also connected to the upper (central) rod. When lifting and lowering the linkage mechanism, the agricultural machine moves along a trajectory determined by the movement of the rear ends of the lower and upper links. The brace left in the direction of the tractor is usually not adjustable, and the size between its lower and upper pins should be 500 mm. This brace consists of two screws -5 and 10 and a coupler 9. The length of the right brace is adjusted by the handle 21 of the roller 18, on which the drive gear 20 is fixed, which transmits rotation to the gear 19. This gear is rigidly connected to the tie-pipe 28, into the thread of which the screw of the fork 23 is screwed or unscrewed. clockwise, when viewed from above, increase the length of the brace, rotating in the opposite direction - reduce it.
The upper link 24 is connected in the earring 30 of the power control sensor. The front hinges of the lower links are fixed on the axis 7, passing through steel bushings pressed into the rear axle lugs. Brackets 6 are fixed on the same axis, connected by means of screws 27 and couplers 3 with lower rods. They make up the restrictive chains and provide adjustment of the transverse movements of the machine in the transport and working positions. Bolts 8 are screwed into the brackets 6, which, resting against the rear axle housing, provide chain tension in the transport position of the machine and reduce its swaying. In the bracket 12 of the rotary shaft, a power control sensor is mounted.
To improve the adaptability of wide-cut agricultural machines to field irregularities and the possibility of moving them in a vertically transverse plane relative to the tractor frame, the braces to the lower links 4 (see Fig. 1) and 28 should be connected through the grooves in the forks (see position A). In this case, the forks of the braces must be attached to the rods with holes forward so that the fingers connecting the rear ends of the rods with the front ones do not interfere with the movement of the braces along the grooves.
When working with heavy attachments (for example, seeders), it may be necessary to increase the lifting capacity of the attachment. This is achieved by connecting the braces to the longitudinal rods through additional holes located closer to the rear hinges. In this case, the forks of the braces must be positioned with grooves forward so that they do not affect the fingers connecting the ends of the longitudinal rods.
To attach trailed machines to the tractor, a cross member 32 with a fork 34 is mounted on the lower links 4 and 28.
Before installing the crossbar, it is necessary to remove the rear ends 1 and 26 of the lower rods, for which you should unpin and remove the pin connecting the front and rear ends of the rods with eye 2. The cheeks of the crossbar are inserted into the grooves of the front ends of the lower rods, which are fixed with fingers and lugs.
To exclude transverse movements of the towing device, it is necessary to shorten the length of the restrictive chains by rotating the tie rods 3. The adjusting bolts 8 should be completely screwed into the brackets 6.
Mechanism for fixing hinged machines. The increased transport speeds of the tractor and the mass of mounted agricultural machines required the creation of devices to securely hold them in the transport position.
For this purpose, a mechanism for fixing mounted machines is used. 
Rice. 2. Locking mechanism: 1 - handle; 2 - bracket guide; 3 - visor of the bracket; 4 - bracket; 5 - lever tooth; 6 and 7 - cheeks; 8 - cylinder bracket; 9 - axis of the cylinder; cylinder; 11, 13, 19 and 21 - levers; 12 and 14 - axes; 15 - bracket; 16 - spring; 17 and 20 - thrust; 18 - power lever.
In the transport position, the mechanism connects the bracket 8 (Fig. 2) of the cylinder 10 with the rotary lever 18 of the hitch. It eliminates the possibility of spontaneous gradual lowering of the machine due to oil flowing through gaps in hydraulic units (in the cylinder, distributor, regulator, hydraulic booster), as well as its fall due to rupture of pipelines or high-pressure hoses or accidental transfer of the distributor or regulator handle to the “forced lowering” position.
The locking mechanism is a bracket 4 connected by means of two cheeks - 6 and 7 with the axis 9 of the attachment of the hydraulic cylinder 10 to the bracket 8. The power lever 18 has a tooth 5, which comes into contact with the bracket when the mechanism is fixed. Thus, the lever 18 is connected to the axis 9 and the hydraulic system (cylinder, oil lines, distributor) is completely unloaded.
In the upper unfixed position, the mechanism is held by a locking device consisting of levers 11 and 13 connected by an axle 12, a bracket 15 and a spring 16. The locking device is controlled by the driver with handle 1 through the open rear window of the cabs using rods 17 and 20, levers 19 and 21.
On the bracket 4 there is a visor 3 with a sliding surface for interacting with the outer surface of the tooth 5 of the power lever 18 and a guide 2 for interacting with the fork of the cylinder rod 10.
Blocking of the hinged device with the machine attached to it in the transport position occurs as follows.
When the hydraulic cylinder rod is retracted to failure, the hitch rises to the transport position. In this case, the power lever 18 approaches the body of the hydraulic cylinder and stops in a position in which its tooth 5 will be under the support surface of the bracket 4. When you press the handle 1, the levers 19 and 21 will move the rod 17, which, overcoming the force of the spring 16, will turn the lower lever 13 clockwise relative to the axis 14. The upper lever 11 will turn counterclockwise and release the bracket 4 by power lever 18. When the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder is relieved (distributor spool is set to the “floating” position), the hitch will drop slightly under the influence of gravity of the attached agricultural machine until the working surface of the tooth 5 of the lever 18 is firmly pressed against the supporting surface of the bracket 4. The hitch will block in the transport position.
To lower the hinged device from the upper position to the lower one, it is necessary to retract the hydraulic cylinder rod by moving the distributor handle to the “lift” position and lift the bracket up until it is installed on the locking device, for which you need to lift the handle 1 up. In this case, the levers 11 and 13, turning around the axis 12, will be installed in one line and raise the locking mechanism. After installing both levers in one line under the influence of the spring 16, they will turn around the axis 12 at a small angle (pass through the “dead” position) until the lower lever 13 stops against the protrusion of the upper lever 11. From the lower (open) position, the locking mechanism cannot go down spontaneously, since the gravity force of the mechanism presses the protrusion of the lever 11 against the body of the lever 13, preventing the levers from turning in the opposite direction. The hitch is unlocked and can now drop down, as the lever 18 passes freely under the raised bracket 4.
If the tractor driver lowers the locking mechanism before the end of the full stroke of the cylinder for retraction, the guide 2 of the bracket will lie on the fork of the rod or the peak 3 of the bracket, will come into contact with the outer surface of the tooth 5 of the lever, preventing the locking mechanism from lowering. When the hydraulic cylinder rod is retracted, the guide will slide along the rod fork, and the visor of the bracket will slide along the outer surface of the lever tooth, preventing the mechanism from lowering and thus eliminating breakage of the cylinder parts (in particular, the stop of the hydromechanical valve). Only in the extreme retracted position of the cylinder rod, the bracket will be able to fall on the lever body and block the hitch.
In recent years, tractors have been equipped with an automatic hitch SA-1 (Fig. 3), which greatly facilitates the connection of the tractor with machines that have the so-called reciprocal locks. 
Rice. 3. Automatic hitch SA-1 ( I) with return lock ( II) agricultural machinery: 1 - frame; 2 - cheek; 3 and 4 fingers; 5 - cable; 6 - handle; 7 - latch; 8 - spring.
Installing attachments on a tractor is not always easy and requires some time. However, today the AC-1 automatic coupler from MTZ is widely used, which easily and at minimal cost solves the problem of installing mounted units. Read about the MTZ automatic coupler, its device and operation in this article.
not always easy and time consuming. However, today the AC-1 automatic coupler from MTZ is widely used, which easily and at minimal cost solves the problem of installing mounted units. Read about the MTZ automatic coupler, its device and operation in this article. The purpose of the automatic hitch SA-1 Only in rare cases is a tractor needed by itself - the main value of this machine lies in the ability to install various attachments and implements on it. It is thanks to attachments that the tractor becomes a village worker, a housing and communal services worker or an assistant in any other field. To install attachments on a tractor, a special device is used - a rear hitch. In our country, the MTZ three-point hitch is most widely used, which over the past decades has been used both on wheeled Minsk tractors and on tractors of other plants. The rear linkage is universal, it allows you to install the mostMTZ tractors with Lombardini engines and attachments
Minsk Tractor Plant has been offering new models of tractors with Lombardini power units for several years. Our company, being an MTZ dealer, supplies these tractors, as well as all attachments to them and spare parts. About the new MTZ tractors with Lombardini and attachments for them, the features and benefits of this technique, read in this article.
a safety arc is installed. It is equipped with a Lombardini LDW 1603 / B3 engine with a power of 36 hp. "Belarus-422". A universal compact tractor with a traction class of 0.6, but due to a more powerful Lombardini LDW 2204 diesel engine (46.9 hp), is capable of developing a hook pull of up to 7.1 kN. The tractor has a 4 × 4 wheel formula (with the front axle engaged automatically), equipped with advanced hydraulic and pneumatic systems, can be equipped with a front PTO and a front hydraulic system. Unlike the "younger" models, it is equipped only with a rigid cabin. It is produced in several modifications - basic 422, 422.1 and others. "Belarus-622". The most powerful and largest among Minsk mini-tractors with Lombardini engines, equipped with an LDW 2204T engine with a power of 60.2 hp. In general, the design and characteristics of the tractor correspond to the characteristics of the 422 model, but "Belarus-622" due to the increased thrustAgricultural tractors of Russia
Since tractors have been and remain the main equipment used in field farming, many Russian manufacturers have been trying to introduce original technical solutions in recent years. The goal of our agricultural machine builders is not so ambitious - at least to keep in their hands a part of the domestic market, which is rapidly being conquered by imported products.
with Valtra transmission with electro-hydraulic and mechanical shifting. Development of new classes The tractor-building enterprises of the former USSR have always had one problem: the development of models of traction classes that are not in the nomenclature. And before anyone else, this problem was solved not by Russian designers, but by Belarusian ones, at the Minsk Tractor Plant, which was originally designed to produce tractors only with a traction class of 1.4. At first, Minskers mastered the mass production of the highly demanded "third-grader" MTZ-2022, to which the staff of the Kirov Plant responded by entering the market with a direct competitor to the K-300ATM. Specialists from Volgograd did not remain in debt either, pulling themselves up to the "pioneers-third-graders" due to their VK-170. However, later the neighbors-tractor builders designed the MTZ-2822 class 5, which, in fact, is an upgrade of the famous Kirovets. True, the creators of the new model really creatively approached the development of a tractor with a classic scheme, equipped with
